燃油系统汽液比计算方法

汽液比是直升机燃油系统设计的重要参数之一。对于正常燃油及宽馏份燃油,因其空气溶解系数及真实蒸汽压力的差别,导致计算方法的不同。针对两种不同类型燃油的特性,给出了不同的计算公式,以及汽液比计算公式中参数的确定方法、使用限制。     

Multi-objective output-feedback control for microsatellite attitude control: An LMI approach

Mixed H₂/H_∞ output-feedback controller with pole placement constraints against the internal uncertainty of moment-of-inertia variation and space environmental disturbances is proposed for mircosatellite attitude control. The multi-objective controller is designed based on linear model of attitude dynamics. The H_∞ performance takes into account both robustness stability against moments-of-inertia uncertainty and the disturbance rejection aspect. H₂ performance takes into account the LQG aspect which avoids the undesirable wheels’ saturation effect. In addition, the closed-loop poles can be forced into some sector of the stable half-plane to obtain well-damped transient responses. The problem is then reduced to a convex optimization involving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), so it can be efficiently solved. The simulation results demonstrate that the presented mixed H₂/H_∞ control system is robust stable and optimal in the sense of H₂ norm, and has good steady-state and dynamic performances against the parameter uncertainties and various disturbances for the microsatellite attitude control system.     

Q/V频段电磁波在等离子体鞘套下的传输特性

高超声速飞行器再入地面时,由于飞行器表面等离子体电子密度分布不均匀,因此从背风面向天基中继卫星传输,可避开迎风面的高电子密度,并以Q/V频段为测控频段,经中继卫星转发至地面测控站。本文以波阻抗方法为基础,分析了Q/V频段在不同等离子体参数下的传输特性,并仿真了等离子体对Q/V频段天线波束指向的影响。结果表明：Q/V频段在等离子体中穿透性更好,可在更高的等离子体电子密度和碰撞频率下保持较低的衰减值。但Q/V频段下的天线波束指向偏差较大,随着频段的提高和入射角度的减小,偏差值逐渐减小。因此,应用Q/V频段,通过中继卫星转发实现实时通信,有利于缓解再入飞行器“黑障”现象。     

民用飞机设备和管线路设计优化工具的研究

为了解决飞机研发过程中,管线路及设备设计自动化程度低的问题。基于CATIA V5进行二次开发,使用API接口和VB语言实现相关工具的搭建,并主要在以下几个方面开展研究：一是在飞机初步设计阶段进行设备的快速布置;二是基于电气设备及周围零部件的空间布置,进行单一DMU管线路通道拓扑,通过EWIS隔离代码定义,规划线束通道的类型,自动分析通道之间的物理隔离距离,并依据EWIS隔离要求规范与自动分析的物理隔离距离进行分析,从而输出全机管线路通道之间的间隙检查结果及分析报告,为后续的通道拓扑优化提供相应的接口及设计规范;三是进行主通道及分支通道拓扑,通过定义通道的直径、通道内布置线缆的规格及不同形式布线的概率,开发工具自动计算EWIS线缆的总长度,并由公式快速计算出该线缆敷设方案的重量,供全机设计时参考。     

激光增材制造钛合金构件的化学抛光工艺研究

采用HNO3-HF抛光液对激光选区熔化钛合金制件进行化学抛光,以试样表面粗糙度、减薄及失重变化为指标探究了抛光过程中不同温度和时间对钛合金增材制件抛光效果的影响。通过电化学测量、拉伸试验、残余应力测试等方法对比分析了化学抛光前后钛合金试样的电化学和力学性能。结果表明在温度30℃、反应时间10min下抛光钛合金可以取得较理想的抛光效果,试样表面粗糙度减小、耐腐蚀性能提高。化学抛光后钛合金的强度出现小幅下降,内部原有的残余应力由拉应力转变为压应力。     

