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41.
R. J. Murphy 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):127-138
Interactions of ions accelerated in solar flares produce gamma-ray lines and continuum and neutrons. These emissions contain
a rich set of observables that provides information about both the accelerated ions and the environment where the ions are
transported and interact. Ion interactions with the various nuclei present in the ambient medium produce gamma-ray lines at
unique energies. How abundance information is extracted from the measurements is discussed and results from analyses of a
number of solar flares are presented. The analyses indicate that the composition of the ambient gas where the ions interact
(typically at chromospheric densities) is different from that of the photosphere and more like the composition of the corona,
exhibiting low-FIP elemental enhancements that may vary from flare to flare. Evidence for increased Ne/O and the photospheric
3He abundance is also discussed. 相似文献
42.
P. C. Frisch 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):355-365
The properties of interstellar matter at the Sun are regulated by our location with respect to a void in the local matter
distribution, known as the Local Bubble. The Local Bubble (LB) is bounded by associations of massive stars and fossil supernovae
that have disrupted dense interstellar matter (ISM), driving low density intermediate velocity ISM into the void. The Sun
appears to be located in one of these flows of low density material. This nearby interstellar matter, dubbed the Local Fluff,
has a bulk velocity of ∼19 km s−1 in the local standard of rest. The flow is coming from the direction of the gas and dust ring formed where the Loop I supernova
remnant merges into the LB. Optical polarization data suggest that the local interstellar magnetic field lines are draped
over the heliosphere. A longstanding discrepancy between the high thermal pressure of plasma filling the LB and low thermal
pressures in the embedded Local Fluff cloudlets is partially mitigated when the ram pressure component parallel to the cloudlet
flow direction is included. 相似文献
43.
Keith T. Strong 《Space Science Reviews》1994,70(1-2):133-142
We review recent observations by the Yohkoh-SXT in collaboration with other spacecraft and ground-based observatories of coronal loops and prominences. These new results point to problems that SoHO will be able to address. With a unique combination of rapid-cadence digital imaging (32 s full-disk and 2 s partial-frame images), high spatial resolution (2.5 arcsec pixels), high sensitivity (EM 1042 cm–3), a low-scatter mirror, and large dynamic range, SXT can observe a vast range of targets on the Sun. Over the first 21 months of Yohkoh operations, SXT has taken over one million images of the corona and so is building up an invaluable long-term database on the large-scale corona and loop geometry. The most striking thing about the SXT images is the range of loop sizes and shapes. The active regions are a bright tangle of magnetic field lines, surrounded by a network of large-scale quiet-Sun loops stretching over distances in excess of 105 km. The cross-section of most loops seems to be constant. Loops displaying significant increase in the ratio of the footpoint to loop-top diameter () are the exception, not the rule, implying the presence of widespread currents in the corona.All magnetic structures show changes. Time scales range from seconds to months. The question of how these structures are formed, become filled with hot plasma, and are maintained is still open. While we see the propagation of brightenings along the length of active-region loops and in X-ray jets with velocities of several hundred km/s, much higher velocities are seen in the quiet Sun. In XBP flares, for example, velocities of over 1000 km/s are common. Active-region loops seem to be in constant motion, moving slowly outward, carrying plasma with them. During flares, loops often produce localized brightenings at the base and later at the apex of the loop. Quiescent filaments and prominences have been observed regularly. Their coronal manifestation seems to be an extended arcade of loops overlying the filament. Reliable alignment of the ground-based data with the X-ray images make it possible to make a detailed intercomparison of the hot and cold plasma structures over extended periods. Hence we are able to follow the long-term evolution of these structures and see how they become destabilized and erupt. 相似文献
44.
T. S. Bastian 《Space Science Reviews》1994,68(1-4):261-274
Radio and X-ray observations of stellar flares provide the most direct probes of energy relaase particle acceleration, and energy transport on stars other than the Sun. In this review, the observational basis for our understanding of the flare phenomenon on other stars is briefly described and outstanding interpretive and theoretical issues are discussed. I shall confine my attention to objects which are solar-like, to the extent that they possess deep convective envelopes and display activity which is presumed to be magnetic in origin. These include pre-main sequence objects, classical flare stars, and close binaries. Future directions are briefly discussed. 相似文献
45.
F.B. Rizzato A.C.-L. Chian M.V. Alves R. Erichsen S.R. Lopes G.I. de Oliveira R. Pakter E.L. Rempel 《Space Science Reviews》2003,107(1-2):507-514
Langmuir waves and turbulence resulting from an electron beam-plasma instability play a fundamental role in the generation
of solar radio bursts. We report recent theoretical advances in nonlinear dynamics of Langmuir waves. First, starting from
the generalized Zakharov equations, we study the parametric excitation of solar radio bursts at the fundamental plasma frequency
driven by a pair of oppositely propagating Langmuir waves with different wave amplitudes. Next, we briefly discuss the emergence
of chaos in the Zakharov equations. We point out that chaos can lead to turbulence in the source regions of solar radio emissions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
46.
C. De Jager 《Space Science Reviews》2005,120(3-4):197-241
47.
大迎角三角翼旋涡运动及其破碎特性的数值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从流体力学的基本方程出发,利用Hall的涡核准柱假设,导出反映涡核运动的N-S方程。采用差分方法计算旋涡流场,进而分析三角翼上前缘分离涡的运动特点及其破碎机下。从计算结果可以看出,旋涡的轴向速度向下游逐渐下降,且涡心处于降较快,外缘下降较慢,反映了粘性作用自涡心外缘逐渐下降的特点;涡核外缘的径向速度开始为负,说明开始阶段有流体流入涡核,随着旋涡向下游运动,径向速度有所增加,到一定位置后增加迅速,说 相似文献
48.
超声爬波无损检测方法的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文介绍了超声无损检测中一种具有较好应用前景的波型──超声爬波。试验研究了爬波检测时缺陷定位、定性评定的方法,并给出了主要结论。 相似文献
49.
50.
北京天文台在2.84GHz频率上观测到的带短时标精细结构的微波爆发与日本YOHKOH卫星上HXT在1991年10月-1992年12月观测到的硬X射线爆发(HXB)事件作了比较,发现在20个微波精细结构爆发事件只有12个与YOHKOH卫星记录的HXB有对应关系.本文对1992年6月7日典型事件中2.84GHz与HXB共同存在的百秒量级的准周期振荡作了分析及源区参数的计算,并作了简要的讨论. 相似文献