基于不同PDF的超声速扩散燃烧火焰面模型对比

为了研究混合分数概率密度函数对湍流扩散燃烧的影响,采用稳态火焰面模型描述超声速扩散燃烧过程,分别采用β-PDF和δ-PDF方法对层流火焰面数据库积分得到两种湍流火焰面数据库,并对比分析了湍流火焰面数据库。结合混合RANS/LES程序,利用DLR氢燃料超燃燃烧室算例进一步对比验证采用不同PDF方法生成的湍流火焰面数据库。研究结果表明,混合分数β分布数据库中间组分随混合分数方差变化大,采用混合分数β分布的算例计算结果脉动速度较大,与实验结果符合得更好。     

ULF wave index as magnetospheric and space-weather parameters

Waves in the Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) band owe their existence to solar wind turbulence and transport momentum and energy from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and farther down. Therefore an index based on ULF wave power could better characterize solar wind–magnetosphere interaction than K_P, Dst, AE, etc. indices which described mainly quasi-study state condition of the system. We have shown that the ULF wave index accurately characterize relativistic electron dynamics in the magnetosphere as these waves are closely associated with circulation, diffusion and energization of relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere. High speed solar wind streams also act as a significant driver of activity in the Earth’s magnetosphere co-rotating interaction region and are responsible for geomagnetic activities. In the present paper, we have analyzed various cases related with very weak (quiet) days, weak days, storm days and eclipse events and discussed the utility of the ULF wave index to explain the magnetospheric dynamics and associated properties. We have tried to explain that the ULF wave index can equally be useful as a space weather parameter like the other indices.     

运用低雷诺数非线性k-ε模型研究湍流分离流动

给出了一个低雷诺数非线性ｋ－ε湍流模型，其中采用了一个非线性雷诺应力表达式并引入了两个考虑湍流近壁效应的修正函数。应用该模型和标准ｋ－ε模型计算了两种不同膨胀比的后台阶分离流。与实测结果比较表明，低雷诺数非线性模型结果较标准ｋ－ε模型结果有明显改进，它对流场的各特征量包括分离—再附长度、时均速度及各雷诺应力分量均给出了较好的预测。     

六自由度飞行实时仿真和功率谱法比较

大气紊流是飞机巡航状态中影响飞机运动的主要大气扰动现象,以奖状飞机和波音747为例,研究飞机受大气紊流影响所产生的飞行姿态变化。使用了两种方法进行飞行仿真,一种是基于六自由度飞行力学方程的实时仿真法,另一种是基于线性化小扰动方程组的响应频谱法。通过与试飞数据进行比较,分析两种方法的优缺点。研究表明,六自由度飞行实时仿真可以更好地模拟大型飞机大气扰动下的飞行状态,较准确地表征各项参数变化特性。     

Effect of turbulence models on predicting convective heat transfer to hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure

A variety of turbulence models were used to perform numerical simulations of heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuel flowing upward and downward through uniformly heated vertical pipes at supercritical pressure. Inlet temperatures varied from 373 K to 663 K, with heat flux rang-ing from 300 kW/m2 to 550 kW/m2. Comparative analyses between predicted and experimental results were used to evaluate the ability of turbulence models to respond to variable thermophys-ical properties of hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure. It was found that the prediction per-formance of turbulence models is mainly determined by the damping function, which enables them to respond differently to local flow conditions. Although prediction accuracy for experimental results varied from condition to condition, the shear stress transport (SST) and launder and sharma models performed better than all other models used in the study. For very small buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration due to variations in density lead to the impairment of heat transfer occurring in the vicinity of pseudo-critical points, and heat transfer was enhanced at higher temperatures through the combined action of four thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat. For very large buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration effect was over predicted by the LS and AB models.     

冷却系统阻力对汽车总阻力影响的数值预测模型研究

采用CFD方法数值模拟了小型汽车发动机冷却系统对全车阻力的影响特性.汽车的内部及外部(发动机舱及舱内)均设置了数值模拟网格.分别计算了散热器及风扇对阻力的影响,采用本校实验结果(散热器压力损失)及制造商提供的数据(散热器及风扇的质量流率)确定初始及边界条件,为基于RNS的CFD提供输入.对汽车轮胎运动模式及行驶速度对散热系统阻力及汽车总阻的影响特性也进行了计算分析.预测结果表明,冷却系统阻力占汽车总阻的6.9％,与实测值吻合.     

翼型近尾迹流动的PIV研究—动力学机制

利用在线式互相关PIV(ParticleImageVelocimetry)系统,在低速风洞中对NACA0012翼型在雷诺数2.39×105,0°和4°攻角下的近尾迹流动进行了详细测量。实验结果表明,翼型近尾迹存在有序的涡街结构,涡街在尾缘处形成后,在向下游的迁移中,会经历一个发展壮大、失稳破碎的演化过程,流动从有序走向无序。翼型的近尾迹是一种以旋涡的运动学特性和动力学机制为主导的流动现象。本文着重探讨了翼型尾缘处的涡街形成机理,尾迹内的流动机制,以及近尾迹的流动稳定性。      

一个湍流谱的进一步研究

一枚Chaff火箭在87.4km高度测量到高达0.33s-1的风切变剖面,相信这个切变值是中层大气曾经测量到的最大切变值.在这个异常大风切变层内,垂直速度扰动谱在浮力子区,惯性子区,和粘性子区有谱斜率-3.10,-1.65,和-7.11,这个观测与中性密度扰动一致.计算的内尺度和浮力尺度与扰动谱中的崩溃点不一致,这个结果与中性密度扰动不一致.讨论了湍流和重力波之间的关系,结果表明,增强湍流与波场饱和有好的联系.      

两种紊流模型在通流计算中的应用研究

为验证紊流模型在基于周向平均Navier-Stokes方程的通流计算中的适用性,给出了周向平均形式的Spalart-Allmaras紊流模型,并选择Baldwin-Lomax模型作为对比.通过两个经典简单算例以及两个典型叶轮机械算例对采用了上述两种紊流模型的通流模型进行验证与对比.两个经典简单算例结果表明,上述两种紊流...     

旋转盘腔紊流流动的数值研究

为了比较近壁紊流模型对旋转盘腔内流动特征模拟精度的影响，采用在核心区选用标准k-ε模型、在近壁区选用单方程和Launder-Sharma两方程两种低雷诺数模型的区域紊流模化方法，对具有径向出流的转-静盘腔和具有径向出流的共旋盘腔结构的流动进行了数值计算研究，计算结果表明：在计算的两个算例中，前者采用近壁单方程模型要稍优于两方程模型，后者采用近壁两方程模型要明显优于单方程模型，因此近壁区紊流特性的处理对旋转盘腔内的流场模拟精度具有重要的影响。