Prediction of pilot workload in helicopter landing after one engine failure

This paper presents a method to predict the pilot workload in helicopter landing after one engine failure. The landing procedure is simulated numerically via applying nonlinear optimal control method in the form of performance index, path constraints and boundary conditions based on an augmented six-degree-of-freedom rigid-body flight dynamics model, solved by collocation and numerical optimization method. UH-60A helicopter is taken as the sample for the demonstration of landing after one engine failure. The numerical simulation was conducted to find the trajectory of helicopter and the controls from pilot for landing after one engine failure with different performance index considering the factor of pilot workload. The reasonable performance index and corresponding landing trajectory and controls are obtained by making a comparison with those from the flight test data. Furthermore, the pilot workload is evaluated based on wavelet transform analysis of the pilot control activities. The workloads of pilot control activities for collective control, longitudinal and lateral cyclic controls and pedal control during the helicopter landing after one engine failure are examined and compared with those of flight test. The results show that when the performance index considers the factor of pilot workload properly, the characteristics of amplitudes and constituent frequencies of pilot control inputs in the optimal solution are consistent with those of the pilot control inputs in the flight test. Therefore, the proposed method provides a tool of predicting the pilot workload in helicopter landing after one engine failure.     

异地遥测对接可行性探究

针对现有飞行器测控系统遥测对接试验周期长、效率低的不足,提出一种异地遥测对接方法.通过构建异地遥测对接系统结构,得到异地遥测对接信号链路模型.基于系统时钟抖动的频率、相位和采样时间表达形式,对异地遥测对接链路中的信号进行了具体推导.在此基础上,从频率和相位2个方面,定量分析了系统时钟抖动对异地遥测对接信号相参性的影响.分析结果表明：对于Ka频段信号,当应答机端异地遥测对接系统的时钟短期频率稳定度优于1×10^-11时,异地遥测对接系统引入的频率抖动△f≤0.6 Hz,相位抖动△φ≤0.075 rad,可认为异地遥测对接信号的相参性不受影响,异地遥测对接可行.     

一种基于小波变换的伪码跟踪环路多径抑制方法

多径效应是GPS等卫星导航系统的重要误差源之一,严重影响导航系统的性能。针对多径效应,在分析了多径信号模型和伪码自相关函数特征的基础上,提出了一种基于小波变换的多径抑制方法。该方法利用自相关函数曲线斜率突变点位置不受多径信号影响的特性,通过小波变换检测其斜率突变点位置,进而利用得到的鉴相误差调整码相位,达到多径抑制的目的。仿真结果表明,该方法不受多径条数的影响,鉴相结果更准确,多径抑制能力得到显著提高。
     

Near 13.5-day periodicity in Muon Detector data during late 2001 and early 2002

In this study we perform a continuous Morlet wavelet transform method in time series of secondary cosmic rays and 1 AU interplanetary medium parameters for the interval from October 2001 to October 2002. The near 13.5-day periodicity was obtained during late 2001, and it was remarkable for muon data. Even though some works have pointed out that the main activations of the 13.5 day recurrence in near-Earth solar wind are related, e.g., with the heliosheet crossings or to the occurrence at 1 AU of two high speed streams approximately 180° apart in solar longitude per solar rotation, we aim to show that the period of about half the solar rotation during the end months of 2001 present in muon time series was apparently due to the occurrence of non-recurrent interplanetary disturbances. The interconnections among successive Forbush decreases, recovery phases and gradual muon depressions (associated with corotating interaction regions) seem to play an important role in such 13.5-day periodicity.     

保持颜色一致性的动态电磁环境绘制算法

针对电磁环境绘制的研究现状,提出了保持颜色一致性的动态电磁环境绘制算法。明确了绘制中的颜色一致性原则:同一数据值对应同一颜色,绘制图像序列中颜色变化与数据变化保持一致。在颜色一致性分析的基础上,对静态电磁环境的绘制方法进行了修改,使其能够在绘制动态电磁环境时保持颜色的一致性。必要时,颜色与数据值的对应关系可以交互调整或自动调整,以适应数据场的值域变化。实验表明,算法能够在保持颜色一致性的情况下绘制动态电磁环境,直观显示其变化情况,便于用户观察和理解。同时算法可并行执行,在统一计算设备架构下具有较高的执行效率,利于算法的使用。      

基于截断重排的小波图像无损压缩算法

针对图像小波系数的能量聚集特性,提出一种基于截断重排的小波图像无损压缩算法。该算法在离散小波变换的基础上,对图像低频子带的小波系数先后按照大津法和希尔伯特曲线进行分类和重排,对图像各高频子带的小波系数分别根据信息熵代价函数进行自适应的奇异值截断变换,然后对截断重排后的所有小波系数进行熵编码,以实现图像无损压缩。实验结果表明,该算法实现简单,有效地降低了图像的编码比特率,提升了图像无损压缩的压缩比。     

基于声发射信号的高速铣削过程监测技术

叙述了如何将声发射技术应用于航空铝合金的高速铣削过程监测,介绍了监测装置硬件系统和信号数据采集平台的构成,最后运用小波分析进行信号分解,计算分解后的各频段能量,并从频段的能量对比中发现,信号能量可以作为刀具磨损的特征参数.     

Statistical analysis of the total electron content observed at 23°S in the Brazilian sector

The vertical total electron content (VTEC) time series obtained at São José dos Campos (23.2°S, 45.9°W), Brazil, were statistically analyzed to study the low latitude ionosphere in the Brazilian sector during the year of 2006 (a period of low solar activity). Statistical analysis showed that Probability Density Functions (PDFs) and kurtosis have an intermittent behavior on small-scales (periods from minutes to one day) and presence of two functions on large-scales (periods from 3 to 30 days). The skewness result suggests the presence of some kind of waves due to the action of tropospheric sources (lower atmospheric origin). Results obtained by wavelet transform show strong oscillations with scale-sizes between 3 and 30 days, possibly associated with the planetary oscillations. According to these statistical and wavelet analyses we conjecture that there exist two important factors regarding the ionospheric effects: one factor is due to turbulent states found in small scales and the other factor consists in a more or less deterministic state provided by planetary waves (3–16 days or full solar rotation (27–28 days)). Further, these strong oscillations were also noted in multifractal analysis. We found a decrease of multifractality degree of the same scale-sizes.     

基于小波矩特征和神经网络的灰度图像识别算法研究

小波矩结合了矩特征和小波特征,既反映了图像的全局性信息,又反映了图像的局域性信息,并且具有旋转、平移和缩放不变性。文章研究了基于小波矩的灰度图像特征提取算法,并将其与BP神经网络组合,利用神经网络的强学习能力和容错性,形成一个灰度图像识别系统。仿真实验表明,在图像失真较小的情况下识别率可达到100％,较之未提取特征的神经网络识别方法而言,网络收敛速度与识别精度都有较大的提高。     

转子故障的连续小波尺度谱特征提取新方法

引入图像分析方法,提出了直接从转子故障信号连续小波尺度谱中提取图像纹理特征的新方法.首先,通过转子故障模拟实验台采集了不平衡、不对中、碰摩及油膜涡动等典型故障信号;然后,分析了故障信号尺度谱的差别及所提取出的数字特征对故障的敏感性;最后用结构自适应集成神经网络进行了智能诊断实验,结果表明了本文所提出的尺度谱数字特征对转子故障诊断的有效性.