缝隙式机载真空压力调节活门的研制与设计

针对Cessna(塞斯纳)172R飞机真空系统故障率高的现象,研究了现有机载真空压力调节活门的结构特点,为该机型的真空系统设计一种缝隙式真空压力调节活门,该活门可视情况及时地清除缝隙部位污物,从而降低真空系统的故障率,提高飞机的安全性。     

磁过滤直流真空阴极弧制备类金刚石膜的结构和力学性能研究

采用磁过滤直流真空阴极弧沉积技术在硅片、不锈钢片基体上制备了类金刚石(DLC)膜。检测结果表明,膜中存在着微米级的大颗粒分布,膜厚为290nm,sp3键的含量为62.23%。所制备的薄膜具有典型的DLC膜Raman光谱特征,耐磨性能优良,膜与基体的结合性能良好。     

真空计量概述

近代真空技术作为一种实用的基础技术,由于它提供了稀薄的气体氛围和清洁的环境条件,获得了越来越广泛的应用。由此,对真空计量提出了不断增长的需要和发展。现在,它已成为计量学的一个新的独立分支。     

S-08钢真空熔模精密铸造工艺研究

通过工艺试验和系统分析,研究出一套用真空感应铸造炉生产S-08钢铸件的工艺方法,解决S—08钢真空熔模精密铸造过程中的关键工艺技术问题,使S-08钢铸造的液氧／煤油发动机低压壳体、氧主阀下壳体等关键铸件满足高压、高冲击的负荷指标。     

大型高低真空两用电子束焊机的结构设计

大型高低真空电子束焊机是用于焊接通信卫星钛合金燃料贮箱和气瓶焊缝的专用设备。它是在吸取国内外同类真空电子束焊机优点的基础上确立了新的结构方案而研制成功的。重点就该机的基本工作原理、技术性能、结构特点等作概括介绍。     

OSIRIS-REx low-velocity particles during outbound cruise

We analyzed high-angular rate streaks first recorded by OSIRIS-REx’s MapCam during a 2017 search for Earth Trojan asteroids. We interpret them as water-ice particles that translated across the imager’s field of view, originating from the spacecraft itself. Their translation velocities approximated 0.1–1?m/s based on reasonable conclusions about their range. Pursuing several lines of investigation to seek a coherent hypothesis, we conclude that the episodic releases of the water ice particles are associated with spacecraft attitudes that resulted in solar illumination of previously shadowed regions. This correlation suggests that the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft itself possesses micro-climatic zones consisting of hot regions and cold traps that may temporarily potentially pass volatiles back and forth before losing most of them.     

沸石分子筛对航天器分子污染物的吸附性能研究

针对空间环境中有机污染物沉积在航天器敏感部件上造成相关功能失效问题,提出一种利用沸石分子筛多孔结构在轨清除有机污染物的新方法。研究了真空环境中,Naβ、NaY、13X三种分子筛对某型号电缆真空放气产物的吸附能力,结果表明13X的吸附能力优于其它两种分子筛,饱和吸收率为14.03%。将其作为分子吸附器的吸附材料应用到航天器易污染的部位,将会有效控制航天器在轨运行的污染水平,提高可靠性。     

Experimental investigation on deformation behavior of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant subjected to principal stress rotation

The knowledge of mechanical properties of lunar soil is of fundamental importance for the coming exploration of the Moon. This paper aims to investigate the fundamental deformation behavior of lunar soil and the effects of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress during the principal stress rotation. First, an improved technique was proposed to generate homogeneous samples based on the Multi-layer Undercompaction Method. Second, three series of tests on TJ-1 lunar soil simulant under the principal stress rotation were performed with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Tongji University, China. In each series of tests, only one value of the three variables mentioned above was changed while the others were kept constant. The test results demonstrate that the rotation of principal stress can result in significant plastic deformation, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality (non-coincidence of the increment direction of principal plastic strain with the principal stress direction) of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant. In addition, it is found that the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress have different influences on the four strain components, i.e. _εz,_εr,_εθ${\epsilon }_z\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\text{r}}\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\theta }$ and _γzθ${\gamma }_{z\theta }$, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality during the principal stress rotation. The influence of deviatoric stress ratio is relatively stronger than the others. Therefore, the influence of principal stress rotation on the deformation behavior of lunar soil should be taken into account carefully in the design and construction of facilities on the lunar surface in the future.     

真空环境下行波型超声波电机的特性

真空环境下由于缺少空气介质,靠摩擦驱动的超声波电机的特性会与常态 下发生较大的变化。采用行波型超声波电机常用的三种摩擦材料（环氧树脂、聚四氟乙 烯烧结和生聚四氟乙烯填充为基的摩擦材料）对比分析了常态和真空环境下的超声波电机的 机械特性。发现除环氧胶外,其他摩擦材料制成的电机真空下的堵转力矩都有所增大,而空 载转速全部降低。为了分析变化产生的原因,实验比较了真空环境下三种摩擦材料在常规、 驻波和行波状态下的动摩擦系数,实验表明除环氧胶外其它摩擦材料的摩擦系数比常态下都 略有增大,且相应电机的堵转力矩也都增大。其次实验研究了行波型超声波电机的瞬态特性 ,当真空度增加到10 -2 Pa后,电机的起动时间和起动电压都有明显的增加,即电 机起动和运行的阻力逐步增大,导致电机空载转速的降低。最后测试了声悬浮力大小,其数 值不超过预紧力的1％,不是真空环境下特性变化的主因。导致电机真空环境下堵转力 矩和空载转速发生变化的主要原因在于摩擦材料动态摩擦系数和起动与运行阻力的变化。     

Performance of a small and low-cost chamber to simulate lunar surface environment

The performance of a small and low-cost metal chamber built to simulate the pressure and temperature conditions of lunar surface was assessed and the results are presented. This chamber is intended for studying the physical properties of lunar surface and subsurface (using soil simulants) and also to validate the technology readiness of certain newly developed payloads planned for future lunar surface missions (Lander/Rover). It is possible to reach down to ∼10⁻⁷ Pa under specific conditions and maintain the temperature of the sample under investigation to lunar day and night temperatures. The designed system has been subjected to various tests to evaluate its performance and suitability for carrying out experiments in a simulated lunar environment.