Topology optimization of joint load control with geometrical nonlinearity

This paper presents an extended topology optimization approach considering joint load constraints with geo-metrical nonlinearity in design of assembled structures. The geometrical nonlinearity is firstly included to reflect the structural response and the joint load distribution under large deformation. To avoid a failure of fastener joints, topology optimization is then carried out to minimize the structural end compliance in the equilibrium state while controlling joint loads intensities over fasteners. During nonlinear analysis and optimization, a novel implementation of adjoint vector sensitivity analysis along with super element condensation is introduced to address numerical instability issues. The degrees of freedom of weak regions are condensed so that their influences are excluded from the iterative Newton-Raphson (NR) solution. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method. The effects of joint load constraints and geometrical nonlinearity are highlighted by comparing numerical optimization results.     

太阳帆结构分析

太阳帆是人类向太空发射的一种宇宙探测器。本文推导建立了太阳帆结构分析的理论方程组；利用数值计算方法进行了全结构分析；采用罚函数法，确定了满足各种技术条件下的转速及辐条长度之间的可用范围；同时，在引入某些假设的前提下，得出了方程组的近似理论解。它们为太阳帆强度分析、结构形状保持能力提供了论理基础，也为太阳帆的设计提供了依据。本文最后提供了某实际发射的太阳帆结构的分析结果。本文的分析手段可作为大型柔性结构分析的参考     

玻璃纤维-铝锂合金层板机翼前缘结构的成型工艺研究

以机翼前缘典型件为成型目标,研究了玻璃纤维-铝锂合金超混杂复合层板(NFMLs)大曲率构件的自成形工艺。研究发现,自成形工艺可实现NFMLs机翼前缘等大曲率构件的成型,贴膜度高、厚度均匀性好、无显著分层缺陷、成型过程未形成较大的残余应力,为超混杂复合材料在飞机机翼蒙皮结构中的应用研究提供参考。     

超高燃速推进剂的燃速催化剂研制

合成了三种含铜或／和铅的有机金属化合物燃速催化剂ＰＡＣ、ＰＡＰＣ和ＰＡＰ,它们对ＡＰ微孔固体推进剂燃烧有显著催化作用,其中ＰＡＣ和ＰＡＰＣ能使该推进剂在５ＭＰａ～２５ＭＰａ压力范围内达到１ｍ／ｓ以上的超高燃速,燃烧较为平稳。通过热分析和实测燃速等探讨了催化剂对推进剂催化燃烧的主要作用阶段。     

Polarization studies of magnetic cataclysmic variables

I discuss methods and results in the use of photo-polarimetry and spectro-polarimetry in the studies of magnetic cataclysmic variables. In particular I show how polarimetry can be used to derive the geometry of the accretion region on the surface of the white dwarf, the accreting geometry of the system as a whole and how polarimetry aides in the interpretation of X-ray/optical photometry and spectroscopy. I finish by describing the high speed spectro-polarimetric capabilities of SALT (Southern African Large Telescope) due for completion in 2005.     

Observations and theory of cataclysmic variables: On progress and problems in understanding dwarf novae and nova-like stars

After brief historical and theoretical introductions to the field, observed properties of dwarf novae and non-magnetic nova-like stars are reviewed. Photometric observations splitted into events on time-scales of months to years (outburst light curves), hours (orbital light curves) and minutes and below (flickering and oscillations), respectively, and spectroscopic observations are presented. The emphasis is on one hand on the features common to many objects in an attempt to gain some impression on what could be considered typical features. On the other hand observations are highlighted that spectacularly deviate from these common trends as they may give some hint as to what the possible range of variability is. Whenever possible, the implications for the physical properties and possible models of the systems are pointed out. Furthermore, for each section the current status of the conceptual understanding and attempts to model this are briefly reviewed and, finally, confronted with the observations.     

硅酸钙复合纳米孔超级绝热板材的研制

以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2气凝胶先驱体,而后采用真空浸渍工艺将SiO2气凝胶先驱体与硬硅钙石复合,最后经超临界干燥技术制备出了硅酸钙复合纳米孔超级绝热板材。研究了硬硅钙石密度、浸渍真空度、气凝胶原料配比对硅酸钙板材增重率的影响。结果表明,增重率随硬硅钙石密度的减小而增大,但随浸渍真空度和气凝胶原料配比中正硅酸乙酯的增加而增大。对制得的超级绝热板材进行了X射线衍射、扫描电镜、孔径分布等测试;结果表明,这种材料具有纳米孔结构特征(平均孔径为9.1 nm,孔径小于50 nm的孔超过80%,其他都在80 nm以内),常温常压下热导率为25 mW/(m.K),匀温灼烧试验(1 273 K)的线性收缩率仅为1%,并且无贯穿裂纹。因此有望用作航天飞机的隔热瓦,具有潜在的航天应用前景。     

时变微弱扩频信号检测

提出了一种解决微弱高动态扩频信号捕获的新方法,利用分数阶域滤波设计了伪码—时频联合匹配滤波的框架,最后进行了相关计算并给出了应用实例。     

基于精英群引导下量子粒子群算法的快速零陷形成技术

引入罚函数项,建立了一种新的发射波束方向图综合控零的多目标优化模型。用适应度值排序建立由种群非支配解组成的精英群,以精英群中的粒子作为全局最优解引导粒子飞行;用爬坡策略更新全局最优解,给出了基于精英群引导的量子粒子群算法。对阵列权值采用加权优化,可在发射波束指定方向的多零陷、宽凹口。仿真结果表明：算法对多目标的优化较文献算法更优,能优化阵列权值在指定方向快速形成零陷。