环境严酷性指数腐蚀当量方法及其应用研究

 建立统一的腐蚀损伤环境变量——环境严酷性指数（ESI）,并研究其在飞机结构耐久性设计中的应用。在材料/结构腐蚀与单一环境类型/要素/强度关系基础上,按照《由电化学测量值计算腐蚀率和相关量的标准方法》(ASTM G102 89),引入并给出相应的ESI,并在一定工程假设下,给出在综合环境(由不同环境类型/要素/强度组成)作用下的ESI。同时,在腐蚀损伤等效原则下,用标准的环境类型/要素/强度及其作用时间当量化地表征综合环境及相应的作用时间(即环境谱),为环境加速试验环境当量提供依据并形成环境当量谱以应用于飞机结构耐久性设计中的腐蚀防护与控制(EEF),评估结构的检查周期/日历寿命。根据相关试验结果计算了典型金属材料在不同环境中的环境严酷性指数及环境当量化系数(EEF), 给出了环境简化或折算的算例。     

基于BP神经网络的国防企业技术创新能力评价

结合自组织理论提出了国防企业技术创新评价体系,构建了BP神经网络模型,运用MATLAB软件进行了模型仿真.研究发现仿真结果与专家评价结果基本一致.可见,运用BP神经网络方法对国防企业技术创新能力进行评价有一定的通用性、便捷性和实用性.     

装备保障链敏捷性评价的指标体系及方法

装备保障链敏捷性评价是装备保障链敏捷化的先行条件。提出了装备保障链敏捷性的概念,建立了装备保障链整体和单元敏捷性的评价指标体系,并综合运用群体层次分析法和模糊综合评价方法对装备保障链敏捷性进行评价。研究结果为我军构建敏捷的装备保障链提供了理论与方法支持。     

Assessing ecohydrological factors variations and their relationships at different spatio-temporal scales in semiarid area,northwestern China

As a typical semiarid farming-pastoral ecotone sensitive to the environmennt, the Plain of West Liaohe Basin (WLBP) is currently experiencing drastic environmental changes. To identify how environmental change affect vegetation in the WLBP, we analysed spatiotemporal variation characteristics of Ecological environment factors based on monthly and annual air temperature (T), precipitation (P) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2015. And the correlations between them were investigated by correlation analysis (Simple correlation, partial correlation and complex correlation) at temporal and spatial scale. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation growth of the WLBP showed ameliorated trend, with a change rate of 0.004/yr.; (2) P was more sensitive to NDVI than T; (3) and the influence of hydrothermal changes on vegetation growth was more significant than that of the change of single climate factors at time scales; (4) the effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation change were 75.07% (1982–1993) and 98.08% (1994–2015), respectively. At the temp-special scales, P&T and land use type change (LUCC) were the main climatic and anthropogenic factors that affect vegetation changes, respectively.     

科技综合实力评估指标与数学模型

运用灰色系统原理和德尔菲法，建立了省级区域科技综合实力评估指标体系。在灰色定权聚类模型的基础上，提出了一种基于三角白化权函数的评估模型。     

太阳黑子数及Ap指数周期变化特征的小波分析

应用Morlet小波变换方法从多个变化尺度上对1932—2000年的太阳黑子数及Ap指数的变化特征进行分析．(1)太阳黑子数存在准11年、准32年的周期变化特征及Ap指数存在准32年、准11年、准6个月、准27天和准13．9天的周期变化特征；(2)太阳黑子数及Ap指数有着相似的准11年周期变化，但Ap指数极值的出现要比太阳黑子数极值出现滞后1—2年；(3)Ap指数准27天的周期变化在太阳黑子活动高、低年不同，在太阳活动低年，Ap指数有着较稳定的准27天周期变化，但在太阳活动高年，27天的周期变化几乎消失，这种周期变化的消失和出现时间可在Morlet小波变换图中体现出来。     

工艺资源负荷指数的估算方法研究

针对工艺资源的负荷均衡和资源利用情况,研究了工艺资源负荷问题,分析了工艺资源结构,建立了工艺资源信息模型,并给出了基于经验的工艺资源定额估算方法,建立了工艺资源负荷指数模型。算例证实了该模型的有效性。     

先进客机设计中油耗指标的分解方法

先进客机最重要指标之一是油耗指标。研究一种将油耗指标进一步分解为更为具体的发动机的耗油率指标、客机的升阻比指标和使用空重指标的方法。以典型中程客机为例，应用分段解析方法建立客机飞行剖面的燃油量计算程序。应用计算程序分别分析了发动机的耗油率、客机的升阻比和使用空重的变化对油耗的影响。在此基础上，对发动机的耗油率、客机的升阻比和使用空重的指标进行规划，以满足先进客机油耗指标的要求。研究结果为未来客机确定出合理的升阻比、耗油率和使用空重的指标提供了参考。     

Is the North Atlantic Oscillation modulated by solar and lunar cycles? Some evidences from Hurst autocorrelation analysis

Several studies have suggested that the Sun and Moon cycles affect the Earth climatic dynamics. Nevertheless, there is a long-standing controversy whether solar variability and tides can significantly generate climate change, and how this may occur. Spectral analysis of climatic indices has provided only indirect evidences of the effects of solar–tidal periodicities in the Earth climate. This work addresses the issue by considering the dynamics of the daily North Atlantic Oscillation index over the period from 1950 to 2009. In contrast to previous studies, this work proposes that external cycles can be detected in the autocorrelation dynamics rather than in the raw North Atlantic Oscillation index series. Here, the R/S-scaling analysis is used to quantify, via the so-called Hurst exponent, the presence of autocorrelations along the studied years. Fourier analysis scan of the autocorrelation series thus show two prominent spectral components near (±3%) the lunar tidal 4.425 and the solar 11 years cycles. Intermediate spectral components near 6.4, 7.75 and 8.9 years are proposed to be, at least partially, a result of energy capture from internal mechanisms into cycles resulting from the nonlinear resonance of the fundamental solar–tidal cycles. The dominant effect of the solar variability is clarified by showing that in about 70% of the studied period the sunspot number and the Hurst exponent phases are synchronized, indicating that a higher solar activity enhances the North Atlantic Oscillation index predictability.     

基于改进的PRI方法对植被冠层叶绿素含量的反演

叶绿素是植被光合作用的重要色素，对植被的健康状况有直接的指示作用。利用遥感技术准确、快速地获取植被叶绿素含量对精准农业具有重要意义。文章在对各种光化学植被指数（Photochemical Reflectance Index，PRI）与叶绿素含量进行敏感性分析的基础上，提取出对叶绿素变化较为敏感的组合形式，并考虑土壤背景的影响，提出了一种改进的PRI模型，同时利用在小汤山试验田获取的地面采样数据和实用模块化成像光谱仪（Operative Modular Imaging Spectrometer，OMIS）数据进行验证。结果表明，基于OMIS高光谱数据，模型能够很好地对植被冠层的叶绿素含量进行反演，反演的叶绿素含量与实测值具有较好的相关性。