星机双基地SAR的工作模式研究

由于卫星速度远快于飞机,传统的条带式已不适用于星机双基地SAR。有文献提出一种"双向滑动聚束式",但该模式存在成像场景长度短、成像算法复杂等缺点。利用星机双基地SAR接收机端信噪比高的特点,提出两种新的工作模式,分别是"卫星宽波束、飞机反向滑动聚束式"和"双宽波束式"。当仅展宽飞机波束时,"双宽波束式"演变为"宽波束接收式"。从理论上分析两种工作模式的可行性,并计算得出典型参数下的技术指标。相比于"双向滑动聚束式",在方位分辨率相等的条件下,这些新模式的场景长度都明显增加。但除"宽波束接收式"外,所提两种新模式将使返回卫星的单基地回波无法使用。文末分析了几种工作模式的适用场合。     

空间机器人神经网络自适应滑模目标操控轨迹跟踪控制

针对参数未知的空间目标操控问题,考虑空间机器人负载不确定性、系统动力学不确定性和环境扰动等因素,为实现操作过程的稳定控制及机器人轨迹的有效跟踪,提出一种基于径向基神经网络估计不确定项的自适应增益非奇异终端滑模变结构控制器。首先基于拉格朗日法建立空间机器人的刚体动力学模型。考虑空间机器人基座姿态主动控制模式,使用径向基神经网络对模型中的不确定项进行估计。进而提出基于神经网络估计的非奇异终端滑模控制器,并针对不确定性和扰动的估计误差设计自适应增益,以期实现空间机器人系统轨迹跟踪控制的收敛。仿真校验结果表明所设计的控制方法具有较好的误差收敛速度和控制精度。     

抛物形吸气式脉冲爆震激光推力器性能预示的解析模型

考虑激光束、推力器构型以及大气环境三方面因素,建立了抛物形吸气式脉冲爆震 激 光推力器性能预示的解析计算模型。其中,将推力室内的流场发展过程分为吸收波和冲击波 衰减两个阶段,应用Sedov点爆炸理论,以等效锥形约束空间,引入单一的修正因子以反 映流场的不均匀性。计算表明,其结果同现有实验数据吻合。〖JP〗     

永磁同步电机定子系统模态振型研究

针对永磁同步电机振动及噪声的问题,从电机定子系统的结构模态入手,通过仿真分析不同铁心模型及不同机壳厚度对定子系统的影响,分析定子各参数对电机振动及噪声的影响。通过试验验证了仿真求解的可靠性,得到各参数对定子系统振型影响的一般规律。     

基于模态局部化效应的微机械加速度计研究进展

模态局部化效应是安德森局部化在结构动力学中的一种具体表现形式,其利用振动模态的能量局部集中效应实现了灵敏度的大幅度提高。因此,模态局部化效应近年来逐渐被用于研制高精度的谐振式传感器。介绍了模态局部化效应的基本原理及发展历程,及其在各类谐振式传感器中的应用及研究现状,包括质量传感器、电荷传感器、位移传感器以及刚度传感器。最后,着重介绍了模态局部化效应在惯性敏感器件加速度计中的应用及研究现状。     

An adaptive fast fixed-time guidance law with an impact angle constraint for intercepting maneuvering targets

Sliding mode guidance laws based on a conventional terminal sliding mode guarantees only finite-time convergence, which verifies that the settling time is required to be estimated by selecting appropriate initial launched conditions. However, rapid convergence to a desired impact angle within a uniform bounded finite time is important in most practical guidance applications. A uniformly finite-time/fixed-time convergent guidance law means that the convergence (settling) time is predefined independently on initial conditions, that is, a closed-loop convergence time can be estimated a priori by guidance parameters. In this paper, a novel adaptive fast fixed-time sliding mode guidance law to intercept maneuver targets at a desired impact angle from any initial heading angle, with no problems of singularity and chattering, is designed. The proposed guidance law achieves system stabilization within bounded settling time independent on initial conditions and achieves more rapid convergence than those of fixed-time stable control methods by accelerating the convergence rate when the system is close to the origin. The achieved acceleration-magnitude constraints are rigorously enforced, and the chattering-free property is guaranteed by adaptive switching gains. Extensive numerical simulations are presented to validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed guidance law for different initial engagement geometries and impact angles.     

