Ground-based Investigations of Atomic Oxygen Erosion Behaviors of Silver and Ion-implanted Silver

Silver foils and ion-implanted silver foils exposed to atomic oxygen （AO） generated in a ground simulation facility were investigated by the quartz crystal microbalance （QCM）, the scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The experimental results show the presence of Ag2O and AgO in an oxidation process of the silver foil having exposure to AO. As soon as silver comes under the bombardment of atomic oxygen, the oxidation process starts with a thick film forming on the silver surface. Because of the development of stresses, the oxide layer gets cracked and spalled, which leads to appearance of a new silver surface intensifying further oxidation. At last, AgO begins to form on the outer surface of the oxide film. The analytical results of the XPS and the AES attest to formation of a continuous high-quality protective oxide-based layer on the surface of ion-implanted silver films after exposure to AO. This layer can well protect materials in question from erosion.     

C/ SiC 复合材料高温抗氧化 BSAS 涂层制备及性能

利用大气等离子喷涂在C/Si C复合材料表面制备BSAS涂层,并研究涂层的高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:包裹有BSAS涂层的复合材料在1 400℃下抗氧化性能良好,120 h后,样品失重率仅为复合材料自身失重率的1/7。1 400℃下热循环300 h后涂层剥落失效,同时发现BSAS涂层由六方相生成单斜相。     

MB26镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜层性能

文摘利用扫描电镜、表面性能测试仪和电化学测试技术等研究了在铝酸盐电解液中,不同电流密度和氧化时间对MB26镁合金微弧氧化膜的表面形貌、厚度、结合力以及耐蚀性等性能的影响。结果表明:随氧化时间和电流密度的增加,MB26镁合金微弧氧化膜层中的微孔数量减少,但孔变深。膜层厚度随氧化时间和电流密度的增加而线性增加,但与基体的结合力随之降低。氧化膜的耐蚀性随氧化时间和电流密度的增加呈先增加而后减小的趋势,该合金在铝酸盐体系中微弧氧化的最佳工艺为电流密度0.2 A/cm2,氧化时间40 m in。     

TiC和ZrC颗粒增强钨基复合材料的烧蚀研究

用氧乙炔焰喷吹法对 Ti C和 Zr C增强钨基复合材料 ( Ti Cp/W和 Zr Cp/W两系列 )烧蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,复合材料的质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率由高到低的排列顺序为 :W>30 Ti Cp/W>4 0 Ti Cp/W>30 Zr Cp/W>4 0 Zr Cp/W( 30 Ti Cp/W表示含 Ti Cp 的体积分数为 30 % ,下同 )。对复合材料在烧蚀初期剧烈的升温过程进行了在线监测。 30 Ti Cp/W和 4 0 Ti Cp/W在烧蚀初期剧烈的升温过程中未能经受住约 2 0 0 0℃ /s升温热震而开裂 ,而 30 Zr Cp/W和 4 0 Zr Cp 能经受约 2 0 0 0℃ /s升温热震。在钨中加入 Ti C和 Zr C颗粒能明显提高钨的抗烧蚀性能 ,而且 Zr C颗粒比 Ti C颗粒更能提高 W的抗烧蚀性能。碳化物含量越高 ,材料的抗烧蚀性能越好。复合材料烧蚀机理是 W、Ti C和 Zr C的氧化烧蚀     

Dy对EB-PVDβ-NiAl涂层高温瞬态氧化行为的影响(英文)

β-NiAl是一种有前景的应用于1150°C以上的抗氧化涂层材料。本文利用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)方法制备了0~0.5at%Dy含量的β-NiAl涂层,研究了涂层的瞬态氧化行为。1200°C时,在0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层中只观察到了稳态α-Al2O3相,而在0.5at%Dy掺杂的涂层中,1h氧化过程中,发生了θ-Al2O3到α-Al2O3的相变。1100°C时,在最初的15min所有涂层均发生了θ-α相变。0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层在45min的时候相变已经完成,这比0.5at%Dy掺杂涂层要早得多。过量Dy的掺杂能够延缓θ-α相变。未掺杂和过量掺杂涂层在20h氧化之后仍存在针状相θ-Al2O3,而0.05at%Dy掺杂的涂层中则为经典的颗粒状α-Al2O3形貌。     

