基于STK的小卫星轨道交会设计研究

利用球面三角形的几何关系进行了基于STK(卫星工具包)的小卫星轨道交会的规划和设计。采用一种较为方便的轨道交会设计方法,并使用功能强大的专业STK软件来仿真和演示,取得了良好的仿真效果,能够较好地满足航天器轨道交会设计的要求,对于其它类型的轨道规划有一定的借鉴作用,为各种航天器的仿真研究提供了一种新的方法。     

带帽单桩力学性状研究

基于弹性理论和假定荷载传递函数形式。对带帽单桩桩土相互作用进行线性分析。根据文献的思路和方法。推导出沉降、竖向应力、侧摩阻力等与荷载水平、深度之间的控制微分方程。采用微分方程的近似解法,得到了相应的解析表达式。直接利用试桩成果的桩顶荷载沉降笑系作为已知条件进行求解,所得结果能够反映带帽单桩桩土相互作用力学性状的一般规律。     

折叠球形气囊展开过程仿真

球形气囊展开和折叠过程复杂,采用实验手段研究其展开过程存在诸多不便。建立以单侧内折方式折叠的球形气囊数值分析模型,研究球形气囊折叠后充气展开的动态应用特性,比较相同充气条件不同折叠层数和相同折叠层数不同充气条件下气囊展开动态特性的差异;对影响气囊展开过程中体积和内压曲线变化的因素进行分析,分别讨论折叠层数、充气速率和充气量对球形气囊动态特性的影响。结果表明:单侧内折折叠次数增多会导致气囊内压最大值增大,应用时设定气囊折叠次数应考虑气囊材料最大内压承受能力;充气速率和充气量均会影响气囊展开的稳定性,充气速率的影响主要在充气及气囊展开初期阶段,而充气量的影响主要在充气完成后的自由展开阶段。     

近场微波成像的实验研究

本文针对转台模式的近场微波成像进行了实验研究。首先介绍了近场微波成像的实验系统，然后考虑到宽频带天线的非理想特性，提出一种近场微波成像系统的实验修正模型。最后基于该模型，给出了利用理想导体长方柱、理想导体圆柱、理想导体正方体盒以及四尾翼导弹模型的实测数据的重建图像。重建图像基本反映了目标的轮廊。     

基于BDS/GPS和经验模型的区域电离层建模

基于北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）和全球定位系统（GPS）实测电离层穿刺点（IPP）数据,结合国际参考电离层（IRI）经验模型历史数据,提出一种对区域二维电离层总电子含量（TEC）进行高精度建模的方法.针对缺乏穿刺点的区域内短时间电离层建模时精度较低且各时段穿刺点空间分布不同的问题,该方法使用IRI模型在建模区域内均匀添加虚拟穿刺点数据,并根据与实测穿刺点的距离,使用构造的权重计算公式赋予其动态权重值,通过加权最小二乘法进行球谐模型参数解算.与欧洲定轨中心（CODE）发布的全球电离层图（GIM）进行数据比对发现,相对于只使用BDS/GPS实测穿刺点数据的建模方法,利用本文建模方法计算获得的垂直总电子含量（VTEC）值对缺乏实测穿刺点的区域精度有明显的提升.     

航天器内部磁场环境主动补偿方法

为解决空间引力波探测任务中航天器磁场对惯性传感器干扰的问题,研究在航天器复杂磁环境下利用主动测控方式获取小尺度均匀磁场环境的方法.在惯性传感器周围进行分布式磁场探测,并采用球谐函数法或多磁偶极子法实现对惯性传感器外部磁源的估计,计算惯性传感器所处位置的空间磁场及其梯度分布.利用线圈技术,对磁场及其梯度进行线性补偿.讨论分析传感器数量以及磁源布局方式等因素对最终补偿效果的影响.仿真试验结果表明,通过这一方法可将惯性传感器所在区域的磁场及其梯度降低1～2个数量级,降低引力波航天器平台的剩磁控制压力,为引力波探测提供满足要求的磁场环境.     

