Periodic event-triggered formation control for multi-UAV systems with collision avoidance

In this paper, periodic event-triggered formation control problems with collision avoidance are studied for leader–follower multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Firstly, based on the Artificial Potential Field (APF) method, a novel sliding manifold is proposed for controller design, which can solve the problem of collision avoidance. Then, the event-triggered strategy is applied to the distributed formation control of multi-UAV systems, where the evaluation of the event condition is continuous. In addition, the exclusion of Zeno behavior can be guaranteed by the inter-event time between two successive trigger events have a positive lower bound. Next, a periodic event-triggered mechanism is developed for formation control based on the continuous event-triggered mechanism. The periodic trigger mechanism does not need additional hardware circuits and sophisticated sensors, which can reduce the control cost. The stability of the control system is proved by the Lyapunov function method. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control protocol.     

考虑通信延迟的卫星集群改进蜂拥控制

针对卫星集群的无碰撞协同运动问题,提出了一种改进的蜂拥控制策略。首先,结合Prim算法和广度优先算法设计了一种计算度、半径约束最小生成树的拓扑优化方法,并将优化结果作为星群的通信拓扑。该方法不仅能够节省每个卫星的通信资源,还能够减少星群网络的通信延迟。随后,为提高参考轨迹生成的快速性,采用基于傅里叶级数的形状曲线逼近法对主星参考轨迹进行规划。在此基础之上,提出了一种考虑通信延迟与碰撞规避的蜂拥控制策略,使星群能够在保证通信连通性的前提下沿参考轨迹运动到目标点附近,并且在运动过程中不发生碰撞。经过理论分析,利用Lyapunov Razumikhin定理证明了卫星集群系统能够达到渐近稳定。最后,通过数值仿真验证了所提控制策略的正确性和有效性。     

基于自适应通信拓扑的无人机集群弱路径约束下的分布式控制器设计

针对传统无人机集群飞行控制需要规划过多飞行路径的问题，设计一种结合线性二次型调节器(LQR)与机间防撞的分布式协同控制器，不需要为集群设计相对构型，只需给定一条满足无人机动力学约束的飞行路径，集群就可沿路径飞行。该控制器通过设计自适应通信拓扑来稳定加入机间防撞机制带来的抖振效应，并使集群具有良好可扩展性。仿真结果表明，所设计的分布式控制器可以实现规划一条路径下无人机集群无机间碰撞的稳定飞行。     

Model predictive control for close-proximity maneuvering of spacecraft with adaptive convexification of collision avoidance constraints

This study investigated model predictive control (MPC) for close-proximity maneuvering of spacecraft. It is essential for a designed MPC to effectively handle collision avoidance between the servicer spacecraft and the client spacecraft, especially while the client is rotating. The rotating motion of the client leads to dynamic changes in the collision avoidance constraints, which increases the difficulty of optimizing the control input in the MPC framework. Therefore, this study presents a method to improve the performance and computational efficiency of MPC for rendezvous and docking with a nonrotating or rotating client. An ellipsoid is adopted to model the client’s keep-out zone (KOZ). Given the spherical KOZ of the servicer, an expanded ellipsoid is introduced to describe the KOZ for the center of mass of the servicer and modeled as a nonlinear constraint. The linearization method for reference points located at the expanded ellipsoid is adopted to convexify the nonlinear constraints. The reference points are adaptively determined according to the positions of the servicer, client, and expanded ellipsoidal KOZ. The resulting hyperplanes are then used to describe the collision avoidance constraints. By utilizing the aforementioned strategies, combined with the calculated reference points, an adaptive convex programming algorithm suitable for real-time implementation of MPC is derived. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated through numerical simulations.     

航天器反应式碎片规避动作规划方法

提出一种航天器反应式碎片规避动作规划方法，首先以扰动流体动态系统(IFDS)算法作为动作规划的基础算法，通过其中的总和扰动矩阵对航天器的轨道速度矢量进行修正，实现轨道机动规避；然后，建立基于双延迟深度确定性策略梯度(TD3)深度强化学习算法的反应式动作规划方法，通过TD3在线优化IFDS规划参数，实现对碎片群的“状态-动作”最优、快速规避决策。在此基础上，将优先级经验回放和渐进式学习策略引入该方法中，提升训练效率。最后，仿真结果表明，所提方法可使航天器安全规避多发、突发、动态且形状各异的空间碎片群，且具有较好的实时性。     

无人机空中冲突探测与避撞研究

近年来，无人机运输业迅猛发展，其飞行过程中的冲突探测与避撞问题成为亟需解决的关键问题。在无人机周围建立合理的三维空间模型，优化包括紧急避撞区域、一般避撞区域、监视及提前避撞区域的三级避撞区域系统，并利用ADS-B 报文提供的无人机位置、速度等信息，基于无人机一般二维平面上的冲突探测与避撞算法，通过增加垂直方向上的冲突识别来改进冲突探测算法，对比调速、调向两种避让方案在各避撞区域的成功率。结果表明：改进算法能在无人机数量大幅增加的情况下有效识别冲突无人机，同时采用先调速后调向的避让方案，避撞成功率达到99.75%，可为保障无人机的飞行安全提供有效策略。