MD-140导电胶粘剂性能测试及分析

文章简要介绍了航天器常用导电胶粘剂的成分和功能原理,研究了MD-140 导电胶粘剂的基本性能以及经过温度循环试验、粒子辐照试验后其力学性能、导热性能和导电性能的变化情况。从导电胶粘剂内部结构角度出发,对其性能的环境退化机理进行分析探讨。结果表明:高低温循环试验后,导电胶的黏结性能变强,导电性能变差,导热性能变化不显著;粒子辐照试验后,导电胶的黏结性能和导电性能变差,导热性能变化不显著。     

电子照射对硅漂移探测器性能的影响

由于高能电子辐射的长期照射,新一代太阳X射线探测器硅漂移传感器的探测性能可能发生变化.通过用电子放射源模拟空间电子对硅漂移探测器进行辐射照射试验,以测试电子照射对传感器能量分辨率、效率、信号幅度等性能的影响.试验结果表明,长期的电子照射造成硅漂移探测器面损伤和体损伤,使其漏电流增大,信号幅度减小,能量分辨率也受到照射的影响,而探测效率未发生变化.     

A model of the effects of heavy ion radiation on human tissue

In heavy ion radiotherapy and space travel humans are exposed to energetic heavy ions (C, Si, Fe and others). This type of irradiation often produces more severe biological effects per unit dose than more common X-rays. A new Monte Carlo model generates a physical space with the complex geometry of human tissue or a cell culture based model of tissue, which is affected by the passage of ionizing radiation. For irradiation, the model relies on a physical code for the ion track structure; for tissues, cellular maps are derived from two- or three-dimensional confocal microscopy images using image segmentation algorithm, which defines cells as pixilated volumes. The model is used to study tissue-specific statistics of direct ion hits and the remote ion action on cells. As an application of the technique, we considered the spatial pattern of apoptotic cells after heavy ion irradiation. The pattern of apoptosis is modeled as a stochastic process, which is defined by the action cross section taken from available experimental data. To characterize the degree of apoptosis, an autocorrelation function that describes the spatial correlation of apoptotic cells is introduced. The values of the autocorrelation function demonstrate the effect of the directionality of the radiation track on the spatial arrangements of inactivated cells in tissue. This effect is intrinsic only to high linear-energy-transfer radiation.     

电子辐照对聚乙烯热缩套管力学性能的影响

利用45 keV,1 MeV和2 MeV电子分别对聚乙烯热缩套管进行辐照实验,研究不同能量电子辐照对聚乙烯热缩套管力学性能的影响,并分析电子辐照下材料的损伤效应机理,建立力学性能退化规律。结果表明：实验选定的3种能量电子辐照都会造成聚乙烯的降解,材料脆化产生裂纹,从而导致其力学性能下降;但是由于这3种能量电子穿透深度不同,45 keV电子只能造成聚乙烯热缩套管表层材料损伤,力学性能最大下降量只有30%~40%,而1 MeV和2 MeV电子却会导致套管力学性能完全丧失,力学性能下降接近100%。     

太阳活动与全球气候变化

太阳不断向地球辐射电磁波和粒子, 太阳辐射是地球气候系统最主要的能量来源. 地球气候系统对太阳活动的响应是一个复杂的过程, 包括辐射过程、动力学过程以及微观物理过程等. 根据太阳辐射的卫星观测结果和重建结果, 例举了古气候、温度、大气环流和云量等方面太阳影响气候的观测证据, 论述了太阳影响气候的三种可能机制, 即太阳总辐射变化可以影响地表温度, 并通过海-气耦合改变大气环流; 太阳紫外辐射通过调制平流层的温度和风场影响下面的对流层; 太阳通过行星际磁场调制银河宇宙线, 而银河宇宙线通过电离大气影响云量, 进而改变地球的能量收支.      

