Modeling Pulsar Wind Nebulae

In the last few years, new observations by CHANDRA and XMM have shown that Pulsar Wind Nebulae present complex but similar inner features, with the presence of axisymmetric rings and jets, which are generally referred to as a jet-torus structure. Due to the rapid growth in accuracy and robustness of numerical schemes for relativistic fluid-dynamics, it is now possible to model the flow and magnetic structure of the relativistic plasma responsible for the emission. Recent results have clarified how the jet and rings are formed, suggesting that the morphology is strongly related to the wind properties, so that, in principle, it is possible to infer the conditions in the unshocked wind from the nebular emission. I will review here the current status in the modeling of Pulsar Wind Nebulae, and, in particular, how numerical simulations have increased our understanding of the flow structure, observed emission, polarization and spectral properties. I will also point to possible future developments of the present models.     

星孔装药燃面退移图象显示中的特殊问题

介绍了采用双三次均匀B样条曲面法构造星孔装药燃面退移图象中，夹直纹面的曲面；具有脊线曲面的反算拟合；燃面拟合的边界条件及曲面加密网格的求解等特殊问题。     

星敏感器图像处理系统的并行流水线操作研究

随着天文导航和航天测控领域的要求不断提高,对星敏感器的动态性能提出了越来越高的要求。本文详细分析了星敏感器CCD处理模块输出信号的时序关系,在此基础上提出了CCD和DSP并行流水线的处理机制以提高星图处理的效率,并利用CPLD和DSP的HOLD方式实现了CCD和DSP的并行流水线操作。通过星光模拟器的静态测试表明:利用该处理机制能实现每秒10帧的处理速度。只要合理地安排好行场有效期和消隐期的时间,会进一步提高姿态捕获的速度。     

药柱通用坐标计算法计算结果跳动的原因分析及解决途径

对药柱通用坐标计算法计算结果跳动的原因进行了分析,提出了解决途径和方法,并对提高计算准确度的问题也进行了讨论。经实例计算证明解决途径和方法是有效的,与解析法计算结果比较误差不大于0.85％。     

一个基于CMOS器件的新型嵌入式星敏感器设计

CMOS图像敏感器应用于星敏感器设计是当前国内外研究的热点。本文采用CMOS图像敏感器STAR2 5 0结合当前先进的ARM (RISC)技术 ,设计了具有自主性的轻型嵌入式星敏感器 ,具有抗辐射、体积小、质量轻、低功耗、可靠性高等特点     

星敏感器用典型CCD探测器电离总剂量效应研究

用自建的工程单机对星敏感器用核心器件CCD的电离总剂量效应进行了研究,给出了不同辐照剂量下辐照前后图像灰度、标准差等反映CCD拍摄图像质量的参数变化。研究表明：CCD对电离总剂量效应较敏感,辐照会引起输出图像灰度和标准差变大,导致图像质量下降、信噪比降低,最终影响探测器的成像效果。     

Systematic centroid error compensation for the simple Gaussian PSF in an electronic star map simulator

Simulated star maps serve as convenient inputs for the test of a star sensor, whose standardability mostly depends on the centroid precision of the simulated star image, so it is necessary to accomplish systematic error compensation for the simple Gaussian PSF（or SPSF, in which PSF denotes point spread function）. Firstly, the error mechanism of the SPSF is described, the reason of centroid deviations of the simulated star images based on SPSF lies in the unreasonable sampling positions（the centers of the covered pixels） of the Gaussian probability density function. Then in reference to the IPSF simulated star image spots regarded as ideal ones, and by means of normalization and numerical fitting, the pixel center offset function expressions are got, so the systematic centroid error compensation can be executed simply by substituting the pixel central position with the offset position in the SPSF. Finally, the centroid precision tests are conducted for the three big error cases of Gaussian radius r = 0.5, 0.6, 0.671 pixel, and the centroid accuracy with the compensated SPSF（when r = 0.5） is improved to 2.83 times that of the primitive SPSF, reaching a 0.008 pixel error, an equivalent level of the IPSF. Besides its simplicity, the compensated SPSF further increases both the shape similarity and the centroid precision of simulated star images, which helps to improve the image quality and the standardability of the outputs of an electronic star map simulator（ESS）.     

一种测试星敏感器空间指向的方法

星敏感器作为高精度姿态测量单机,为高精度姿态控制提供前提保障。确保星敏感器空间指向正确性对姿控系统至关重要。基于此提出了一种在外场观星试验中,通过测试星敏感器地方时惯性指向来确认空间指向的方法,该方法结合格林尼治恒星时概念,通过地心赤道惯性坐标系与当地地理系之间的转换关系进行算法设计,是验证选用的星敏感器空间指向正确与否的重要手段。     

捷联惯导/星敏感器组合系统的在轨自标定方法研究

研究了捷联惯导/星敏感器组合系统中对陀螺仪和星敏感器进行在轨自标定的方法。分析捷联惯导系统和星敏感器的误差源,对陀螺仪随机漂移和星敏感器安装误差进行建模并列入系统状态,建立系统状态方程;利用捷联惯导输出的载体位置、姿态与星敏感器输出的姿态矩阵来构造量测,建立量测方程。设计卡尔曼滤波算法,经过滤波计算获得陀螺仪随机常值漂移和星敏感器安装误差的估计值,从而实现组合系统的在轨自标定。仿真结果表明,基于卡尔曼滤波的在轨自标定方法能够标定出85%以上的陀螺仪随机常值漂移和95%以上的星敏感器安装误差。     

一种基于主星的导航星座构造方法

提出了一种基于主星的导航星座构造方法,利用不等式约束下多变量函数最优化问题的求解方法实现了导航主星的选取和导航星座的构造。实验表明,采用该方法构造的导航星座数据库,既不会造成导航星的丢失,又显著地减少了需要存储的识别基元的数量,从而有效地降低了导航星座数据库的存储容量。