基于熵权法改进的航班延误影响因素评估研究

随着航空运输业的不断发展,航班延误问题越来越受到重视,已成为社会的热点问题.通过实际运行的相关统计数据,研究影响航班延误的各项因素,提取主要因子,构建航班延误综合评价指标体系.用熵权法对航班延误的各项影响因子进行客观评价,建立了基于熵权法改进航班延误影响因素的综合评估模型,并利用1 000架次航班实例对模型的有效性进行了验证,研究结果表明评估模型客观、准确、有效.     

基于GPS信号的电离层S4指数计算方法研究

电波穿越电离层时,由于受到电离层不均匀结构的影响,电波的幅度、相位、时延等有时会发生快速抖动,这就是所谓的电磁波电离层闪烁现象.电离层闪烁会影响卫星通信系统的质量和导航系统的精度.本文分析了GPS信号研究电离层闪烁的基本原理,讨论了电离层闪烁监测中S4指数的计算方法及其修正方法.通过数据模拟,评估了原始S4指数计算方法及其修正方法的性能特点.针对原始S4指数计算方法及修正方法的不足,提出了一种新的修正方法,并采用实测GPS数据对上述方法进行了检验.结果表明,上述方法是有效的和可靠的.      

复方金钱草颗粒抑制草酸钙结石形成的化学模拟

本文研究了不同剂量的复方金钱草溶液对草酸钙亚稳溶液中可溶性钙离子浓度的影响,当加入剂量从0 mL增加到35.0 mL时,草酸钙亚稳溶液中钙离子浓度从0.1966 mmol/L增加至0.5564 mmol/L,且草酸钙亚稳溶液中的钙离子浓度与复方金钱草的加入量呈线性关系。而且,随着复方金钱草浓度的增加,一水草酸钙晶体生长抑制指数增大。     

飞机座舱工效学综合评价研究及其应用

飞机座舱工效学综合评价是座舱研制中一个极其重要的问题.以往座舱研制过程中往往为其工程质量提出种种衡量标准而忽视了工效学综合评价,常导致设计出的座舱存在不少工效学方面的问题,原因在于没有合适的、可操作的评价方法和评价指标来指导座舱的工效学评价.针对此问题,提出了一种综合评价的方法体系.该体系能够实现征求和提炼专家群体的意见,考虑了工效学评价的模糊性,能较客观、科学的对飞机座舱工效学进行定量地综合评价,为比较类似设计方案的优劣提供了理论基础和方法.应用此方法,结合研究项目,对某型号飞机座舱尺寸设计的工效学进行了评价.评价结果得到了航空工程部门专家的认可.     

The effect of collisions in ionogram inversion

The results of this paper demonstrate that the effect of collisions on the group refraction index is small, when the ordinary ray is considered. If, however, in order to improve the performance of a system for automatic interpretation of ionograms, the information contained in ordinary and extraordinary traces is combined, the effect of collisions between the electrons and neutral molecules should be taken into account for the extraordinary ray. The magnitude of these differences is generally very small and must be compared with the resolution in the virtual vertical height of the ionosonde, resolution which is typically of the order of few kilometers.     

Prediction of clear-sky biologically effective erythematic radiation (EER) From global solar radiation (250–2800 nm) at Cairo,Egypt

The hourly and daily measured clear-sky global solar radiation (G) and biologically important effective erythematic radiation (EER) incident on a horizontal surface at Cairo, Egypt (latitude 30° 05′ N & Longitude 31° 15′ E), during the period from January 1995 to December 2005 are used in this paper. The relationship between daily integrated totals of EER and the daily totals of broadband global solar radiation (250–2800 nm) is established. The temporal variability of the percentage ratio of the total daily erythema to total daily broadband solar global irradiation (EER/G) is determined. The monthly and the seasonal averages of the extraterrestrial UVB solar radiation, Mesurad and estímated UVB solar radiation and clearness index K_tUVB of UVB radiation are discussed. The average monthly mean variation of slant ozone (Z) and UVB transmission (K_tUVB) at the present work are found. The two variables show an opposite seasonal behavior, and the average monthly of slant ozone column and UVB transmission values shows the relationship between them in a clearer way than those of daily values. The estimated values of UVB solar radiation a good agreement with the measured values of the UVB solar radiation, the difference between the estimated and measured values of UVB solar radiation varies from 1.2% to 2.8%. The effect of the annual cycles of solar zenith angle (SZA) and total column ozone (TCO) on the ratios (EER/G) are presented and the correction factors are determined for removal of the ozone cycle. The seasonal variability of EER/G is also discussed. The effect of the annual cycles of solar zenith angle (SZA) and total column ozone (TCO) on the ratios (EER/G) is presented and the correction factors are determined for removal of the ozone cycle.     