Prediction of shock-layer ultraviolet radiation for hypersonic vehicles in near space

A systemic and validated model was developed to predict ultraviolet spectra features from the shock layer of near-space hypersonic vehicles in the ‘‘solar blind" band region. Computational procedures were performed with 7-species thermal non-equilibrium fluid mechanics, finite rate chemistry, and radiation calculations. The thermal non-equilibrium flow field was calculated with a two-temperature model by the finite volume technique and verified against the bow-shock ultra-violet(BSUV) flight experiments. The absorption coefficient of the mixture gases was evaluated with a line-by-line method and validated through laboratory shock tube measurements. Using the line of sight(LOS) method, radiation was calculated from three BSUV flights at altitudes of 38,53.5 and 71 km. The investigation focused on the level and structure of ultraviolet spectra radiated from a NO band system in wavelengths of 200–400 nm. Results predicted by the current model show qualitative spatial agreement with the measured data. At a velocity of 3.5 km/s(about Mach11), the peak absolute intensity at an altitude of 38 km is two orders of magnitude higher than that at 53.5 km. Under the same flight conditions, the spectra structures have quite a similar distribution at different viewing angles. The present computational model performs well in the prediction of the ultraviolet spectra emitted from the shock layer and will contribute to the investigation and analysis of radiative features of hypersonic vehicles in near space.     

质子辐照对石英玻璃光学性能的影响

文章研究了不同注量与辐照能量的质子对JGS3石英玻璃辐照前后光学性能的影响,并对其规律进行了初步探讨。实验中采用UV-3101PC分光光度计对辐照前后石英玻璃的光学性质进行测量。研究结果表明:质子辐照使该玻璃产生着色现象,在200～800 nm波长范围内产生了明显的光吸收;辐照注量和辐照能量均对石英玻璃光吸收有影响,其中辐照注量的影响更加明显。     

典型CMOS存储器电离辐照效应

对电离辐照环境中典型CMOS存储器的辐照效应进行了研究。分析了SRAM,EEPROM,FLASH ROM存储器在^60Coγ射线辐照及辐照后不同退火过程中,CMOS存储器的集成度、辐照偏置、退火时间和温度与电离辐照效应的关系。结果发现：不加电（冷备份）状态的^60Coγ射线辐照过程中,存储器的逻辑状态翻转出现较正常工作状态推迟1个量级以上;随着集成度的提高,SRAM,EEPROM存储器的辐照敏感度降低;试验器件经不同剂量的^60Coγ射线辐照后在不同温度下退火,所有试验器件均出现了逻辑状态翻转。     

D/H and Nearby Interstellar Cloud Structures

Analysis of UV spectra obtained with the HST, FUSE and other satellites provides a new understanding of the deuterium abundance in the local region of the galactic disk. The wide range of gas-phase D/H measurements obtained outside of the Local Bubble can now be explained as due to different amounts of deuterium depletion on carbonaceous grains. The total D/H ratio including deuterium in the gas and dust phases is at least 23 parts per million of hydrogen, which is providing a challenge to models of galactic chemical evolution. Analysis of HST and ground-based spectra of many lines of sight to stars within the Local Bubble have identified interstellar velocity components that are consistent with more than 15 velocity vectors. We have identified the structures of 15 nearby warm interstellar clouds on the basis of these velocity vectors and common temperatures and depletions. We estimate the distances and masses of these clouds and compare their locations with cold interstellar clouds.     

DC Characteristics of Gamma-ray Irradiated SiGe HBT in Comparison with Si BJT

The changes of DC characteristics of SiGe HBT after being submitted to γ-ray irradiation of 700 krad, 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad were compared to those of Si BJT. Generally speaking, Ib and Ib–Ib0 increase with the doses increasing. For SiGe HBT, with the doses increasing, Ic and Ic–Ic0 as well as the related changes of the current gain (β) will decrease at higher Vbe, while for Si BJT, with the doses increasing, after irradiation, Ib and Ic–Ic0 increase; β and its related changes also decrease with their differences, however, tending to be very small at high doses of 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad. Moreover, given the same doses, the decreases of β are much larger than SiGe HBT, which shows that SiGe HBT’s anti-radiation performance proves to be better than Si BJT. Still, in SiGe HBT, some strange phe-nomena were observed: Ic–Ic0 will increase after the radiation of 7 000 krad in less than 0.65 V and as will β in less than 0.75 V. The mechanism of radiation-induced change in DC characteristics was also discussed.