Estimation of differential code biases with Jason-2/3 onboard GPS observations

With the continuous deployment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, the estimation of differential code biases (DCBs) based on GNSS observations from LEO has gained increasing attention. Previous studies on LEO-based DCB estimation are usually using the spherical symmetry ionosphere assumption (SSIA), in which a uniform electron density is assumed in a thick shell. In this study, we propose an approach (named the SHLEO method) to simultaneously estimate the satellite and LEO onboard receiver DCBs by modeling the distribution of the global plasmaspheric total electron content (PTEC) above the satellite orbit with a spherical harmonic (SH) function. Compared to the commonly used SSIA method, the SHLEO model improves the GPS satellite DCB estimation accuracy by 13.46% and the stability by 22.34%, respectively. Compared to the GPS satellite DCBs estimated based on the Jason-3-only observations, the accuracy and monthly stability of the satellite DCBs can be improved by 14.42% and 26.8% when both Jason-2 and Jason-3 onboard observations are jointly processed. Compared with the Jason-2 solutions, the GPS satellite DCB estimates based on the fusion of Jason-2 and Jason-3 observations have an improved consistency of better than 18.26% and 9.71% with the products provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Taking the DCB products provided by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) as references, there is no improvement in accuracy of the GPS satellite DCB estimates based on the fusion of Jason-2 and Jason-3 observations than the Jason-2 solutions alone. A periodic variation is found in the time series of both the Jason-3 and Jason-2 onboard receiver DCB estimates. Preliminary analysis of the PTEC distribution based on the estimated SH coefficients are also presented.     

CT5ATP在GTCP131-9BAPU管理中的作用

针对波音737NG机型GTCP131—9B辅助动力装置（APU）出现涡轮叶片移位的故障,分析了叶片移位对APU的影响,提出7CT5ATP方法．并结合南航的经验将其应用于GTCP131—9BAPU的管理中．确定了以CT5ATP作为启动值,结合修后使用时间（TSR）、孔探结论和后中心体盖裂纹检查作为完整性能监控的手段,为APU拆换提供了可信的实践依据,实现7APU单位维修成本的有效降低。     

改进的平方根UKF在再入滑翔目标跟踪中的应用

针对临近空间高超声速再入滑翔目标跟踪问题，提出了一种基于新气动力模型的改进的平方根UKF滤波算法(ISR-UKF)。首先对气动力模型进行了变换。其次，在传统平方根UKF基础上，改用球形无迹变换来计算权系数以及sigma点；改进了平方根矩阵的分解方法；同时为解决矩阵求逆易出现奇异值使滤波失效的问题，提出在协方差矩阵更新中引入多重次稳定因子。最后将该算法分别与基于原气动力的ISR-UKF，基于新气动力的平方根UKF以及基于原气动力的平方根UKF进行仿真比较。仿真表明，该算法具有良好的滤波性能，而且能避免奇异值问题的出现，具有很好的可靠性。     

The spatio-spectral localization approach to modeling VTEC over the western part of the USA using GPS observations

The precise ionosphere modeling is crucial and remains a challenge for GPS positioning and navigation, as well as many other Earth observation systems. In this research, two approaches have been proposed to model the vertical total electron content (VTEC) of the ionosphere using spherical slepian function. For the two-dimensional case, VTEC has been modeled in a sun-fixed reference frame and the three-dimensional approach based on the system of the three-dimensional base functions has been defined as the tensor product of the spherical slepian function for the longitude and latitude in an Earth-fixed reference frame, and the polynomial B-spline function for time. Rather than the spherical harmonics, the spherical slepian functions can be employed to produce the locally and globally orthogonal bases to optimally represent the data in any arbitrary region up to a given degree. The spherical slepian functions have been applied to the real data obtained from the ground-based GPS observation across the western part of the USA.