稀土永磁无刷直流发电机特性分析

本文讨论了一种新型永磁无刷直流发电机的构成和工作原理,并指出稀土永磁方波电机与工作于方波方式的升压型功率变换器协调工作,是实现最佳配合的一种新方案.文中还详细分析了该电机的特性:输出电压U_0、导通比D_y、输入电流I_i与转速n的关系;输出电压的脉动△u_0、输入电流的脉动△I_i、外特性和效率。样机实验表明,分析是正确的。 电力电子器件的发展,将日益显示这种新型电机的生命力。我国稀土资源丰富,发展稀土电机有广阔的前景,稀土电机的发展与电力电子变换器的发展关系十分密切.本文就是从两者的结合方面进行分析讨论的。为机电一体化电机的开发和设计提供了理论和技术基础。     

空间太阳X射线成像望远镜技术

阐述了空间太阳X射线成像望远镜(SXT)在近地环境空间天气观测中的作用和意义。介绍了国内外SXT技术的发展和应用情况，分析了仪器的工作原理、主要观测目标和应具备的基本功能以及关键部件。     

Evolutionary features of polar and non-polar coronal holes during solar cycle 24 and the rising phase of cycle 25

This paper presents the results of the analysis of the evolution of coronal holes (CHs) on the Sun during the period May 13, 2010 – March 20, 2022, covering Solar Cycle 24. Our study uses images in the extreme-ultraviolet iron line (Fe XII 193 Å) obtained with the Atmospheric Imager Assembly of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (AIA/SDO). To localize CHs and determine their areas, we used the Heliophysics Event Knowledgebase (HEK). We separate the CHs into polar and non-polar and study the evolutionary features of each group. During this period, an asymmetry between the Northern (N) and Southern (S) Hemispheres (N-S or hemispheric asymmetry) is detected both in the solar activity (SA) indices and in the localization of the maximum areas of the polar and non-polar CHs. It is shown that the hemispheric asymmetry of the areas of polar and non-polar CHs varies significantly over time and that the nature of these changes is clearly related to the SA cycle. We find that for most of the period, the polar CHs were predominated generated in the S- hemisphere while the non-polar CHs were dominant in the N- hemisphere. It is found that the maximum and minimum of the hemispheric imbalance in the areas of non-polar CHs are close in time to the maximum and minimum of the asymmetry of the SA indices (the number and areas of sunspots). The maximum hemispheric imbalance of the polar CH areas is observed at the maximum of Cycle 24, and the minimum imbalance is found at the cycle minimum. These results confirm our assumption that these two types of CHs are of a different nature and that the non-polar CHs, like sunspots, are elements of the general magnetic activity.     

Highlights of the Brazilian Solar Spectroscope

The digital, decimetric (950–2500 MHz) Brazilian Solar Spectroscope (BSS, Sawant, H.S., Subramanian, K.R., Faria, C., et al. Brazilian Solar Spectroscope (BSS). Solar Phys. 200, 167–176, 2001) with high time (10–1000 ms) and frequency (1–10 MHz) resolution is in regular operation since April, 1998, at the National Space Research Institute (INPE) at São José dos Campos, Brazil. The BSS has now been upgraded with a new digital data acquisition and data processing system. The new version of the BSS has improved the observational possibilities with the capability to record up to 200 frequency channels available in the selectable frequency range 950–2500 MHz. The GPS receiver permits the acquisition of data with time accuracy in the order of 0.1 ms. The software system of the BSS is composed by two distinct modules: the first, data acquisition system provides a flexible Graphical User Interface (GUI) that allows one to choose the observational parameters. The second module is the real time visualization system that permits real time visualization of the observed dynamic spectrum and additionally allows procedures for visualization and preliminary analysis of the recorded solar spectra. Using the new visualization system, we have realized two new types of dm-radio fine structures: narrow band type III bursts with positive as well as negative group frequency drift and dots emissions arranged in zebra-like and fiber-like chains. Furthermore, we have found flare generated fast wave trains according to their tadpole signature in wavelet power spectra for a decimetric type IV radio event (June 6, 2000 flare).     

