固体火箭发动机点火瞬时内流场轴对称数值分析

应用流体计算软件(FLUENT),通过UDF(用户定义函数)编程,考虑了辐射热量的影响,对固体火箭发动机点火瞬时内流场进行了轴对称数值分析,得出了点火瞬时的压强．时间曲线、各时刻的流场和推进剂燃面上的辐射热量。从具体数值上分析了辐射热量对点火瞬时的影响。研究结果表明,该方法可较好地预示点火瞬时的内流场和压强变化情况。     

射流分配对喉道气动偏转矢量喷管的影响

采用基于雷诺平均的二维N-S方程和RNGk-ε湍流模型对二元喷管喉道气动偏转矢量控制时的流场进行了数值模拟,计算结果表明在小扩张比、短扩散段喷管上,在喉道气动偏转矢量控制方案下主流可以实现亚声速偏转。在此基础上数值分析了喉部和扩散段射流流量的分配对喷管流场的影响,研究表明要获得更大的推力矢量角,应该将更多的流量分配在扩散段射流缝处,经过计算得到较佳的扩散段射流流量和喉部射流流量分配比例大约为3∶1。     

Electric field and ion density anomalies in the mid latitude ionosphere: Possible connection with earthquakes?

The problem of earthquake prediction has stimulated the search for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospherical anomalies. We found observational evidence of possible earthquake effects in the near-equatorial and low latitude ionosphere; these ionospheric anomalies have been proposed by Gousheva et al. [Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov P., Hristov, P., Influence of earthquakes on the electric field disturbances in the ionosphere on board of the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite. Compt. Rend. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 58 (8) 911–916, 2005a; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Observation from the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite of anomalies associated with seismic activity. In: Poster Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies: Space in the Service of Society, RAST ‘2005, June 9–11, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 119–123, 2005b; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Satellite monitoring of anomalous effects in the ionosphere probably related to strong earthquakes. Adv. Space Res. 37 (4), 660–665, 2006]. This paper presents new results from observations of the quasi-static electric field and ion density on board INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite in the mid latitude ionosphere above sources of moderate earthquakes. Data from INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite and seismic data (World Data Center, Denver, Colorado, USA) for magnetically quiet and medium quiet days are juxtaposed in time-space domain. For satellite’s orbits in the time period 15.09–01.10.1981 an increase in the horizontal and vertical components of the quasi-static electric field and fluctuations of the ion density are observed over zones of forthcoming seismic events. Some similar post effects are observed too. The emphasis of this paper is put on the anomalies which specify the mid latitude ionosphere. The obtained results contain important information because they confirm our previous results for near-equatorial and low latitude regions.     

多层CT用数据采集系统的设计与测试

提出了一种多通道、高密度、高精度数据采集系统的设计方案.采用基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Arrays)内嵌软核的体系结构,实现了多通道数据的缓冲、格式转换、乒乓读写等流水操作,解决了多层CT(Computed Tomography)有限扫描时间内数据量大、时序要求严格和数据传输精确性要求高的问题;同时利用高精度电压源和精密电阻模拟了前端输入,设计了基于PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation)总线的虚拟仪器,精确测试了设计系统的性能且未额外引入噪声.方案已成功应用于多层CT中,同时也为数据采集提供一种借鉴.      

高比转速跨声离心/斜流压气机流动特点分析

以自行设计的多组高比转速跨声离心/斜流叶轮为例,采用数值模拟方法,在级环境下分析了其总体性能及内部流动机理.着重分析了不同设计方案对叶轮内部激波、叶尖泄漏及出口流场的影响.计算结果表明,合理控制叶轮进口激波、叶尖泄漏及二次流损失,能够明显提高叶轮效率;斜流压气机在高比转速下具有明显的优势.     

