添加稀土元素对热障涂层YSZ陶瓷层晶格畸变的影响

 采用第一原理赝势平面波方法对添加稀土元素的二氧化锆晶胞进行了几何优化计算,对计算后的X-O键键长、晶格常数变化及键集居数进行了分析,并将计算结果与实验数据进行对比讨论。结果表明,添加稀土元素后,二氧化锆晶胞将发生膨胀畸变,X-O键键长变大,键集居数变小。这些变化引起晶格振动频率降低,声子散射加剧,从而使材料热扩散系数降低。此外,在一定范围内,稀土元素的共价半径越大,所引起的膨胀畸变也越大,键集居数越小,材料的热扩散系数也会更小。     

放宽纵向静稳定度飞机的平尾面积收益分析方法

 从飞机配平角度出发,讨论了飞机的平尾面积和重心后移量对飞机纵向气动导数的单一和综合影响,推导出了平尾面积与重心后移量之间的数学关系,提出了一种新的分析和计算相结合的方法来快速分析放宽纵向静稳定度飞机的平尾面积收益,并应用该方法分析了放宽伊尔-76飞机纵向静稳定度的平尾面积-收益。     

Whistler waves in plasmas with time-varying magnetic field: Laboratory investigation

Modulation of whistler waves in a plasma with time-dependant magnetic field perturbations was investigated experimentally. The experiments were performed on large “Krot” device, which was specially designed to study space plasma physics phenomena. It is shown that magnetic field variations on the wave propagation path can lead to splitting of initially continuous whistler wave into the sequence of bursts, whose repetition rate corresponds to magnetic field perturbation period. The frequency inside each burst is changing from its front edge to the back edge. Relative shift of the wave frequency can be as large as the relative magnetic disturbance. Distortion of whistler wave frequency spectrum after its passing through magnetically disturbed areas can be used as a diagnostics for low-frequency magnetic field variations. The applicability of our laboratory results to space plasma is discussed.     

Simultaneous investigation of magnetospheric plasma and spacecraft charging

The results of magnetospheric plasma fluxes measurement in geosynchronous orbit are presented. The measurements were done onboard the geosynchronous Russian “Electro” spacecraft (SC) in 1995–1997 years. The diurnal variations of the plasma density and temperature were observed at various levels of geomagnetic activity.     

直升机发动机燃油泵自吸油地面模拟试验中用正、负压模拟燃油过载的研究

本文推导了在势函数π=fz的有势力场中一维绝热定常流的能量方程,并对该方程进行分析,提出了在直升机燃油系统地面模拟试验中用正、负压模拟从油箱到发动机吸油口管路中燃油的过载来进行在各种飞行高度、各种供油状态下的发动机燃油泵自吸油地面模拟试验。     

低速风洞设计中的导流片损失问题

低速回流式风洞中拐角部位的流动损失占总损失的比重很大，该位置导流片绕流的流动状况对于流动损失有明显的影响。与常规的工程估算方法不同，风洞实验与数值计算相结合，并通过正交优化能够对不同工作条件下导流片流动及其性能指标的变化规律进行研究，对特定的导流片找到了最佳的工作条件。     

微裂纹前缘应力强度因子的多元回归分析

根据文[1]计算的应力强度因子(SIFs)的近似值，利用逐步回归分析方法，对厚壁和薄壁的管道进行了考查，建立了应力强度因子与参数α、ξ、K1(a)中n的回归模型，得到了令人满意的结果，并将拟合和预测值与其他作者的结果作了比较。计算机结果表明，这种方法是可行的。     

论依法治校 规范高校学生管理

学生管理,是关系到高等学校办学质量、高等教育发展的重要因素.“依法治校”是高校学生管理的必由之路.本文试在论证新形势下高校学生管理工作特点的基础上,进-步阐述在法律范围内规范高校学生管理的内在要求,并探索一条现实的实现途径.     

The Effects of Transverse Magnetic Field and Density Variations on the Particle Energy Spectra in a Reconnecting 3D Current Sheet

Electron and proton acceleration by a super-Dreicer electric field is further investigated in a non-neutral reconnecting current sheet (RCS) with a variable plasma density. The tangential B _z and transverse magnetic field components B _x are assumed to vary with the distances x and z from the X nullpoint linearly and exponentially, respectively; the longitudinal component (a ‘guiding field’) is accepted constant. Particles are found to gain a bulk of their energy in a thin region close to the X nullpoint where the RCS density increases with z exponentially with the index λ and the tangential magnetic field B _x also increases with z exponentially with the index α. For the RCS with a constant density (λ = 0), the variations of the tangential magnetic field lead to particle power-law energy spectra with the spectral indices γ₁ being dependent on the exponent α as: for protons and for electrons in a strong guiding field (β > 10⁻²) and for electrons in a moderate or weak guiding field (β > 10⁻⁴). For the RCS with an exponential density increase in the vicinity of the X nullpoint (λ≥ 0) there is a further increase of the resulting spectral indices γ that depends on the density exponent index λ as for protons and for electrons in weaker guiding fields and as for electrons in stronger guiding fields. These dependencies can explain a wide variety (1.5–10) of particle spectral indices observed in solar flares by the variations of a magnetic field topology and physical conditions in a reconnecting region. This can be used as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of the RCS dynamics from the accelerated particle spectra found from hard X-ray and microwave emission.     

喷流反压模拟技术及在高超声速进气道实验中的应用

为研究高超声速进气道的反压特性以及不起动/再起动特性,提出了一种凹腔喷流反压模拟技术,在实验过程中通过控制阀门的开度可方便地且迅速地调节进气道的出口反压.利用该技术,还对一种马赫数为7级的轴对称高超声速的反压特性及不起动/再起动特性进行了研究,展示了该技术的实用性.结果表明:(1)所提出的凹腔喷流技术可在进气道下游形成较为均匀的、可控的背压环境,因此可用于进气道的反压特性研究;(2)适当调节凹腔的喷流总压,并在实验中实时控制阀门的开度,凹腔喷流技术能够在较短的风洞实验时间内(约8 s)实现进气道起动、不起动、再起动流态之间的切换,因此可用于进气道的不起动/再起动特性研究.