微型脉冲推力器点火启动过程计算与点火药量选择

建立了微型脉冲推力器点火启动模型,模型中考虑了两相流动和颗粒对推进剂表面的冲击传热。根据数值计算结果,给出了不同产物颗粒含量下的点火药量选择参考范围。该参考范围对于产物颗粒含量小于50%的点火药是适用的;由于过多的颗粒含量将对装药表面产生强烈的热力冲蚀破坏作用,产物颗粒含量超过50%的点火药不适合微型火箭发动机。     

固体发动机喷管延伸锥展开前级间分离的热环境分析

通过FLUENT流场计算软件,采用RNGK k-ε湍流模型,针对带有延伸喷管的多级固体发动机级间热分离的热环境进行了数值分析。研究表明,延伸喷管尾流受到连接筒、前封头、延伸段的阻碍后,其流动特征变化显著,尤其在一级前封头的影响下形成回流,并在喷管内形成激波。计算得到的热环境参数,对发动机的热防护设计具有一定的参考价值。     

颈动脉内血流动力学特征受向前加速度影响的数值模拟

人们在日常或某些特殊条件下常会面临方向和大小发生迅速变化的加速度环境,已有研究发现加速度环境会影响心血管系统生理、病理特征。利用计算机模拟方法详细研究了向前加速度环境下人体颈动脉内的血流动力学参数变化规律。结果表明:加速度会对颈动脉内压力、压力梯度、壁面剪切应力等与血管生理、病理现象密切相关的血流动力学参数产生显著影响。研究结果为加速度环境下颈动脉生理、病理研究提供了一定的理论依据,也为航空航天领域加速度环境下人员防护提供参考。      

仿生光磁导航技术发展研究综述

仿生导航是在仿生技术基础上发展起来的新型导航技术方法,该方法融合了仿生技术的优点,因其抗干扰性强、适应范围广的特点,迎来了研究的热潮。从仿生光流导航、仿生偏振光导航、仿生类脑导航和仿生地磁导航四个角度对近年来大量的相关文献进行了综合性地整理和分析,阐述了其导航原理、发展现状和动态,对其未来的发展前景进行了展望,指出了限制现有技术的难点和瓶颈,对未来仿生导航技术的发展提供了参考,有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of observed ionospheric vertical TEC over the sea in Indian region with IRI-2016 model

The vertical ionospheric TEC values obtained from GAGAN grid based ionospheric delay correction values over the sea in the Indian equatorial region have been compared with the corresponding values derived from the International Reference Ionosphere model, IRI-2016. The objective of this work is to study the deviation of the vertical TEC derived from the IRI model from ground truths over the sea for different conditions. This will serve the basic intention of assessing the candidature of the IRI model as an alternative ionospheric correction model in navigation receivers in terms of accuracy. We have chosen different solar activity periods, seasons, geomagnetic conditions, locations etc. for our comparison and analysis. The TEC values by the IRI-2016 were compared with the actual measured values for the given conditions and errors were obtained. The measured vertical TEC values at the ionospheric grid points were derived from the GAGAN broadcast ionospheric delay data and used as reference. The IRI model with standard internal functions was used in estimating the TEC at the same ionospheric grid points. The errors in the model derived values are statistically analysed. Broadly, the results show that, for the Indian sector over the sea, the IRI model performs better on quiet days in off equatorial regions, particularly in the northern region. The overall performance degrades for other conditions with the model generally underestimating the true TEC values and most severely in the equatorial region. The performance is worst in this region for the disturbed days of the equinoctial period. The comparison study is also done with the TEC data measured directly by dual frequency GPS receivers. The results were found to be in general agreement with those obtained by comparing the model with GAGAN broadcast data as reference. This study will be useful in considering the IRI-2016 model for real time estimates of TEC as an alternative to the current parametric model in a satellite navigation receiver in absence of other options.     

基于伴随方法的单级低速压气机气动设计优化

采用梯度方法对某型4.5级压气机最后级进行气动设计优化研究，梯度由连续伴随方法计算确定，多排伴随方程采用伴随掺混面模型进行数值求解。首先，采用基于经验修正的初步设计方法设计带进口导叶的4.5级低速、低压缩比压气机的原始气动外形。之后，在压气机近失速工况对最后级静子叶片进行伴随气动设计优化，通过优化叶型和安装角降低流动损失，目标函数定义为加权求和形式的熵增和流量偏差，优化中对流量进行约束。最后，开展基于伴随方法的多工况气动设计优化研究，改善两个不同转速条件下最后级的气动性能。优化结果表明，基于伴随方法的多排气动设计优化可以通过改变叶片气动外形提升多排全工况气动性能。     

平板表面薄圆柱绕流摩擦力矢量场全局测量

针对壁面摩擦力矢量场测量问题,基于剪切敏感液晶(SSLC)涂层技术建立了一种测量平板表面摩擦力矢量场的方法。该方法基于多视角测量原理,采用六台同步相机从不同方向同时采集SSLC涂层在摩擦力作用下的颜色变化,与采用单台相机相比能够降低测量噪声,并且具有测量非定常流动的摩擦力场的潜力。应用该方法测量了平板表面薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,结果表明:(1)SSLC涂层能够以彩色方式定性显示壁面摩擦力信息;(2)通过对不同方向观测的SSLC涂层颜色进行分析处理,该方法能够高分辨率测量薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,详细地捕获了流动特征;(3)同一份SSLC涂层可以重复使用并且可用于测量不同的摩擦力矢量场。     

扩压叶栅叶尖非定常流动的涡动力学机理

为了揭示压气机叶尖区旋涡结构与流动非定常性之间的关联，采用URANS对一亚声速平面扩压叶栅在不同攻角下的流场进行了求解，并借助Q判据提取了叶尖瞬态涡系结构。结果表明：泄漏涡的破碎现象能够通过诱导新的涡结构间接作用于相邻通道的叶尖流动，是导致叶尖流场失稳的关键因素。在-0.3°和+0.7°攻角下，叶尖泄漏涡发生了螺旋破碎，并伴随有非定常诱导涡的出现，诱导涡对相邻叶片载荷的影响使得叶尖泄漏涡发生周期性摆动；在+1.7°攻角下，泄漏涡破碎会导致反流涡的形成，反流涡的输运会给叶片载荷和来流攻角带来非定常扰动，反过来又会作用于泄漏涡的破碎和反流涡的生成，最终表现为一种自维持的非定常流动现象。     

A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.     

Non-stationarity and cross-correlation effects in the MHD solar activity

The analysis of turbulent processes in sunspots and pores which are self-organizing long-lived magnetic structures is a complicated and not yet solved problem. The present work focuses on studying such magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) formations on the basis of flicker-noise spectroscopy using a new method of multi-parametric analysis. The non-stationarity and cross-correlation effects taking place in solar activity dynamics are considered. The calculated maximum values of non-stationarity factor may become precursors of significant restructuring in solar magnetic activity. The introduced cross-correlation functions enable us to judge synchronization effects between the signals of various solar activity indicators registered simultaneously.