飞机电静液作动器滑模 PID控制器设计

在多电飞机应用环境中,由于电静液作动器（Electro Hydrostatic Actuator,以下简称EHA）系统本身的强非线性与承载交变动载荷的不确定性,简单PID控制无法达到理想控制效果。提出了滑模 PID复合控制,电机电流环和转速环构成控制系统内环,以PI控制器实现电机调速;作动筒位置环为外环,以滑模控制提升系统的快速性和鲁棒性。建立了EHA数学模型,并设计了滑模控制器结构。仿真结果表明,滑模 PID复合控制方法能有效地消除超调和减小跟随误差,实现对EHA位置的精确控制。     

Fundamental (f) oscillations in a magnetically coupled solar interior-atmosphere system – An analytical approach

Solar fundamental (f) acoustic mode oscillations are investigated analytically in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. The model consists of three layers in planar geometry, representing the solar interior, the magnetic atmosphere, and a transitional layer sandwiched between them. Since we focus on the fundamental mode here, we assume the plasma is incompressible. A horizontal, canopy-like, magnetic field is introduced to the atmosphere, in which degenerated slow MHD waves can exist. The global (f-mode) oscillations can couple to local atmospheric Alfvén waves, resulting, e.g., in a frequency shift of the oscillations. The dispersion relation of the global oscillation mode is derived, and is solved analytically for the thin-transitional layer approximation and for the weak-field approximation. Analytical formulae are also provided for the frequency shifts due to the presence of a thin transitional layer and a weak atmospheric magnetic field. The analytical results generally indicate that, compared to the fundamental value ($\omega =\sqrt{\mathit{gk}}$), the mode frequency is reduced by the presence of an atmosphere by a few per cent. A thin transitional layer reduces the eigen-frequencies further by about an additional hundred microhertz. Finally, a weak atmospheric magnetic field can slightly, by a few percent, increase the frequency of the eigen-mode. Stronger magnetic fields, however, can increase the f-mode frequency by even up to ten per cent, which cannot be seen in observed data. The presence of a magnetic atmosphere in the three-layer model also introduces non-permitted propagation windows in the frequency spectrum; here, f-mode oscillations cannot exist with certain values of the harmonic degree. The eigen-frequencies can be sensitive to the background physical parameters, such as an atmospheric density scale-height or the rate of the plasma density drop at the photosphere. Such information, if ever observed with high-resolution instrumentation and inverted, could help to gain further insight into solar magnetic structures by means of solar magneto-seismology, and could provide further insight into the role of magnetism in solar oscillations.     

Kink mode m = 1 in magnetic tube with discontinuous magnetic field

In this paper, we study conditions of realization and stability of kink modes with azimuthal wave numbers $m=\pm 1$ in cylindrical plasma flex with twisted magnetic field and homogeneous current along its axis. We assume permanent axial magnetic field both inside and outside the flex, surrounded by currentless plasma. Azimuthal magnetic field decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the boundary beyond the flex. We derived dispersion equations for stable and unstable modes in approximation of “thin” plasma flex. The analysis of equations has been provided for the case of discontinuous axial magnetic field on flex’s boundary. Conditions of propagation of wave modes have been defined. It was shown, that unstable modes can be implemented in certain interval of longitudinal wavenumbers. Results can be applied for the interpretation of solar magnetic tubes behavior, using measurements, provided by spacecrafts.     

有限时间收敛的阻力加速度跟踪进入制导律

摘要：针对地球或火星的大气层进入过程提出一种具有有限时间收敛性质的阻力加速度跟踪鲁棒制导律.将再入动力学方程抽象为一类带有不确定性及扰动的非线性系统,并针对该类系统提出一种基于滑模控制的有限时间鲁棒控制律.将所提出的理论方法应用于阻力加速度跟踪制导律的设计中,设计可使阻力加速度在有限时间内跟踪上标称值的制导律.仿真验证方法的有效性和先进性.