雷达信号误差对舰载机全自动着舰控制的影响

基于常规舰载机使用的全自动着舰系统(ACLS),以及现役的作为主要导引方式的雷达导引着舰,分析了雷达导引过程中的信号误差对着舰的影响。从全自动着舰系统的组成和作用出发,建立完整的着舰仿真系统与环境,加入雷达信号测量数值、时间延迟和噪声杂波干扰3种不同类型的误差,以仿真误差存在时的着舰状况。通过计算着舰成功率,及其随误差量值的绝对值增大而减小的特点,验证了结果的正确性。该方法定量分析雷达信号误差的影响,既有助于着舰理论的研究,也对工程设计和应用具有指导意义。     

大攻角状态压气机分离流及叶片动力响应特性

为研究大攻角状态压气机转子内部分离区的脱落和传播过程及转子叶片对其动力响应问题,对某跨声速压气机级进行了非定常数值模拟和双向迭代流固耦合数值模拟。研究结果表明,在近失速状态,转子叶片通道内会周期性地发生2次叶背分离区的脱落和传播现象。第1个分离区主要表现出轴向传播特性,其会对下游流场产生影响;第2个分离区主要表现出周向传播特性,其会作用于周向相邻的转子叶片,对转子叶排自身产生激励作用,进而影响叶片表面压力分布,引起叶片较强的动力响应,对叶片结构强度的影响不可忽略。非定常/流固耦合计算手段能够较全面地预测流场中激励源的频率、幅值与位置等,在压气机设计阶段应对此类预测工作予以重视,以期更准确地预测叶片共振及动力响应等问题。     

基于光外差法的宽带示波器滤波器频响测试技术研究CSCD

分析了光外差测试频响的原理,提出了采用光外差法测试宽带示波器滤波器频响的方案,分析了偏振态和波长稳定性对于测试结果的影响。实验结果表明,光外差法测试宽带示波器光电模块频响方案可行,9.953Gbps滤波器下测试,3d B带宽频率处频响重复性小于0.1d B。     

大气闪烁对近似无衍射激光通信系统的影响

在近似无衍射激光通信系统中,大气湍流的作用导致接收端光强起伏不定,这将对通信系统的误码率产生影响.以光强起伏的概率分布为基础,忽略系统中的其他噪声,推导出折射率结构常数、通信距离和激光波长等影响因素与误码率的关系式.通过计算机模拟,研究了误码率随折射率结构常数的变化规律,讨论了一定湍流强度下通信距离和激光波长对误码率的影响,并以10-9为误码率标准,确定了通信距离的允许范围.结果表明,合理地选择天气和日照条件、减小通信距离以及选择长波长的激光器可以减弱大气湍流对误码率的影响.      

压电层合板振动的鲁棒控制

研究具有不确定系统参数的压电层合板,同时考虑压电层合板的稳态性能和暂态性能,在模型降阶的基础上,应用融合多性能指标的鲁棒控制理论设计控制器,使压电层合板的振动响应满足给定的期望性能指标集,并使压电层合板对参数摄动具有鲁棒性,对扰动输入具有良好的抑制作用.实现压电层合板的鲁棒控制,使振动幅度快速、准确地得到控制.为解决多指标下不确定压电层合板振动的控制问题提供一种代数方法.      

高温结构可靠性分析的时变响应面法

高温条件下结构的本构方程和承载能力都随时间变化,传统的结构可靠性模型在分析这种时变结构可靠性问题时效率较低.提出一种可用于高温结构可靠性分析的热响应与响应量阈值均随时间变化的时变响应面法.首先,通过引入结构各基本变量与时间的交叉二次函数并结合Box-Behnken试验设计建立结构热响应量的时变模型;进而,以温度为中间变量,建立结构响应量阈值与时间的函数关系,据此得到用随机过程表示的时变极限状态函数.具体给出了基本变量服从正态分布情形下的结构时变可靠度计算方法.算例分析表明该方法切实可行,能够在保证计算精度的基础上大幅提高计算效率.      

太阳光谱辐射强度变化对地球能量平衡的影响分析

目前太阳对地球能量平衡影响的研究大都是以太阳总辐射通量密度作为输入参数的. 本文以美国航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA）太阳辐射与气候实验项目的卫星实测数据为基础,对太阳上升相（2010年上半年）和下降相（2007年12月）期间太阳光谱变化对地球能量平衡的影响进行了研究. 结果表明,2010年上半年较强的太阳总辐射通量密度主要是由紫外及红外波段的能量增强引起的,其在200～400nm 和760～4000nm波段内的平均能量分别增加了0.11%和0.05%,而在 400～760nm可见光区的能量却呈减小趋势,平均减小量为0.05%. 通过对MLS2.2全球臭氧日数据进行再分析后发现,相对于2007年12月,2010年上半年平流层臭氧浓度也有所增加,其中在太阳紫外辐射呈现较大增强的2月和3月,其臭氧增量也相对较大,最大值分别出现在33km和40km处,值为0.6mL·m^-3和0.62mL·m^-3. 因此,可见光区能量减弱与平流层臭氧浓度增加的双重削弱作用致使虽然2010年上半年的太阳总辐射通量密度较大,但是到达对流层顶的太阳辐射却有所减小,最大减小量出现在3月,值为0.15W·m^-2. 这一结果说明,太阳活动或总辐射通量密度的增强也有可能对地球对流层系统起到冷却作用.     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Study on O2 generation and CO2 absorption capability of four co-cultured salad plants in an enclosed system

The ability to generate O₂ and absorb CO₂ of several co-cultured vegetable plants in an enclosed system was studied to provide theoretical reference for the future man-plant integrated tests. Four kinds of salad plants (Lactuca sativa L. var. Dasusheng, Lactuca sativa L. var. Youmaicai, Gynura bicolor and Cichorium endivia L.) were grown in the CELSS Integration Test Platform (CITP). The environmental factors including O₂ and CO₂ concentration were continuously monitored on-line and the plant biomass was measured at the end of the test. The changing rules of O₂ and CO₂ concentration in the system were basically understood and it was found that the O₂ generated by the plants could satisfy the respiratory needs of 1.75 persons by calculation. It was also found that the plants could absorb the CO₂ breathed out by 2 persons when the light intensity was raised to 550 mmol m⁻² s⁻¹ PPF. The results showed that the co-cultured plants hold good compatibility and excellent O₂-generating and CO₂-absorbing capability. They could also supply some fresh edible vegetable for a 2-person crew.