一种提高星敏感器动态性能的方法

动态性能作为星敏感器的重要指标之一,对其进行阐述,由此引出提高动态性能的运动补偿法．描述该方法的工作原理和实现方式,包括硬件电荷转移和软件提高信噪比（SNR）两部分,其中硬件电荷转移包括CCD的X和Y两个方向的特殊处理,软件提高信噪比用DSP实现．针对STS星敏感器完成初步设计和计算,表明该方法可以提高星敏感器的动态性能．     

Bacterial survival in response to desiccation and high humidity at above zero and subzero temperatures

Earthly microorganisms might have contaminated Mars for millions of years by intellectual activities or natural transfer. Knowledge on the preservation of microorganisms may help our searching for life on outer planets, particularly Mars-contaminated earthly microorganisms at ancient time. Extreme dryness is one of the current Mars characteristics. However, a humid or watery Mars at earlier time was suggested by evidence accumulated in recent decades. It raises the question that whether water helps preservation of the microorganisms or not, particularly those with high possibility of interplanetary transfer like spores and Deinococci. In this study, we examined the effects of desiccation and high humidity on survival and DNA double strand breaks (DSB) of Escherichia coli, Deinococcus radiodurans and spores of Bacillus pumilus at 25, 4 and −70 °C. They exhibited different survival rates and DSB patterns under desiccation and high humidity. Higher survival and less DSB occurred at lower temperature. We suggest that some Mars-contaminated bacteria might have been viably preserved on cold Mars regions for long periods, regardless of water availability. It is more likely to find ancient spores than ancient Deinococci on Mars. In our search for preserved extraterrestrial life, priority should be given to the Mars Polar Regions.     

基于滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无传感器控制系统的优化研究

为了优化传统基于滑模观测器(SMO)的永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器控制系统的性能,分析了传统控制系统中相应模块的数学模型和控制算法存在的问题,建立了优化的基于SMO的PMSM无传感器控制系统模型并进行了仿真。通过分析传统SMO的数学模型,在保证SMO满足Lyapunov稳定条件的前提下,根据电机不同工况对滑模增益进行实时优化,提高了SMO的观测性能。为了提高锁相环(PLL)输出信号的质量,在PLL输入端加上低通滤波器,并对低通滤波环节造成的位置角度偏差进行补偿。通过仿真验证上述所采用优化策略的正确性和可行性,结果表明:优化模型在保证系统动态性能的同时能够获得比传统观察系统质量更高的观测信号。     

超精密加工中圆度的在线测量与补偿技术

综合利用微机系统、动态检测、信号处理、微位移等技术,研究开发补偿主轴径向误差运动提高工件圆度的新技术。在国产S1—235超精密车床进行了补偿切削试验,工件圆度改善60％以上,圆度值优于0.05μm。     

姿控发动机推力测量系统的动态建模与补偿

在姿控发动机的瞬态推力测量中,推力测量系统的动态特性是影响推力准确测量的一个至关重要的因素。根据姿控发动机推力测量的特点,针对某型号姿控发动机设计了专用的试车台架,采用了动态标定、动态补偿和计算机仿真有机结合的方法,对推力测量系统动态特性的改善进行了研究。仿真结果表明,此方法在改善推力测量系统动态性能方面是行之有效的,可将其进一步推广到其它动态测量系统。     

一种新颖的在线自校正死区补偿策略

为解决正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)电压源逆变器在低频和轻载时死区效应所导致的相电压、相电流畸变和转矩脉动等问题,提出了一种新颖的在线自校正死区补偿策略。该策略考虑了死区时间、功率器件管压降、开通时间、关断时间等对逆变器输出电流的影响,而且对直流母线电压和载波频率的波动进行了自校正在线计算补偿。最后,对输出电流进行了死区补偿前和补偿后的对比试验,结果表明该方法具有较好的补偿效果。     

高温度梯度定向凝固装置的研究

本文介绍了自行设计的具有高温度梯度的定向凝固装置,最高温度梯度可达230℃/cm。该装置温度场的理论分析和实验表明,在炉底部增加一个内径很小的加热圈;在冷却器中采用具有高激冷能力的低熔点Ga-In-Sn液态金属为冷却液;都能显著提高温度梯度和增加稳态凝固区的长度。     

Error modeling and compensating of a novel 6-DOF aeroengine rotor docking equipment

In the docking process of aeroengine rotor parts, docking accuracy that indicates the gaps between the end faces is strictly required. A key issue is improving docking accuracy using automated docking equipment. In this paper, a systematic study is carried out on the error modeling and compensation of a novel six-degrees-of-freedom(6-DOF) docking equipment for aeroengine rotors. First, a new model for indicating the main indexes of docking accuracy is proposed. Then, the error model of a special...     

Application of novel force control strategies to enhance robotic abrasive belt grinding quality of aero-engine blades

Robotic belt grinding has emerged as a finishing process in recent years for machining components with high surface finish and flexibility.The surface machining consistency, however,is difficult to be guaranteed in such a process.To overcome this problem, a method of hybrid force-position control combined with PI/PD control is proposed to be applied in robotic abrasive belt grinding of complex geometries.Voltage signals are firstly obtained and transformed to force information with signal conditioning methods.Secondly, zero drift and gravity compensation algorithms are presented to calibrate the F/T transducer which is installed on the robot end-effector.Next, a force control strategy combining hybrid force-position control with PI/PD control is introduced to be employed in robotic abrasive belt grinding operations where the force control law is applied to the Z direction of the tool frame and the positon control law is used in the X direction of the tool frame.Then, the accuracy of the F/T transducer and the robotic force control system is analyzed to ensure the stability and reliability of force control in the robotic grinding process.Finally, two typical cases on robotic belt grinding of a test workpiece and an aero-engine blade are conducted to validate the practicality and effectiveness of the force control technology proposed.     

Comprehensive outage compensation of real-time orbit and clock corrections with broadcast ephemeris for ambiguity-fixed precise point positioning

The main challenge in real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is that the data outages or large time lags in receiving precise orbit and clock corrections greatly degrade the continuity and real-time performance of PPP positioning. To solve this problem, instead of directly predicting orbit and clock corrections in previous researches, this paper presents an alternative approach of generating combined corrections including orbit error, satellite clock and receiver-related error with broadcast ephemeris. Using ambiguities and satellite fractional-cycle biases (FCBs) of previous epoch and the short-term predicted tropospheric delay through linear extrapolation model (LEM), combined corrections at current epoch are retrieved and weighted with multiple reference stations, and further broadcast to user for continuous enhanced positioning during outages of orbit and clock corrections. To validate the proposed method, two reference station network with different inter-station distance from National Geodetic Survey (NGS) network are used for experiments with six different time lags (i.e., 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s), and one set of data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is also used. The performance of LEM is investigated, and the troposphere prediction accuracy of low elevation (e.g., 10–20degrees) satellites has been improved by 44.1% to 79.0%. The average accuracy of combined corrections before and after LEM is used is improved by 12.5% to 77.3%. Without LEM, an accuracy of 2–3 cm can be maintained only in case of small time lags, while the accuracies with LEM are all better than 2 cm in case of different time lags. The performance of simulated kinematic PPP at user end is assessed in terms of positioning accuracy and epoch fix rate. In case of different time lags, after LEM is used, the average accuracy in horizontal direction is better than 3 cm, and the accuracy in up direction is better than 5 cm. At the same time, the epoch fix rate has also increased to varying degrees. The results of the UAV data show that in real kinematic environment, the proposed method can still maintain a positioning accuracy of several centimeters in case of 20 s time lag.