多敏感器联邦SSUKF融合姿态确定算法

针对四元数姿态估计问题,提出了一种分布式非线性滤波融合结构。通过引入基于超球面分布采样点变换(SSUT)技术的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(SSUKF),以较低的计算量实现了高数据更新率、高精度的非线性滤波,并通过融合重构,保障系统无间断可靠工作,不受敏感器故障、视场盲区等因素影响。应用该算法对陀螺、磁强计、太阳敏感器、星敏感器构成的系统进行了具体设计并开展仿真研究,验证了算法的有效性。     

月球均匀模型阶跃感应磁场模拟计算

针对月球均匀模型, 利用电磁感应理论, 对行星际磁场阶跃扰动产生的 感应磁场进行了模拟计算. 设磁导率恒为μ₀, 对于一些特定的电导率值, 给出了月表磁场分量和总场从跃变到重新达到稳态的变化过程; 在一条经线 上的赤道附近、中纬地区和极区各选取一个测点, 利用Laplace逆变换的数 值公式给出了磁场瞬变响应函数和磁场分量及总场在不同电导率情况下的变化趋势. 计算结果表明, 此研究方法可行, 结果合理. 经过足够长的时间, 与外磁 场跃变方向垂直的磁场分量将会消失, 而与之平行的磁场分量将与外场趋于 一致. 在外场发生跃变的时刻, 赤道附近能够测到的最大磁场分量值约为13.65nT, 极区附近能测到约2.71nT; 在中低纬度和极区, 平行分量变化的过程显著 不同, 反映出实际探测中, 选取在月表不同位置的磁强计将可能监测到完全不同的磁场变化曲线形态.     

大气密度模型球谐修正研究

大气模型修正是提高模型精度的一种重要方法.利用CHAMP卫星高精度加速仪反演的密度数据,采用球谐函数的形式对NRLMSISE-00模型进行修正.为了消除轨道高度变化对密度修正结果的影响,将密度数据同化到同一高度处,计算修正之后的密度误差,进而对未来三天的密度进行预报.结果表明,经球谐修正后,修正误差和预报误差均有显著降低.在太阳活动高年,修正误差可降至10%左右,提前1~3天预报精度分别提高31.34%,21.39%和13.75%;太阳低年时修正误差可降至14%左右,提前1~3天预报精度分别提高55.03%,47.79%和43.60%.     

球形定位技术在涡轮叶片生产中的应用研究

为解决涡轮叶片研制生产中定位转化繁复、误差累积明显、制孔效率低等问题,提出了球形定位技术方案.球形定位解决了工装与气膜孔相互干涉、叶片制孔效率低的问题,通过叶片试制加工和生产验证,球形定位技术减少了基准转换,利于工装设计,制孔效率提升,可以应用于叶片工程化生产.     

Integral inversion of GRAIL inter-satellite gravitational accelerations for regional recovery of the lunar gravitational field

We present an integral-based approach for high-resolution regional recovery of the gravitational field in this article. We derive rigorous remove-compute-restore integral estimators relating the line-of-sight gravitational acceleration to an arbitrary order radial derivative of the gravitational potential. The integral estimators are composed of three terms, i.e., the truncated integration, the low-frequency line-of-sight gravitational acceleration, and the high-frequency truncation error (effect of the distant zones). We test the accuracy of the integral transformations and of the integral estimators in a closed-loop simulation over the Montes Jura region on the nearside of the Moon. In this way, we determine optimal sizes of integration radii and grid discretisation. In addition, we investigate the performance of the regional integral inversion with synthetic and realistic GRAIL observations. We demonstrate that the regional inversion results of the disturbing gravitational potential and its first order radial derivative in the Montes Jura mountain range are less contaminated by high-frequency noise than the global spherical harmonic models.     

