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371.
372.
The convection of heat-generating fluid in a rotating horizontal cylinder is experimentally investigated. The threshold of convection excitation, the structure of convective flows and the heat transfer in the cylinder depending on the heat release capacity, liquid viscosity and aspect ratio of the cavity are studied. It is found that the average convection is excited by the thermovibrational mechanism —the gravity force, rotating in the cavity frame, produces the oscillations of non-isothermal fluid relative to the wall, which in turn result in excitation of mean convective flows. It is shown that the structure of convective flows depends on the dimensionless velocity of rotation. At relatively low rotation velocity the convection develops in the form of a periodic system of vortices regularly distributed along the cylinder axis. The threshold of excitation (critical value of vibration parameter) of three-dimensional vortex structures grows with rotation velocity. Above some definite rotation velocity the convection develops as two-dimensional rolls parallel to the axis of rotation. The threshold of two-dimensional structures excitation does not depend on the rotation velocity. Besides the structure of thermal convective flows the analysis of the relatively weak currents generated by the inertial waves below the threshold of convection is performed. 相似文献
373.
Silica-based aerogel is an ideal thermal insulator with a makeup of up to 99% air associated with the highly porous nature of this material. Polyurea cross-linked silica aerogel (PCSA) has superior mechanical properties compared to the native aerogels yet retains the highly porous open pore network and functions as an ideal thermal insulator with added load-bearing capability necessary for some applications. Room temperature vulcanizing rubber-RTV 655—is a space qualified elastomeric thermal insulator and encapsulant with high radiation and temperature tolerance as well as chemical resistance. Storage and transport of cryogenic propellant liquids is an integral part of the success of future space exploratory missions and is an area under constant development. Limitations and shortcomings of current cryogenic tank materials and insulation techniques such as non-uniform insulation layers, self-pressurization, weight and durability issues of the materials used, has motivated the quest for alternative materials. Both RTV 655 and PCSA are promising space qualified materials with unique and tunable microscopic and macroscopic properties making them attractive candidates for this study. In this work, the effect of PCSA geometry and volume concentration on the thermal behavior of RTV 655—PCSA compound material has been investigated at room temperature and at a cryogenic temperature. Macroscopic and microscopic PCSA material was encapsulated at increasing concentrations in an RTV 655 elastomeric matrix. The effect of pulverization on the nanopores of PCSA as a method for creating large quantities of homogeneous PCSA microparticles has also been investigated and is reported. The PCSA volume concentrations ranged between 22% and 75% for both geometries. Thermal conductivity measurements were performed based on the steady state transient plane source method. 相似文献
374.
375.
吸气式脉冲爆震发动机壁温试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了探索各频率下管壁温度随时间的变化趋势及爆震管外壁面的温度分布规律,对爆震室内径68mm,长2 000mm,以汽油为燃料、空气为氧化剂的吸气式脉冲爆震发动机进行试验,用热成像仪对稳定工作在10Hz,20Hz,40Hz下的管壁温度进行了监测。结果表明:同一频率下随时间的增加壁面温度增加速度减小;热平衡时壁面温度随频率的增加而增长,10Hz,20Hz,40Hz热平衡时外壁面最高温度分别在726℃,1011.5℃,1159.5℃以上;热平衡前管壁温度的增长速度随频率的增加而增加,管壁温度的增长速度跟频率约成正比;爆震室上沿着压缩波叠加至形成爆震的方向,温度在外壁面上递增分布,在爆震形成区温度最高,从爆震形成区到发动机出口处,温度在外壁面上逐渐降低;各频率下最高温度区位置基本不变,距点火位置1 350mm左右;同一轴向位置上的外壁面温度随频率的增加而增加,温度的增长幅度随频率的增加而减小。 相似文献
376.
对卫星表面材料的体电阻率、面电阻率的测试方法进行了研究,并设计了测量电极系统,测量了常用热控涂层的体、面电阻率,研究了测量电压对测量结果的影响。 相似文献
377.
激光加热应用很广,热应力是一常见现象。本文讨论的内容是来自辐射加固技术和激光武器效应中遇到的一个问题,因此,对其剖析具有很大的实用价值和理论意义。 相似文献
378.
考虑海上发射环境特殊性,分析了发射船承受的典型海浪以及风环境,针对陆基发射时运载火箭直接坐落在发射台上的裸箭热发射方式,分析了该支撑形式在海上动态环境下的射前稳定性,获得海上裸箭热发射方式的承受晃动极限。为解决陆基热发射支撑方式不满足三级海况发射稳定性的问题,提出运载火箭的框架式扶稳措施,通过框架内的柔性支撑保证运载火箭的射前稳定性。构建由火箭、等效甲板、导向框架、导轨、柔性支撑、发射台等组成的发射系统动力学仿真模型,开展复杂海况条件下的发射动力学分析,获得了框架式热发射方式在典型海况条件下,不同因素对火箭出框过程飞行姿态、安全间隙等影响规律,可为运载火箭框架式热发射的海上动基座发射动力学安全性评估提供技术支撑,并用于框架式热发射方式的海上动基座环境适应性的综合评价。 相似文献
379.
380.
Actively cooled thermal protection system has great influence on the engine of a hypersonic vehicle, and it is significant to obtain the thermal and stress distribution in the system. So an analytic estimation and numerical modeling are performed in this paper to investigate the behavior of an actively cooled thermal protection system. The analytic estimation is based on the electric analogy method and finite element analysis(FEA) is applied to the numerical simulation. Temperature and stress distributions are obtained for the actively cooled channel walls with three kinds of nickel alloys with or with no thermal barrier coating(TBC). The temperature of the channel wall with coating has no obvious difference from the one with no coating, but the stress with coating on the channel wall is much smaller than that with no coating. Inconel X-750 has the best characteristics among the three Ni-based materials due to its higher thermal conductivity, lower elasticity module and greater allowable stress. Analytic estimation and numerical modeling results are compared with each other and a reasonable agreement is obtained. 相似文献