航班在机场终端区时延解析计算的新方法

航班的空中等待时间和地面延迟时间是对航行系统进行评估的有效性指标 ,其计算目前普遍采用的是以 Monte-Carlo法为代表的一类统计计算方法 ,耗时过长是这类方法无法回避的缺陷。利用随机服务系统理论 ,详细分析了机场终端区的飞行、管制程序和空域结构 ,建立其运营模型 ,最终得出计算公式 ,成功地解决了快速分析计算航班等待和延迟的问题     

气动力对伞稳定下降阶段摆动的影响

为分析伞系统在稳定下降阶段运动稳定性,建立了5自由度的物伞模型,通过仿真发现具有不同气动力形式的物伞系统,其摆动情况有明显差异,并着重分析了气动力参数对物伞系统的摆动角度、频率的影响。     

离心力场下热驱动换热准则关系式的确定

建立了旋转条件下细微封闭循环通道中流体热驱动流动规律和换热特性的基本控制方程,并进行无量纲化,得到了影响流体热驱动换热的主要准则参数;在理论分析的基础上通过实验研究离心力场下以H2O为热驱动介质时各准则参数对换热的影响,拟合获得了离心力场下热驱动换热特性相似准则关系式。      

用子波系数概率密度函数研究湍流多尺度结构的间歇性

用热线风速仪在充分发展平板湍流边界层中测量流向速度信号的时间序列并进行湍流多尺度结构统计特性的实验研究。用热线风速仪以高于对应最小湍流时间尺度的分辨率精细测量风洞中平板湍流边界层不同法向位置的流向速度分量的时间序列信号,用子波分析对湍流脉动速度信号进行多尺度分解,将推广的自相似性(ESS)应用于子波分析。用子波系数的概率密度函数验证了多尺度相干结构对间歇性的影响,并证明与距壁面距离有关。对比研究了提取湍流边界层多尺度相干结构前后湍流多尺度结构函数间歇性的变化规律及概率密度函数的变化规律,验证了多尺度相干结构是湍流边界层产生奇异标度律的原因。当这些相干结构被分离出后,由子波系数计算的ESS标度律就回到K olm ogorov线性标度律,这一现象在整个湍流边界层都是很明显的。      

6-DOF formation keeping control for an invariant three-craft triangular electromagnetic formation

Spacecraft relative motion with inter-craft electromagnetic force has distinct advantages, and its invariant shapes that are convenient for formation keeping ensure some potential significant applications. However, the electromagnetic actuators affect both the relative trajectory and attitude motion, complicating related researches on issues of invariant shape design and formation control. In this paper, the formation keeping problem for an invariant three-craft triangular electromagnetic formation is investigated on the basis of a 6-DOF full nonlinear dynamic model. Moreover, a combined control scheme consisting of feed-forward and feed-back control components is proposed to handle the high nonlinearity, strong coupling, model uncertainties and external disturbances. The feed-forward component is obtained through desired invariant shape design which is complicated by the coupling and superposition effects of any two distinct magnetic dipoles, and the feed-back component is developed with a combination of linear feed-back controller by the LQR method and active disturbance rejection by the extended state observer. Finally, the numerical simulation is presented to verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed 6-DOF combined control scheme.     

弹射式导弹发射时载机动力学响应研究

建立了载机自然飞行时的动力学模型,并验证了该模型的有效性。同时为其设计了一套弹射式发射架,分析了在不同弹射力、不同弹射架位置参数条件下载机的动力学响应。研究结果表明,弹射力是保证载机与导弹安全分离的重要因素,对导弹的出舱速度影响较大,且弹射架沿载机纵向位置的改变对载机纵向运动影响明显,沿载机展向位置的改变对载机横航向运动影响显著。     

基于蒙特卡洛仿真的平行双跑道容量评估方法

跑道容量评估是科学评价跑道规划方案、合理安排航班时刻、精准实施流量管理的重要基础性工作.针对平行双跑道容量评估问题,分析了跑道容量影响因素,考虑到跑道分配、机型分配、起降类型分配、进离港点分配、航班流队列顺序等随机性,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟变量随机性,按照离散事件系统原理,递归计算每个航班的起降时刻,通过统计1h内的航班数量获得容量值.以西安机场双跑道为例,针对现行的相关进近、独立进近、隔离运行3种模式,分别计算了跑道容量值.仿真计算结果显示,相关进近模式容量60架次/h,独立进近模式跑道容量为78架次/h,隔离运行模式跑道容量为52架次/h,平均每次仿真时间仅为1 min,说明方法效率较高.与2015年高峰61架次/h相比仅相差1个架次,计算结果说明方法是有效的.     

Optimal motion cueing algorithm for accelerating phase of manned spacecraft in human centrifuge

This paper presents a novel optimal Motion Cueing Algorithm (MCA) to control the rotations of a Human Centrifuge (HC) and achieve the best simulation of a SpaceCraft (SC) motion. Relations of the specific forces sensed by astronauts of the SC and the HC have been derived and linearized. A Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller is implemented for the problem which tends to minimize the error between the two sensed specific forces as well as control input in a cost function. It results in control inputs of the HC to generate its sensed specific force as close as possible to the one in the SC. The algorithm is implemented for both linearized and nonlinear portions of a US space shuttle mission trajectory as a verification using MATLAB. In longitudinal direction, the proposed MCA, works well when the acceleration is less than 2g in which the tracking error does not exceed 12%. In lateral direction the tracking is much better even in nonlinear region since the error remains less than 7% for tilting up to 50°. Finally, the effect of weight matrixes in the LQR cost function on overall weight and power of the HC motion system is discussed.     

Feedrate scheduling method for constant peak cutting force in five-axis flank milling process

It is extremely important to select appropriate feedrates for the stable machining of parts with ruled surface in modern aviation industrial applications. However, the current studies take too much time to achieve this goal. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient feedrate optimization method for constant peak cutting force in five-axis flank milling process. The solution method of the instantaneous undeformed chip thickness (IUCT) is proposed using least squares theory with the cutter entry angle and feedrate as variables. Based on this method, an explicit analytical expression of the peak cutting force for each cutting point is established. Furthermore, a feedrate scheduling method is developed to quickly solve the appropriate feedrate under constant peak cutting force. To verify the proposed IUCT model, the fitting IUCT is compared with the accuracy data at different feedrates. Additionally, some experiments of five-axis flank milling are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the peak force model and the feedrate scheduling method. And the surface roughness before and after feedrate scheduling is detected. The results show that the proposed feedrate scheduling method can quickly adjust the feedrate and ensure constant peak force during machining. At the same time, the surface quality is kept at a high level.     

高超声速风洞气动力试验技术进展

高超声速技术是未来航空航天技术的制高点,而高超声速风洞气动力试验是为高超声速飞行器设计和性能评估提供可靠数据不可或缺的重要技术手段。介绍了高超声速气动力试验设备种类和国内外典型的风洞设备,并分析了目前的发展现状。对国内高超声速风洞气动力试验相关测量技术、试验技术、试验数据评估和高超声速气动力标模体系等研究进展进行了总结。同时,还就高超声速气动力试验设备、气动力试验相关技术的未来发展趋势进行了探讨。