Orbital evolution studies of two HMXB pulsars

High mass X-ray binary (HMXB) pulsars are of two types, persistent and transient. 4U1538−52 is a persistent HMXB whose orbit was previously measured to be circular but the RXTE observations revealed an eccentric orbit. We observed this system with RXTE-PCA in August 2003 and our timing analysis supports the eccentric orbit of the system. However, we do not find any evidence for orbital evolution.

Rotational and tidal interactions between the stars of a closed binary system result in apsidal motion which can be measured in systems with eccentric orbit. 4U0115+63 is a Be-transient HMXB whose eccentric orbit was well-determined during its 1978 outburst. We report preliminary results from analysis of data obtained during the 1999 outburst of this source with the RXTE-PCA.     

Effects of the photo-ionized absorber on the continuum spectra of EXO 0748–676

We report on the analysis of XMM-Newton archival data of EXO 0748–676. We studied changes of the continuum spectra due to the presence of photo-ionized plasma on the line of sight. We show that the ionization degree of the plasma could change largely during the X-ray bursts and the dips. These changes can significantly modify the soft-band spectrum, which was in fact observed from EXO 0748–676. We discuss the effect of the photo-ionized plasma on the continuum spectra in comparison with a frequently used model such as partial covering absorption.     

Superclustering of galaxies and X-ray sources

An attempt is made to compare optical properties of Abell clusters with X-ray sources.     

Development of x-ray mirrors for high-energy astrophysics in czechoslovakia

The grazing incidence X-ray mirrors with diameters between 20 and 240 mm were produced by two different replica techniques. Five mirrors were flown in space experiments. It has been confirmed that the galvanoplastic replica mirrors are well suited for applications in space telescopes and laboratory microscopes.     

The structure and effects of cooling flows in clusters of galaxies

Rapidly cooling gas is commonly found near the centres of clusters of galaxies. The structure of the resulting gas flows is reviewed. Total gas cooling rates of several hundred M yr⁻¹ have been observed in a number of cases. Thermal instability and the ultimate fate of the cooled gas are discussed. The cooled gas could easily have formed a massive central galaxy.     

高能(450 kV)X射线参考辐射场附加过滤研究

利用MCNP程序对450kV X光机建立模型，计算各参考辐射质下的原级谱、平均光子能量。对ISO 4037-1中已有范围的管电压与附加过滤片厚度关系曲线进行二次拟合，确定模拟厚度范围。利用MCNP计算各附加过滤组合下的平均光子能量值，并与外推法得出的平均光子能量值进行对比，将相对偏差最小时的附加过滤作为最终确定值。从部分能量点的模拟与测量结果的对比可看出，模拟得出的平均光子能量在2%以内与PTB及中国计量院测量结果保持一致，附加过滤最大相对偏差为18%。     

一个太阳硬X射线爆的观测特性

本文分析了1981年4月27日的一个特大高能爆发。它在硬X射线(HXR)、γ射线和微波(MW)记录上显示一一对应的多脉冲结构。文中讨论了这些脉冲的寿命、时延与HXR的能量、MW的波长之间的关系,发现时延量与湍动加速所预期的值相符合。提出了各脉冲期间的谱呈软→硬→软的演化,可能是由高能电子受到加速的看法。还对产生HXR的高能电子的谱指数、电子总数和MW源区的磁场也作了估计。      

双层钙钛矿(Sr2-xBax)FeMoO6的结构和电磁性能研究

利用X射线粉末衍射、Rietveld结构精修技术及电、磁测试等手段分别对（Sr2-xBax）FeMoO6（0≤x≤2）的晶体结构及电磁性质进行了研究。研究结果表明：对于掺杂含量x≤1．6的（Sr2-xBax）FeMoO6样品,其电阻率温度关系呈金属性,而对于掺杂含量x≥1．7的样品,其电阻率温度关系呈半导体性。居里温度Tc在x=0．4处出现极大值。     

脉冲星X射线数据处理与分析

综述了脉冲星X射线数据处理的基本方法和流程,对航天器观测到的X射线数据基本格式、原始数据处理、时间分析、谱分析等内容进行了概括性描述,并以美国航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA)的X射线探测任务NuSTAR(The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array)和NICER(Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer)为例,进行了数据处理的举例,得到了初步的处理结果,可为脉冲星导航和脉冲星天文研究提供参考。     

脉冲星非实时平差的火星探测自主导航模型

针对基于X射线脉冲星观测的火星探测器自主导航,研究了几种不同的实时自适应方法,包括:扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF),自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波(AEKF)和鲁棒自适应扩展滤波(RAEKF)。首先根据脉冲星导航原理,模拟了观测值:脉冲到达时刻;接着,分别利用扩展卡尔曼滤波,自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波和鲁棒自适应扩展滤波方法估算出探测器的位置和速度;最后,上述几种滤波轨道与STK模拟的标称轨道较差,然后比较它们的滤波精度发现:AEKF和RAEKF的精度相对较高,AEKF的三个轴向滤波位置精度达到:X轴优于100m、Y和Z轴优于30m,优于VLBI技术的km量级,和Doppler技术的精度相当。