Effective non-vertical and apparent cutoff rigidities for a cosmic ray latitude survey from Antarctica to Italy in minimum of solar activity

In this paper we will report the results of the computation of cutoff rigidities of vertical and non-vertical incident cosmic ray particles. Non-vertical effective cutoff rigidities have been computed by tracing particle trajectories through the “real” geomagnetic magnetic field comprising the International Geomagnetic Reference Field model (IGRF95, IAGA Division 5 Working Group 8, 1996: Sabaka, T.J., Langel, R.A., Baldwin, R.T., Conrad, J.A. The geomagnetic field, 1900–1995, including the large scale fields from magnetospheric sources and NASA candidate models for the 1995 IGRF revision. J. Geomag. Geoelect. 49, 157–206, 1997.) and the Tsyganenko [Tsyganenko, N.A. A magnetospheric magnetic field model with a warped tail current sheet. Planet. Space Sci. 37, 5–20, 1989.] magnetosphere model. The computation have been done for the backward route (from Antarctica to Italy) of the Italian Antarctic ship survey 1996–1997, for geographic points corresponding to the daily average coordinates of the ship; for zenith angles 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°, and azimuth angles from 0° to 360° in steps of 45°. By means of the obtained non-vertical cutoffs the apparent cutoff rigidities have been calculated. The information on integral multiplicities of secondary neutrons detected by the neutron monitor in dependence of the zenith angle of incoming primary cosmic ray particles have also been used. This information is based on the theoretical calculations of meson-nuclear cascades of primary protons with different rigidities arriving to the Earth’s atmosphere at the zenith angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 75°. The difference between the computed apparent and vertical cutoff rigidities reaches ∼1 GV at rigidities >7–8 GV. At rigidities of 10–16 GV, the difference between the apparent and vertical cutoff rigidities is larger than that obtained earlier by Clem et al. [Clem, J.M., Bieber, J.W., Duldig, M., Evenson, P., Hall, D., Humble, J.E. Contribution of obliquely incident particles to neutron monitor counting rate. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 26919–26926, 1997.] and Dorman et al. [Dorman, L.I., Villoresi, G., Iucci, N., Parisi, M., Tyasto, M.I., Danilova, O.A., Ptitsyna, N.G. Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996–1997), 3. Geomagnetic effects and coupling functions. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 21047–21056, 2000.].     

基于DSP和FPGA技术的细胞图像采集系统设计

细胞学研究领域中需要对大量细胞的生长情况进行长期的在线跟踪、记录和分析,针对细胞图像采集和处理中的数据量大、采样频率高、运算复杂等问题,设计了一种新颖的细胞图像采集系统,讨论了DSP(Digital Signal Processor)处理系统和FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Arrays)逻辑控制系统设计中的关键技术问题,以及JPEG图像压缩算法的实现问题.系统主要由视频解码芯片、FPGA以及DSP等组成,具有功能集成、结构简单、编程灵活的特点,能够实现对大量细胞进行长期观测记录的图像采集,以及后期图像数据处理的功能.      

纵列式直升机双旋翼流场特性的自由尾迹分析

将旋翼尾迹模型与旋翼配平模型进行耦合求解,建立了一个分析纵列式双旋翼流场的迭代计算方法.为充分模拟双旋翼的干扰影响及桨尖三维效应,使用了畸变的自由尾迹模型,桨叶模型则采用升力面/涡格方法.应用该耦合方法,计算分析了纵列式直升机双旋翼在干扰状态下的尾迹结构及旋翼重叠区域的流场特性,并与单旋翼做了比较.计算表明,悬停时,纵列式双旋翼重叠区下方的下洗速度大于单副旋翼的诱导速度,但小于两副旋翼诱导速度的简单迭加;前飞时,随飞行速度的增大,尾迹重叠区域减小,两副旋翼相互间的干扰也逐渐减弱.     

某型民机着陆构型粘性气动力计算

采用ICEM对某型民机着陆构型进行多块结构化点对点网格剖分,运用基于N-S方程的WISE MAN PLUS软件对该构型低速粘性复杂流场进行数值模拟.在进场条件下,计算的升力和试验值误差在3.8%以内,俯仰力矩和试验误差在3.6%以内;计算与试验失速迎角差别在1°左右,最大升力系数较试验小6.3%.同时还给出了一些流场显示结果,对复杂流场进行了机理分析.计算与风洞试验结果符合较好,满足工程需要.     

二维非结构网格的可压缩Euler方程流场解

讨论了非结构网格的生成方法,用Delaunay三角化方法和推进阵面法相结合的方法生成了非结构网格,提高了生成非结构网格的自动化程度和网格的质量.用有限体积法在非结构网格中求解了二维可压缩Euler方程,给出了单段翼形和两段翼型的算例,并与实验结果进行了比较和分析.