微重力场中对流—辐射—传质系统的地面模拟技术

研究了微重力条件下对流－辐射－传质稳态系统的地面相似模拟技术，进一步发 温度－材料综合保护技术。通过采取补偿热流，调整壁面热流密度分布的方法，保持了原型与尺寸适当缩小后的模型的Ｎｕ数，Ｓｈ数，材料，温度，湿度不变，从而实现模型与原型流动，换热和传质相似。     

防静电白色热控涂层的空间环境性能试验

通过在氧化锌晶格中掺入重金属离子，得到具有防静电功能的白色颜料，再以丙烯酸树脂为粘合剂制备出空间飞行器外表面用的ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层；研究了空间环境效应（包括紫外辐照，电子和质子辐照）对该热控涂层太阳吸收率的影响并与有机硅白色热控涂层进行了比较，地面模拟空间环境试验研究结果证明，ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层具有良好的空间稳定性。     

Numerical simulations of water spray on flame deflector during the four-engine rocket launching

This paper aims to study on the cooling effect with two types of water spray nozzle on the flame deflector during the four-engine launch vehicle take-off. To accurately simulate the two-phase flow of the rocket gas with multispecies and the water spray, the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations, discrete ordinates methods and realizable k-Ɛ turbulence model are used to establish the rocket supersonic plumes impact model. The Eulerian dispersed phase (EDP) model was used to simulate the water spray into the exhaust gas. The accuracy and effectiveness of the gas-liquid flow model are verified by a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data. On this basis, a series of numerical simulation studies under different water injection position are performed. The results show that the high temperature regions, along the axis of engines on the deflector plate, have no significant temperature decreasing effect by water spray from the nozzles mounted on the apex of the deflector, and the high temperature converts a large quantity of water into vapor near the plume boundary, which would decrease the flow conductivity. With the cooling spray nozzle fixed directly to the deflector plate, the temperature decrease effect is obvious and the effect of thermal shock on deflector plate induced by exhaust plume is reduced, so that it can prevent the flame deflector from thermal ablation. The study results provide indepth information and engineering guidance for designing the water spray systems and increasing the safety of the launch process.     

A time-frequency analysis of the thermal radiation background anomalies caused by large earthquakes: A case study of the Wenchuan 8.0 earthquake

Strong earthquakes have an impact on the regional thermal radiation background, which has been both observed and confirmed. This effect produces anomalies in the thermal radiation background (TRBA) and increases the difficulty of extracting a thermal radiation anomaly (TRA) that is associated with an earthquake occurring during the same time period. The extraction and identification of such anomalies has been ignored by previous studies. In this study, we investigate the time-frequency analysis (TFA) method, together with the wavelet filtering of the Daubechies method and the relative power spectrum analysis of the Fourier Welch method to extract and analyse the TRBA caused by the 2008 Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake and the TRA of the 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian Ms 6.6 earthquake using data concerning the brightness temperature of a black body (TBB) from the Fengyun-2 series of geostationary meteorological satellites developed by China. The result showed that this method can effectively extract and analyse the TRBA caused by the Wenchuan earthquake and the TRA of the Minxian-Zhangxian earthquake form a complex background environment. Furthermore, we discussed the impact of the earthquake on the TRBA and segmented the process. The impact is mainly reflected by three aspects; the characteristic period of the TRBA changes, the TRBA occurs at the same time every year, which is identical to the time at which the earthquake anomaly occurred, and the impact process is in stages. We also summarized the correlation between the characteristic parameters of a TRA and the regional thermal radiation background, geography, and climatic factors.     

潜入式喷管喉衬界面间隙优化设计

为了解决固体火箭发动机潜入式喷管喉衬在热载荷与内压联合作用下界面间隙优化问题,数值模拟方法求解了喷管热结构响应.采用流体仿真软件,计算了潜入式喷管流动过程的稳态流场,获取了高温燃气流动参数与固体壁面对流换热系数.并采用三维有限元结构计算平台,编写了非均布壁面压力载荷与非均布对流换热系数子程序,求解了喉衬前后搭接界面间隙...     

水下高速射流气泡变化过程数值研究

为研究水下高速射流气泡变化规律,采用VOF(Volume of Fluids)模型分别对水下等温高速气体射流和热高速气体射流动态流场进行了气水耦合数值求解。其中热射流考虑了汽化因素对气泡内气流场的影响,数值模拟了气泡的形成、发展、断裂及融合过程,揭示了气泡中压力和马赫数等参数的变化规律,得出了水下点火初期的流场特征。研究发现:在相同入口压力下,热射流产生气泡的空间尺度比等温射流产生的气泡空间尺度要小;气泡发展过程中会出现颈缩,也可能断裂,断裂与否取决于气泡颈缩处内外压差,气泡的颈缩与断裂是产生压力脉动的重要因素,并决定了压力峰的位置和大小,气泡断裂位置越靠近喷管出口,压力峰值越大,该压力峰值会影响火箭发动机尾流场特性。     

氧化钇稳定氧化锆多孔陶瓷的制备与性能

以叔丁醇为溶剂,采用凝胶注模成型方法,制备出防/隔热的摩尔分数为8%Y_2O_3-ZrO_2(8YSZ)多孔陶瓷.在浆料中初始固相含量固定为10%体积分数的基础上,研究了烧结温度对8ySZ陶瓷材料的气孔率、开气孔率、孔径尺寸分布及显微结构的影响,分析了压缩强度、热导率与结构之间的关系.通过改变烧结温度,所制备的8YSZ多孔陶瓷的气孔率为65%～74%,孔隙分布均匀,平均孔径为0.68～1.82μm,压缩强度为7.92～13.15 MPa,室温热导率[最低可达0.053 W/(m·K)],比相应的致密陶瓷[～2.2 W/(m·K)]低一个数量级,且随着气孔率的增加而降低.     

水冲压发动机的热力循环性能预示

针对采用二次进水机制的水冲压发动机,基于特殊的工作方式初步建立了相应的热力循环模型,进而在不同的发动机工况下分析了循环热效率性能。选定水反应金属燃料基础配方为Mg/AP/HTPB的混合物,在不同组分配方条件下,相应发动机热力循环效率随各影响参数的变化规律一致,均随燃烧室压强和水反应金属燃料中金属含量的增加而呈增加趋势,相反,水燃比的增加会引起热效率的降低。特别地,给定一合理水燃比3.0,保持燃烧室压强和航行器航深分别为2.5 MPa和10 m,50%和60%镁含量的水反应金属燃料对应发动机的循环热效率分别为37.78%和44.38%,初步验证了基于联合循环的水冲压发动机良好的循环性能。     

邻苯二甲腈基联苯型酚醛树脂的制备与性能

以碱为催化剂,通过联苯型酚醛树脂与4-硝基邻苯二甲腈之间的亲核取代反应,制备了邻苯二甲腈基联苯型酚醛树脂(PBN).流变性能测试结果表明,PBN树脂在180 ～ 300℃,黏度＜400 mPa·s,表明该树脂具有优良的加工性能.DSC测试结果表明,PBN树脂的固化温度为280～450℃,固化反应峰值温度为377℃,固化放热约为187 J/g.该树脂表现出优良的耐热性,其储能模量起始下降温度高于450℃,Td5约为529℃,氮气氛围、900℃残碳率约为78％.