Time series modeling and analysis of trends of daily averaged ionospheric total electron content

A 10.7 cm solar radio flux F10.7, geomagnetic planetary equivalent amplitude (Ap index), and period variations were considered in this paper to construct a linear model for daily averaged ionospheric total electron content (TEC). The correlation coefficient of the modeled results and International GNSS Service (IGS) observables was approximately 0.97, which implied that the model could accurately reflect the realistic variation characteristics of the daily averaged TEC. The influences of the different factors on TEC and its characteristics at different latitudes were examined with this model. Results show that solar activity, annual and semiannual cycles are the three most important factors that affect daily averaged TEC. Solar activity is the primary determinant of TEC during periods with high solar activity, whereas periodic factors primarily contribute to TEC during periods with minimum solar activity. The extent of the influences of the different factors on TEC exhibits obvious differences at varying latitudes. The magnitude of the semiannual variation becomes less significant with the increase in latitude. Furthermore, a geomagnetic storm causes an increase in TEC at low latitudes and a decrease at high latitudes.     

基于位姿测量不确定度的飞机对接质量评估

针对基于位姿的数字化测量辅助飞机大部件对接技术的发展与应用,对位姿测量不确定度以及基于不确定度的质量评价方法进行了研究.给出了数字化对接环境下大部件位姿的数学表达形式及意义.提出了基于协方差矩阵的位姿测量不确定度解析算法,并通过仿真算例与蒙特卡洛仿真法进行了对比,验证了该算法的有效性.给出了飞机大部件对接过程数字化测量工艺能力指数的概念,用于对测量结果的可信性进行评价;通过构建位姿测量不确定度与对接质量评估指标间的映射关系,提出了一种基于位姿测量不确定度的大部件对接质量评估方法,并以机翼-机身对接过程为案例,对方法的可行性、算法的有效性进行了验证.     

Soybean cultivation for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs): The effect of hydroponic system and nitrogen source

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the plant species selected within the European Space Agency (ESA) Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) project for hydroponic cultivation in Biological Life Support Systems (BLSSs), because of the high nutritional value of seeds. Root symbiosis of soybean with Bradirhizobium japonicum contributes to plant nutrition in soil, providing ammonium through the bacterial fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two hydroponic systems, Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and cultivation on rockwool, and two nitrogen sources in the nutrient solution, nitrate (as Ca(NO₃)₂ and KNO₃) and urea (CO(NH₂)₂), on root symbiosis, plant growth and seeds production of soybean. Plants of cultivar ‘OT8914’, inoculated with B. japonicum strain BUS-2, were grown in a growth chamber, under controlled environmental conditions.     

On the mid-latitude ionospheric storm association with intense geomagnetic storms

The bulk association between ionospheric storms and geomagnetic storms has been studied. Hemispheric features of seasonal variation of ionospheric storms in the mid-latitude were also investigated. 188 intense geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤ 100 nT) that occurred during solar cycles 22 and 23 were considered, of which 143 were observed to be identified with an ionospheric storm. Individual ionospheric storms were identified as maximum deviations of the F2 layer peak electron density from quiet time values. Only ionospheric storms that could clearly be associated with the peak of a geomagnetic storm were considered. Data from two mid-latitude ionosonde stations; one in the northern hemisphere (i.e. Moscow) and the other in the southern hemisphere (Grahamstown) were used to study ionospheric conditions at the time of the individual geomagnetic storms. Results show hemispheric and latitudinal differences in the intensity and nature of ionospheric storms association with different types of geomagnetic storms. These results are significant for our present understanding of the mechanisms which drive the changes in electron density during different types of ionospheric storms.