Multi-beam sounding ionograms in the polar cap region: Absorption induced by proton precipitations

The simulation of the multi-beam ionograms in the polar cap region, assessing absorption effect is performed. It is reasonable to distinguish among four different mechanisms responsible for absorption: regular absorption due to solar UV illumination, absorption associated with energetic particles precipitation, absorption connected with X-rays flare and additional absorption in Auroral oval area. In this paper the absorption attributed to proton precipitations is envisaged. The computational model of the high-latitude ionosphere with irregularities oriented to application for the high frequency wave propagation problem was elaborated (Zaalov et al., 2005). A number of the quasi-vertical ionograms in the polar cap region were simulated on the basis of this model. A well-known algorithm (Sauer and Wilkinson, 2008) is applied for the absorption effects calculation. The simulated high-latitude ionograms with the absorption effect and the measured ionograms exhibit quite a good resemblance. This paper illustrates the importance of the understanding and taking into account the absorption effect in the presence of the various structural features in the polar ionosphere (in particular, patches of enhanced electron density) in interpreting ionosonde data.     

SuperDARN cross polar cap potential dependence on the solar wind conditions and comparisons with models

In this study SuperDARN Cross Polar Cap Potentials (CPCPs), collected over the year 2000, are investigated with a goal to statistically assess its relationship with various parameters of the solar wind and Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). We show that SuperDARN CPCPs tend to cluster around discrete values, prescribed by the statistical model, unless the amount of points on each convection map is above ∼300. By selecting CPCP data obtained with radar coverage of >300 points, we investigate the CPCP relationship with IMF B_z and B_y, IMF clock angle, solar wind speed and dynamic pressure, Alfven velocity, Alfven–Mach number, and interplanetary electric field. Some reported tendencies, such as dependence upon IMF B_z, were found to be consistent with measurements by other instruments. We demonstrate that SuperDARN CPCPs show consistency with several theories/empirical models (predicting the CPCP) in terms of a linear trend but, on average, the slopes of the dependencies are at least two times smaller. We also determine the coupling function, out of those published in literature, best correlating with SuperDARN CPCPs.     

High-resolution, coupled thermosphere–ionosphere models for space weather applications

Current first-principles global models of the coupled thermosphere–ionosphere (T–I) system use grids that are too coarse to simulate the mesoscale and small-scale structures that occur in this complex system. These small-scale and mesoscale structures have a great effect on global-scale neutral and plasma distributions and have important consequences for daily space weather. In this paper, we present a new first-principles, high-resolution, T–I nested grid (TING) polar cap model that incorporates multiple nesting levels and two-way interaction. The TING model simulation of the electron densities and temperatures demonstrates the importance of high spatial resolution. It is found that both the mid-latitude electron density trough and its associated dawn electron temperature peak are more pronounced and structured in the nested grid than in the coarse grid. Using the TING model to simulate ionospheric F₂ region electron density variations with geomagnetic activity and universal time (UT) is also discussed.     

Reachable set modeling and engagement analysis of exoatmospheric interceptor

A novel reachable set(RS) model is developed within a framework of exoatmospheric interceptor engagement analysis. The boost phase steering scheme and trajectory distortion mechanism of the interceptor are firstly explored. A mathematical model of the distorted RS is then formulated through a dimension–reduction analysis. By treating the outer boundary of the RS on sphere surface as a spherical convex hull, two relevant theorems are proposed and the RS envelope is depicted by the computational geometry theory. Based on RS model, the algorithms of intercept window analysis and launch parameters determination are proposed, and numerical simulations are carried out for interceptors with different energy or launch points. Results show that the proposed method can avoid intensive on-line computation and provide an accurate and effective approach for interceptor engagement analysis. The suggested RS model also serves as a ready reference to other related problems such as interceptor effectiveness evaluation and platform disposition.     

一种低干扰力矩的三自由度球面磁轴承

提出一种低干扰力矩的三自由度球面磁轴承结构,球面磁轴承定、转子均采用球面结构。当磁通作用在转子的球形包络面时,产生的电磁力会指向转子球心,不会对转子产生干扰力矩,但少量的漏磁磁通会作用在转子的非球形平面上,导致低干扰力矩的出现。利用等效磁路法对球形转子偏转时轴向部分漏磁导致的干扰力矩进行分析,得出干扰力矩的数学表达式。运用有限元法分析球面磁轴承和柱面磁轴承产生偏转时的干扰力矩,结果表明干扰力矩随着转子偏转角度的增加而增大,当转子偏转角达到最大允许值0.3°时,球面磁轴承与柱面磁轴承相比干扰力矩减小两个数量级。球面磁轴承的低干扰力矩特性决定其特别适用于磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺,可提高陀螺的控制精度,在磁悬浮高能密度电机、其他飞轮系统等场合具有广阔的应用前景。