离子注入铜薄膜后的氧化行为

为克服铜易氧化造成薄膜电阻增加、机械性能下降的缺点，采用离子注入技术对铜薄膜表面进行改性研究。离子注入后进行了氧化试验，并结合Ｘ射线衍射和卢瑟福背散射进行了分析。结果表明，离子注入对原有薄膜的电阻影响是很小的； 随注入剂量的增大，抗氧化能力提高；离子注入不但改善了铜薄膜的抗氧化能力，而且氧化行为及氧化层的结构也发生了变化，未经注入的铜薄膜形成的氧化铜以Ｃｕ２Ｏ为主，注入后氧化铜则为Ｃｕ２Ｏ 和ＣｕＯ 的复合结构。离子注入提高了铜薄膜抗氧化性能。     

Studies on urine treatment by biological purification using Azolla and UV photocatalytic oxidation

The amount of water consumed in space station operations is very large. In order to reduce the amount of water which must be resupplied from Earth, the space station needs to resolve the problems of water supply. For this reason, the recovery, regeneration and utilization of urine of astronauts are of key importance. Many investigations on this subject have been reported. Our research is based on biological absorption and, purification using UV photocatalytic oxidation techniques to achieve comprehensive treatment for urine. In the treatment apparatus we created, the urine solution is used as part of the nutrient solution for the biological components in our bioregenerative life support system. After being absorbed, the nutrients from the urine were then decomposed, metabolized and purified which creates a favorable condition for the follow-up oxidation treatment by UV photocatalytic oxidation. After these two processes, the treated urine solution reached Chinese national standards for drinking water quality (GB5749-1985).     

1700℃有氧环境下高超声速飞行器轻质防热材料隔热性能试验研究

文章针对高超声速飞行器需面临极端高温有氧热环境以及舱体表面单侧面受热的特点,建立了由硅钼发热体作为热源的红外辐射式超高温、时变、单侧面加热试验测试系统,开展了高达1700℃的有氧环境下高超声速飞行器轻质防热材料的隔热性能试验。另外,为了研究和优选高效隔热方式,对高超声速飞行器用单层轻质陶瓷隔热材料和陶瓷/纳米材料叠层复合结构在1700℃高温有氧环境下的隔热特性进行了试验测试;通过试验结果的对比分析,发现陶瓷/纳米材料复合叠层结构比单层轻质陶瓷材料的隔热效果提高近50%。     

Influences of pulse frequency on formation and properties of composite anodic oxide films on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy

A thick composite anodic oxide film was fabricated in an environmentally friendly malic acid electrolyte containing PolyTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) nanoparticles on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys. The influence of pulse frequency on the morphology, microstructure and composition of composite anodic oxide films containing PTFE nanoparticles was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The tribological properties in terms of the friction coefficient, wear loss and morphology of worn surfaces were measured by ball-on-disc tests. The electrochemical property was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization. The results indicated that the titanium dioxide of composite anodic oxide films transformed from anatase to rutile with the change of pulse frequency, which could result from the electrochemical dynamic equilibrium. The combination of PTFE nanoparticles and malic acid electrolyte molecules can influence the energy fluctuation of electrochemical equilibrium and formation of composite anodic oxide films. Moreover, composite anodic oxide films fabricated under the condition of 1.0–2.0 Hz exhibited the best wear resistance and corrosion property. The schematic diagram of the film formation and PTFE nanoparticles spreading process under different frequencies was elucidated.     

MEMS阳极键合界面层的力学行为研究进展

回顾了微纳机电系统(Micro/Nano electro mechanical system, MEMS/NEMS)器件工业中所用键合技术的发展和应用,总结了作为其中关键键合技术之一的阳极键合在微纳系统中的重要作用及其主要特点,分析了阳极键合的机理以及所涉及的力学问题,如键合力（静电力、表面力等）作用下的表面粘着;电场作用下接触界面处粒子的扩散、反应;键合界面层中的残余应力等。阳极键合界面层的力学行为及特性直接关系到MEMS器件中微机械结构的安全与可靠性。对这些问题的研究,有助于更好地理解阳极键合,为MEMS/NEMS器件的设计、制造加工以及实际应用提供许多有益参考。