基于转捩模型的吸附式压气机正弯叶片数值研究

采用三维数值方法研究了吸附式压气机扇形叶栅中正弯叶片的流场和气动性能,通过对比分析三种不同的孔式抽吸方案,以探讨附面层抽吸抑制三维流动分离、减小损失的机理。首先通过与前期实验数据的对比,校核了数值计算代码的可靠性,所得到的流场特性与实验数据有较好的一致性;其次通过在常规直叶片和正弯叶片中采用孔式附面层抽吸方法,以对比不同叶片积迭形式时附面层抽吸的效果,并探讨了通过改善抽吸设计方案提高抽吸效果的机理。结果表明,采用孔式抽吸可以较好地控制直、弯叶栅内的三维流动分离,抽吸后的吸力面气泡式分离消失,每个抽吸孔下游形成了新的基于抽吸孔特征的分离流动结构;抽吸策略的调整改善了角区的三维流动分离,尾迹旋涡的发展以及强度得到有效抑制。     

Time-varying linear control for tiltrotor aircraft

Tiltrotor aircraft have three flight modes: helicopter mode, airplane mode, and transition mode. A tiltrotor has characteristics of highly nonlinear, time-varying flight dynamics and inertial/control couplings in its transition mode. It can transit from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode by tilting its nacelles, and an effective controller is crucial to accomplish tilting transition missions. Longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor are described by a nonlinear Lagrange-form model, which takes into account inertial/control couplings and aerodynamic interferences. Reference commands for airspeed velocity and attitude in the transition mode are calculated dynamically by visiting a command library which is founded in advance by analyzing the flight envelope of the tiltrotor. A Time-Varying Linear (TVL) model is obtained using a Taylor-expansion based online linearization technique from the nonlinear model. Subsequently, based on an optimal control concept, an online optimization based control method with input constraints considered is proposed. To validate the proposed control method, three typical tilting transition missions are simulated using the nonlinear model of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. Simulation results show that the controller can be used to control the tiltrotor throughout its operating envelop which includes a transition flight, and can also deal with vertical gust disturbances.     

TA15 钛合金等温局部加载各加载区的组织和性能

研究了不同加载方式下TA15钛合金方坯先加载区、过渡区和后加载区的组织和力学性能。结果表明:只采用局部加载时,先加载区和后加载区的室温和高温性能优于过渡区的性能,各区的持久性能差别不大;采用先局部后整体的加载方式时,过渡区的室温和高温性能优于其他两个加载区,但过渡区的持久性能明显较差。只采用局部加载时,各区的组织性能优于先局部后整体加载时各区的组织性能。     

长波授时附加二次相位因子ASF误差分析

为提高长波授时精度,分析了影响ASF误差的因素。主要针对米林顿法计算ASF中的地图测距误差、大地等效电导率误差和大地等效电导率区域分割误差,设计实验、采集数据、分析实验结果,并提出减小ASF误差的新方案。     

Transition characteristics for a small tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle

Research on the transition phase of tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is crucial for trajectory planning and performance analysis. This study focuses on the analysis of the transition characteristics and path of a small dual-rotor tail-sitter UAV, including static and dynamic computations. The system input time delay and actuator dynamics are specifically considered during the dynamic analysis, and these actual physical properties ensure that the computation results are reliable and reasonable. The UAV steady-state limit is obtained through static analysis, which is also adopted to verify the correctness of the dynamic results. In regard to the dynamic analysis, several typical transition approaches are computed based on different initial states and optimization objective functions, and the different computations are applicable under specific task conditions. The off-line dynamic results of the transition path and actuator output sequence could also be adopted as reference values for the transition process during real flight. A comparison of the static and dynamic results illustrates the necessity of combining these two methods for UAV transition characteristic analysis. Furthermore, the UAV conceptual parameters related to the transition path are also studied, and the obtained quantitative characteristics provide feedback for the UAV conceptual design.     

涡扇发动机加力接通过程喷管延时调节影响研究

探索涡扇发动机加力过程中喷管喉部面积与加力供油量的匹配机理,寻找改善发动机加力特性的技术途径对发动机加力系统设计工作具有重要的意义。结合某型涡扇发动机加力供油时序、燃油填充时序和尾喷管面积调节规律,建立考虑加力燃烧室和外涵道动态容积效应的发动机加力接通与切断过程数学模型,进行涡扇发动机加力过程的特性计算,研究喷管喉部面积调节延迟对加力过渡过程的影响。结果表明：在加力接通过程中,喷管延迟调节对风扇稳定裕度和转速的影响不大于 4%,对主机稳定裕度和转速的影响不大于 1%;当喷管面积调节延迟或出现卡滞故障时,为了保证主机稳定工作,可适当减少加力供油量以改善喷管流通能力,提高安全稳定裕度;特殊情况下,则应继续增加主燃烧室供油量,以保证加力推力。     

隐身飞行器突防仿真的特征信号新建模方法

针对突防目标不同角域内RCS(Radar Cross Section)差异较大的情况,提出5种不同的突防目标特征信号雷达重点探测区域建模方案.在计算机仿真平台上,根据目标的周向散射特性,按照这5种不同的模型取RCS均值计算雷达对目标的探测概率值.不同建模方案所得探测概率值与精确探测概率值的平均误差分别为: 13.66%,12.35%,6.6%,5.07%和2.4%.平均误差的差异表明:采用5个或8个特征信号重点探测区域的建模方案,所得探测概率值的误差小,能反映出雷达对目标探测概率的动态变化过程.仿真平台中,这两种建模方案无需存储大量目标的RCS值,只需记录5个或8个目标的RCS均值,可节省计算机的存储量,提高计算速度.     

A multi-strategy pigeon-inspired optimization approach to active disturbance rejection control parameters tuning for vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV

In this paper, Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC) is utilized in the pitch control of a vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) to address the problem of height fluctuation during the transition from hover to level flight. Considering the difficulty of parameter tuning of ADRC as well as the requirement of accuracy and rapidity of the controller, a Multi-Strategy Pigeon-Inspired Optimization(MSPIO) algorithm is employed. Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO), Gen...     

氮化硅的氧化机制研究

研究了氮化硅的氧化机制以及被动氧化至主动氧化的转捩温度,并结合试验结果做了分析。结果表明氮化硅在高温下极易炸裂,在被动氧化机制下生成氮气和SiO2薄膜,转捩温度和碳化硅材料基本一致。     

冕洞区SiⅡ辐射线源区的相关高度

SiⅡ辐射线源区的高度表征了太阳大气过渡区的底层高度．通过对超紫外线的辐射强度结构和无力场外推所得的三维磁场结构作相关分析来求相关高度是一种研究超紫外辐射线源区高度的新方法．有研究发现,该方法得到的冕洞区SiⅡ辐射线源区的高度比传统观点所认为的高．由于目前运用该方法的数据分析有限,需要用更多的数据进一步验证这一结果．运用该方法分析了SOHO/SUMER观测到的位于太阳南极冕洞之下的日面区域SiⅡ辐射线数据和美国National Solar Observatory/Kitt Peak(NSO/KP)测量的磁场数据,得到冕洞区SiⅡ辐射线源区的相关高度约为5．0Mm．该结果支持了冕洞区的过渡区底层高度比宁静区的要高的结论．同时发现了新的现象,并对其原因进行推测．