基于联合滤波器的高精度卫星定姿系统设计

设计了由陀螺、GPS姿态敏感器、红外地平仪和太阳敏感器构成的太阳同步极轨卫星姿态确定系统。提出联邦滤波器结构和算法,推导了各子系统的量测方程和姿态确定系统的误差状态方程。为规避对量测值进行非相关处理,采用减小GPS姿态敏感器输出的姿态滤波值作为系统滤波器量测值的频率的方法。仿真结果表明,采用联邦滤波器对多敏感器卫星姿态确定系统进行信息融合,具有计算量小、精度高、可靠性好等优点。     

电动汽车牵引用永磁同步电机的场路联合仿真

基于Maxwell 2D和Simplorer联合仿真平台,以1台额定功率20 kW的电动汽车牵引用永磁同步电机为研究对象,建立考虑电机饱和问题和损耗影响的电机牵引系统仿真模型。通过分析恒转矩工作区间id=0控制与MTPA控制、高速运行区间id=0控制与弱磁控制的牵引特性,具体对比了电机的磁链、电流、转矩脉动、驱动效率等特性。通过试验测试,验证了仿真方法的正确性,为电动汽车牵引电机调速系统的控制仿真提供了参考。     

Testing the asymmetric cone model for halo CMEs using STEREO/SECCHI coronagraphic observations

Space weather is significantly controlled by halo coronal mass ejections (HCMEs) originating close to the central meridian and directing toward the Earth. Unfortunately, coronagraphic observations (especially for HCMEs) are subject to a projection effect which makes it impossible to determine the true radial velocity and width of CMEs. However, these parameters can be estimated by correcting for the projection effect using the asymmetric cone model (Michalek, 2006). A set of 20 CMEs, observed as halo events in the LASCO field of view and simultaneously as limb events in the STEREO/SECCHI field of view, are used to check the accuracy of the asymmetric cone model. For this purpose, characteristics of the considered CMEs (angular widths and radial speeds) measured in STEREO/SECCHI images are compared with those obtained by the asymmetric cone model. We demonstrate that the widths and speeds determined by both methods are very similar. Correlation coefficients for speeds and angular widths are 0.99 and 0.96, respectively. We have also shown that the projection effect is unpredictable and could sometimes be very significant (up to 100% of the velocity measured in the LASCO field of view). On average, the SOHO/LASCO projected speeds for the HCMEs are 23% smaller than the radial velocities obtained from the STEREO/SECCHI images.     

基于不同拓扑结构的十二相同步发电机整流电压波形分析

传统中小功率十二相整流型同步发电机电压等级较低,整流装置通常采用4套不控整流单元并联结构。随着舰船中压直流综合电力技术的发展,整流发电系统的容量和电压等级大幅提升,十二相整流单元采用两并两串的拓扑结构可以适应发电机绕组较高的电压设计值,同时整流端中性线可引出用于电力推进调速装置的均压控制。分析了两并两串拓扑结构的不同联接组合型式,重点对两种可行的拓扑结构下的直流侧电压波形进行了解析计算,并通过仿真与试验验证了理论分析的正确性,证明了(Y1//Y3)+(Y2//Y4)拓扑结构为最优组合方式,具有最佳的直流电压品质。     

永磁直线同步电机超短反馈滑模控制研究

永磁直线同步电机矢量控制的速度环常采用PI控制。传统PI控制器在速度追踪时存在起动过程超调大、受到负载扰动时调节时间长等不足之处。为提高伺服性能,滑模控制被应用到伺服系统中,但其缺点是存在抖振问题。因此,提出一种基于内分泌激素调节的滑模控制方法,可以有效降低速度的超调量,缩短受到外部扰动时的调节时间。在MATLAB中搭建了系统的仿真模型,仿真结果表明其对速度和推力的控制效果显著,优于传统的PI控制和常规的滑模控制。     

五桥臂双永磁同步电机系统优化模型预测控制

五桥臂逆变器传统模型预测控制一个控制周期内由单矢量作用,降低了2台电机的运行性能。针对该问题,提出了优化模型预测控制策略。通过对2台电机有效电压矢量和零电压矢量的占空比进行整体优化分配,减小电机的转矩波动,提高2台电机的控制精度,进而在满足2台三相电机控制独立性的情况下,提升了电机系统的控制性能。仿真结果验证了所提优化模型预测控制的正确性和有效性。