电离层拟合方法及路径参数量化分析

针对多层电离层,采用反抛物层作为连接层来描述电离层之间区域的电子密度分布.以电子密度和其相对于高度的一阶偏导数连续为依据,拟合出连接层的临界频率、半厚度和底高等电离层参数.将电离层的准抛物模型和连接层的反抛物模型中计算出来的等离子频率代入Appleton-Hartree公式和Snell定理,结合射线的几何结构完成多层电离层中的射线追踪,同时计算群路径、相路径和传输距离这3种重要的路径参数.分析当给定频率时,路径参数与入射角之间的关系,群路径、相路径与传输距离之间的关系,频率对路径参数之间变化关系的影响;同时分析了给定入射角时,路径参数与射线工作频率之间关系和入射角对于路径参数之间变化关系的影响.     

中性风对夜间低纬电离层参量的影响

利用一个改进的二维低纬电离层理论模式研究夜间中性风对低纬电离层多量的作用．模式计算结果表明：夜间中性风对低纬F层的影响与纬度、地方时有关．夜间低纬F层峰值电子浓度和峰高及其随时间的变化受中性风的影响与传统观点有所差异．低纬F层参量不只依赖于中性风的方向、强度,还与中性风场空间分布及时间变化率有关．中性风对低纬F层的影响值得重新认识．     

北斗星基增强电离层模型精度评估与分析

针对如何有效地对北斗星基增强系统(SBAS)电离层在模型精度、模型时效性等方面进行综合评估,提出了一种修正的CODE格网模型,通过增加国内陆态网监测站观测数据,提升了CODE格网模型精度。以此模型为基准,利用2020年近一个月的数据分析了北斗区域格网电离层模型和北斗SBAS电离层模型的延迟误差、改正比例的变化以及在全球的覆盖范围,并从全球不同纬度带比较了北斗基本导航和星基增强电离层模型的精度。结果表明：修正的CODE模型精度符合评估要求,且与我国电离层实际变化情况更吻合,北斗区域格网电离层模型和北斗SBAS电离层模型精度相当,优于0.3m,改正比例均优于80%,但北斗SBAS电离层模型覆盖范围明显更大。     

不同上边界条件下的极区电离层数值模拟

利用一维自洽的极区电离层模型,研究了沿磁力线方向不同电离层-磁层耦合条件下极区电离层的响应.此模型在110-610km的电离层空间区域内,综合求解描述极区电离层的连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程,以得到电离层数值解.研究发现,上边界条件在200 km以上的高度能显著地影响电离层参量的形态.较高的O+上行速度对应较低的F层峰值和较高的电子温度.不同边界O+上行速度对应的温度高度剖面完全不同.200km以上电子温度高度剖面不但由来自磁层的热流通量所控制,同时还受到场向O+速度的影响.对利用电离层模型研究电离层内部物理过程提出了建议.      

利用COSMIC数据研究顶部电离层O+扩散流的统计特征

从等离子体运动方程出发, 利用COSMIC星座的掩星数据, 借助相关经验模式, 计算了太阳活动低年顶部电离层O+场向扩散速度和扩散通量, 并分析了其全球分布和日变化特征. 结果表明, 白天等离子体扩散速度的方向随高度增加由向下(极向)逐步变为向上(赤道向), 方向转变的高度一般在hmF2+80 km以下. 在白天较高高度, 南北磁纬10o ~20 o存在着向上方向的最大扩散速度和扩散通量; 而在夜间, 南北磁纬30o~40 o存在向下方向的最大扩散速度和扩散通量. 在分点, 南北半球的扩散通量和扩散速度大致对称; 而在至点, 扩散通量存在着明显的南北半球不对称现象. 另外, 不同纬度的扩散速度有着不同的日变化特征.      

Equatorial predictions from a new neural network based global foF2 model

A new neural network (NN) based global empirical model for the foF2 parameter, which represents the peak ionospheric electron density, has been developed using extended temporal and spatial geophysical relevant inputs. It has been proposed that this new model be considered as a suitable replacement for the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) model options currently used within the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model for the purpose of F2 peak electron density predictions. The most recent version of the model has incorporated data from 135 global ionospheric stations including a number of equatorial stations.     