VFC在捷联惯导数据采集系统中的应用

介绍一种以压频转换来实现捷联惯性制导系统惯性器件信号采集的方法。在本系统中以TI公司的TMS320C6711 DSP器件为核心,采用VFC型ADC转换器件AD652,利用可编程的定时器/计数器芯片8253对AD652的输出脉冲串进行计数。对系统硬件平台的方案设计和软件设计进行了分析。分析结果表明,本系统充分利用了压频转换芯片抗干扰能力强、应用灵活的优点,满足了导弹捷联惯性制导数据采集系统可靠性高的要求。     

Influence of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic-assisted vibration on micro-hole drilling Ti-6Al-4V

As Ti-6Al-4V is a typical hard to machine material, especially in micro drilling aviation parts, chip breaking difficulty is of increasing interest to explore its further development. In this study, Longitudinal-Torsional Ultrasonic Assisted Drilling (LTUAD) was employed to machine Ti-6Al-4V, and its feasibility was evaluated by comparing with Conventional Drilling (CD). By combining periodical characteristics and vibration models (the separated or the unseparated ultrasonic elliptical vibration), the influence of ultrasonic frequency on the intersection characteristics of trajectories were analyzed. And the intersection characteristics were divided into four categories: even periodicity, odd periodicity, non-odd and even periodicity and composite periodicity, indicating different capability for chip breaking. By applying the longitudinal-torsional compound vibration horn, the micro-hole drilling experiment was carried out on machining center. The chip morphology, the thrust force, and the burr height were discussed. Experimental results showed that the morphology of chips presented as smaller and more fragmentary ones in LTUAD compared with continuous helical conical ones and fold-shaped ones in CD. Compared with CD, the average values of the thrust force in LTUAD reduced by 1.98% to 24.9%. According to the burr around the hole exit in both LTUAD and CD, the height of the latter was greatly affected by the drilling parameters. And the burr around the exit of the hole were distributed rather evenly with smaller extension in LTUAD. Consequently, the LTUAD employed in micro-hole drilling was effective.     

TC4激光选区熔化/同轴送粉成形连接的力学性能研究

对TC4选区熔化/同轴送粉成形连接件的拉伸性能和疲劳性能进行研究.通过对比不同线能量密度参数下拉伸试验数据,得到线能量密度对TC4成形连接件拉伸性能的影响规律.通过对比相同应力水平下成形连接件与母材的中值疲劳寿命和疲劳极限,获得成形连接件相对母材疲劳特性的衰减程度.采用当量Kt法对成形连接件的疲劳性能进行表征,得到成形...     

基于CATIA V5的三维数字化通用零部件/标准件库的创建与使用

从简略介绍中国直升机设计研究所开发完成的"直升机三维数字化通用零部件/标准件库"的应用实例入手,重点阐述了基于CATIA V5版本的三维通用零部件/标准件库的创建方法,并从使用角度说明了该库的安装、调用与查询功能.     

涡轮叶栅端壁二次流动与换热的V2F模拟

针对低展弦比涡轮叶栅端壁区亚声速流动及换热,采用基于线性涡黏假设的V2F模型开展了数值模拟.结果表明：涡轮叶栅流动中存在马蹄涡、通道涡、压力侧角涡、吸力侧角涡等多种复杂涡系结构,其中马蹄涡与通道涡是涡轮叶栅二次损失的主要来源.端壁换热与马蹄涡及通道涡强度及位置直接相关,并呈现明显的分区特征.端壁极限流线结果显示,V2F模型模拟的端壁单马蹄涡分离线与实验结果吻合,优于SST （shear stress transport）k-ω模型模拟的端壁双马蹄涡分离线.V2F模型引入了新的湍流尺度,在马蹄涡及通道涡位置、端壁静压损失系数分布、叶栅出口总压损失分布及端壁Standon数分布等方面均与实验结果吻合较好,对叶栅气动损失及端壁换热有良好的预测能力.