柔性绳网动力学建模与天地差异性分析

采用有限元模型研究了柔性绳网系统的动力学特性。针对空间绳网直接弹射展开方式,首先将绳网离散为若干单元,各单元处理为非线性“半阻尼弹簧”模型,然后分别计算各单元所受气动力和重力,最终建立绳网系统多柔体动力学模型。基于所建立的动力学模型分别对柔性绳网在地面和太空展开的动力学过程进行了仿真分析,研究了绳网在展开面积、空间位形和飞行距离等方面的天地差异性及其动力学机理,为未来空间绳网系统的分析设计提供理论参考。     

自落式缓冲气囊仿真研究

缓冲气囊被广泛应用于武器装备及物资空投、航天器着陆回收、汽车安全气囊等领域。设计具有优良缓冲性能的气囊系统可以减小物品或乘员所受的冲击力,最大程度上避免了物资的损坏和乘员伤亡。文章以某型空投缓冲系统所用气囊作为研究对象,运用LS-DYNA有限元仿真软件,采用控制体积法对该气囊缓冲过程进行了数值模拟计算,同时,结合工程计算与试验测试,合理确定气囊设计中关键技术状态,获得了带有辅囊的自落式缓冲气囊设计思路与方法,提高了研制品质,节省了研制成本与周期。     

支架底座局部强度计算方法研究

近年来航天结构强度分析方法逐渐从工程算法发展到有限元计算方法。这两种方法在强度分析中各自有其优缺点。针对航天运载器中普遍存在的支架底部强度计算问题,采用工程算法和有限元方法进行了对比计算,分析了两种算法各自的适用范围。     

基于脉冲样本图和Vague集的雷达辐射源识别

针对现有雷达信号特征描述方式很难有效地对复杂雷达辐射源进行描述和识别,提出一种基于脉冲样本图和Vague集的雷达辐射源识别新方法。该方法把雷达辐射源识别问题转换为Vague集的多属性决策问题,不仅能很好地解决雷达信号识别中的模糊问题,而且无需传统方法的特征提取过程,简化了处理环节。另外,基于脉冲样本图的雷达辐射源识别是利用有序的多个脉冲同时匹配识别,因此更可靠。计算机仿真表明该方法是有效可行的,为复杂雷达辐射源识别提供了一种新思路。     

机翼结构有限元的快速建模及自动化调整

为提高总体设计的质量和效率,研究了在OpenCADS(Open Conceptual Aircraft Design System)这一按照面向对象方式进行数据组织的计算机辅助飞机总体设计系统中进行飞机机翼结构有限元快速建模及自动化调整的措施.提出了采用梁单元和壳单元进行概念设计中机翼结构有限元的等效处理方法,定义了以翼肋为标定的结构有限元节点及各单元的编号规则,设计了相关的数据类组织与应用逻辑,以此为基础实现了机翼结构有限元模型的自动化调整,为概念设计阶段进行多学科设计优化奠定了基础.通过设计实例及其应用验证了方法的有效性和可靠性.      

LEVEL DECISION-MAKING FOR AERO-ENGINE MODULES BASED ON INCREMENTAL KNOWLEDGE LEARNING

The maintenance of an aero-engine usually includes three levels, and the maintenance cost and period greatly differ depending on the different maintenance levels. To plan a reasonable maintenance budget program, airlines would like to predict the maintenance level of aero-engine before repairing in terms of performance parame- ters, which can provide more economic benefits. The maintenance level decision rules are mined using the histori- cal maintenance data of a civil aero-engine based on the rough set theory, and a variety of possible models of upda- ting rules produced by newly increased maintenance cases added to the historical maintenance case database are in- vestigated by the means of incremental machine learning. The continuously updated rules can provide reasonable guidance suggestions for engineers and decision support for planning a maintenance budget program before repai- ring. The results of an example show that the decision rules become more typical and robust, and they are more accurate to predict the maintenance level of an aero-engine module as the maintenance data increase, which illus- trates the feasibility of the represented method.     

小型辐射定标光学系统的光机热集成分析

卫星遥感器辐射定标光机系统在模拟空间环境下的热学光学特性会影响辐射定标试验的精度。文章针对离轴抛物镜和辅助平面反射镜组成的小型定标光学系统,利用光机热集成分析技术建立其有限元模型,在模拟空间环境下进行热变形分析;选用在单位圆内正交的Zernike多项式作为基底函数,采用最小二乘法完成了离轴抛物镜面形的拟合;将相关数据读入光学软件,分析了该系统在模拟空间环境下的像质变化。结果表明:温度梯度对定标光机系统的影响主要表现在光学平台的刚性位移,对抛物镜面形影响非常小,光学系统像质变化量约为λ/37。最后,通过与刀口仪法的像质原位测量结果对比,证明了光机热集成分析结果的准确性。     

翼型测力天平的研制

为研究翼型结冰状态下的载荷变化规律,对翼型进行测力实验.研制一台三分量翼型测力天平.天平设计的突出难点为设计载荷极不匹配,阻力测量载荷很小.设计时,针对翼型载荷的特点,采用片梁组合方式测量阻力,四柱梁测量法向力及俯仰力矩,并采用有限元方法对结构进行了验证计算.主要介绍天平的设计、校准及应用情况.     

行星齿轮非线性振动系统参数稳定域的计算方法

研究了行星齿轮非线性传动系统参数稳定域计算的一般方法.该方法通过选取合理的失稳阀值,根据考查参数域内系统的运动状态选取合适的数值积分时间段,以循环套嵌的手段计算考查参数在各自范围内不同组合下的系统位移响应最大值,比较失稳阀值以判稳,参数稳定域的图形输出等5个步骤完成对行星轮系参数稳定域的计算.最后,以四自由度行星轮系纯扭转非线性振动模型为例,以行星轮输入转速、系统的齿侧间隙以及齿轮副的啮合阻尼系数为考查参数,分别计算得到了系统的单参数稳定域、双参数稳定域以及三参数稳定域,为行星轮系的设计取值提供了重要参考.      

Large-scale Vacuum Vessel Design and Finite Element Analysis

The vacuum plume effects experimental system (PES) is the first experimental system designed to study the effects of vacuum plume in China. The main equipment, a vacuum chamber of 5.5 m in diameter and 12.8 m in length, and structure design of hinged door are described. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to analyze the static strength and stability of the PES vacuum chamber. It is demonstrated that the static strength and stability are qualified. For the 5.5 m diameter vacuum chamber door, three design schemes are put forward. After comparisons are made, the single-axis-double-pin hinged door is selected. The FEM is applied to checking its static strength as well as distortions. The results show that the door’s distortion and displacement change mainly due to the gravity of the door which leads to its sinking. The calculated displacement is less than 7.8 mm, while the actual measurement is 5 mm. The single-axis-double-pin hinged door mechanism completely satisfies the design requirements. This innovative structure can be introduced as a reference for the design of large-scale hinged doors.