Global validation of IRI TEC for high and medium solar activity conditions

The IRI model offers a choice of options for the computation of the electron density profile and electron content (TEC). Recently new options for the topside electron density profile have been developed, which have a strong impact on TEC. Therefore it is important to test massively the IRI and the new options with experimental data. A large number of permanent stations record dual frequency GPS data from which it is possible to obtain TEC values. Thirty-one worldwide distributed stations have been selected to investigate the capabilities of the IRI to reproduce experimental TEC. Data for years 2000 (high solar activity) and 2004 (medium solar activity) have been analyzed computing modeled values with the IRI-2001 and the IRI-2007-NeQuick topside options. It is found that IRI-2007-NeQuick option generally improves the estimate of the slant TEC, especially in the case of high latitudes stations during high solar activity.     

Variations of total electron content over high latitude region during the ascending phase of 24th solar cycle

The solar cycle variation and seasonal changes significantly affects the ionization process of earth’s ionosphere and required to be monitored in real time basis for regional level refinement of existing models. In view of this, the present study has been carried out by using the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) data observed with the help of Global Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC monitoring (GISTM) system installed at Indian Antarctic Research Station, “Maitri” [70°46′00″S 11°43′56″E] during the ascending phase of 24th solar cycle. The daily values of solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) flux (0.1–50?nm wavelength), 10.7?cm radio flux F_10.7 and Sunspot number (SSN) has been taken as a proxy to represent the solar cycle variation to correlate with TEC. The linear regression results revels better correlation of TEC with EUV flux rather than F_10.7 and SSN. Also, the EUV and TEC show better agreement during summer as compared to winter and equinox period. Correlation between TEC and EUV appears significantly noticeable during ten internationally defined quiet days of each month (stable background geophysical condition) as compared to the overall days (2010–2014). Further, saturation effect has been observed on TEC values during the solar maxima year 2014. The saturation effects are more prominent during the night hours of winter and equinox season due to transportation losses manifested by the equator-ward direction of meridional wind.     

Spatio-temporal analysis of ionospheric disturbances for ground based augmentation systems over a midlatitude region

Forcings from above and below the ionosphere can cause disturbances that need to be detected and corrected for navigation systems. Ground Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS) are used to give corrections to aircraft navigation systems while landing. These systems use regional ionosphere monitoring algorithms to detect the anomalies in the ionosphere. The aim of this study is to understand occurrence of ionosphere anomalies and their trends over Turkey. A comprehensive analysis of spatio-temporal variability of ionosphere is carried out for a midlatitude GPS network using Slant Total Electron Content (STEC). Differential Rate Of TEC (DROT), which is a measure of the amount of deviation of temporal derivative of TEC from its trend, is used to detect and classify the level of such disturbances. The GPS satellite tracks are grouped into north, east, west and over directions. The 24 h is divided into six time intervals. The percentage occurrence of each DROT category and the deviation from STEC trend in magnitude are calculated and grouped into satellite track directions and time intervals for 2010 (low solar activity), 2011 and 2012 (medium solar activity). The highest level of disturbances is observed in north and west directions, and during sunrise and sunset hours. The dominant periods of percentage occurrences are diurnal (22–25 h), semidiurnal (12–13 h) and terdiurnal (8–9 h) followed by quasi two-day and quasi 16-day periods. Disturbances corresponding to 50% < DROT < 70% are mostly visible during low solar activity years with magnitudes from 1 to 2 TECU. Geomagnetic storms can cause aperiodic larger scale disturbances that are mostly correlated with DROT > 70%. In 2012, the magnitude of such disturbances can reach 5 TECU. The anisotropic and dynamic nature of midlatitude ionosphere is reflected in the spatio-temporal and spectral distributions of DROT, and their percentage occurrences. This study serves a basis for future studies about development of a regional ionosphere monitoring for Turkey.