Rescheduling of observing spacecraft using fuzzy neural network and ant colony algorithm

This paper aims at rescheduling of observing spacecraft imaging plans under uncertainties. Firstly, uncertainties in spacecraft observation scheduling are analyzed. Then, considering the uncertainties with fuzzy features, this paper proposes a fuzzy neural network and a hybrid rescheduling policy to deal with them. It then establishes a mathematical model and manages to solve the rescheduling problem by proposing an ant colony algorithm, which introduces an adaptive control mechanism and takes advantage of the information in an existing schedule. Finally, the above method is applied to solve the rescheduling problem of a certain type of earth-observing satellite. The computation of the example shows that the approach is feasible and effective in dealing with uncertainties in spacecraft observation scheduling. The approach designed here can be useful in solving the problem that the original schedule is contaminated by disturbances.     

航天器火工冲击环境数据外推技术研究

为了制定可靠的组件冲击试验条件,需要预示航天器火工冲击环境.在分析了航天器火工冲击环境预示的三类方法,包括试验法、数值分析法和数据外推法的基础上,详细总结和分析了数据外推法的国内外研究进展,并通过理论推导提出了新的数据外推公式;以大量火工冲击测量数据为参照,通过对比分析证明该数据外推公式比NASA和ESA的数据外推公式...     

面向空间目标相对轨道确定的编队优化方法

针对提高空间目标相对轨道确定精度的问题，研究了在主航天器轨道运动受限时，通过设计和优化辅航天器相对轨道要素的航天器编队优化方法。首先，介绍了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的双视线测量相对轨道确定方法；之后，通过研究双视线测量下的空间目标定位误差变化规律，得到了减小定位误差的角度条件；然后，通过分析该角度条件和辅航天器相对轨道要素的关系，设计并采用遗传算法优化了辅航天器相对轨道；最后，数学仿真结果表明，设计的编队可保证目标相对位置估计误差收敛，优化后的编队可使目标相对位置估计误差减小至0.3 km且不超过1.2 km。     

Modularity,reconfigurability, and autonomy for the future in spacecraft: A review

The shape of a spacecraft is transitioning from monolithic, manual, and static to modular, autonomous, and dynamic. Modular Reconfigurable Spacecrafts (MRSs) offer better solutions than traditional monolithic spacecrafts in several aspects, and may become the next generation of spacecraft systems with efficient design, fast deployment, flexible application, and convenient management. This paper reviews the development and technology of MRS from three aspects: Modularity, reconfigurability, and autonomy. Despite the progress of research on MRS, there is still a lack of unified standards and little understanding of related concepts. Based on the understanding of basic concepts, the studies conducted on MRS are reviewed to identify technical requirements and solutions. Aiming at the future development trend of MRS, a novel modular self-reconfigurable spacecraft, referred to as MagicSat, is proposed. Furthermore, the MagicSat system composition, advantages, and application prospects are studied. The enabling technologies and major challenges of MRS are further analyzed in terms of modularization, integrated management, and self-reconfiguration technologies. Finally, the future development trend of MRS technology is predicted, and corresponding suggestions are provided.     

Reachable set estimation for spacecraft relative motion based on bang-bang principle

For spacecraft formation flight, the information of relative motion reachable set is very important, which can be used to predict the operating boundary of adjacent spacecraft and thus to ensure the safety of spacecraft operation. In this paper, we aim at developing a numerical method to approximate the reachable set for spacecraft relative motion. In particular, we focus on the quality of the approximation and the computational cost. Based on the bang-bang control principle, a polyhedral approximation algorithm is proposed to compute the reachable set of a relative motion spacecraft system. An inner approximation and an outer approximation of the reachable set for the system can be obtained. We prove that the approximation quality measured in Hausdorff distance can be guaranteed. The method is easy to implement and has low computational cost. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by experimental simulation.     

航天器卷筒式伸杆机构的发展与展望

从概念、构成特点、应用范围与使用方式等方面阐述了卷筒式伸杆机构。从卷筒式伸杆机构成形原理探索、数值模拟、成形工艺、产品测试等方面综述了卷筒式伸杆机构的研究进展；介绍了卷筒式伸杆机构在航天器上的应用状况；指出了航天器卷筒式伸杆机构小型化、轻量化、大收纳比和高精度的发展趋势；提出了航天器卷筒式伸杆机构结构材料、成形工艺和性能评价方面亟需攻克的关键技术,旨在为航天器卷筒式伸杆机构创新发展提供参考。     

航天器可展开薄膜遮光罩机械设计的发展与展望

从可展开薄膜遮光罩的几何构型、展开驱动技术、薄膜折痕设计和薄膜褶皱动力学分析四个方面论述了航天器可展开薄膜遮光罩机械设计的发展现状和特点，在分析比较的基础上对可展开薄膜遮光罩机械设计的发展趋势进行了展望，旨在为航天器可展开薄膜遮光罩的创新发展提供参考。     

Multi-agent Q-Learning control of spacecraft formation flying reconfiguration trajectories

This paper presents a novel approach based on multi-agent reinforcement learning for spacecraft formation flying reconfiguration tracking problems. In this scheme, spacecrafts learn the control strategy via transfer learning. For this matter, a new generalized discounted value function is introduced for the tracking problems. Due to the digital nature of spacecraft computer systems, local optimal controllers are developed for the spacecrafts in discrete-time. The stability of the controller is proven. Two Q-learning algorithms are proposed, in each of which the optimal control solution is learned on-line without knowledge about the system dynamics. In the first algorithm, each agent learns the optimal control independently. In the second one, each agent shares the learned information with other agents. Next, the collision avoidance capability is provided. The effectiveness of the presented schemes is verified through simulations and compared with each other.     

Formation flying for magnetic sails around artificial equilibrium points

This paper investigates the problem of magnetic sail-based spacecraft formation control around the artificial equilibrium points (AEPs), which can eliminate the requirement of the propellant. The thrusts are achieved by utilizing the interaction between the solar wind and the artificial magnetosphere generated by superconducting current coil onboard. The circular restricted three-body problem (CRTBP) of magnetic sail is discussed including the allowed regions and linear stability of AEPs, the locations of collinear AEPs and the possibility of existence of periodic orbits around the collinear AEPs. Next, the dynamical models of magnetic sail formation around the collinear AEPs are established. A novel fast fixed-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller (FFNTSM) based on fixed-time disturbance observer (FTDO) is developed to account for external disturbances. Several numerical simulations are conducted to substantiate that spacecraft formation can be precisely controlled by the proposed propellantless propulsion method in the presence of external disturbances.     

Close relative motion on distant retrograde orbits

Distant Retrograde Orbits (DROs) in the Earth-Moon system have great potential to support varieties of missions due to the favorable stability and orbital positions. Thus, the close relative motion on DROs should be analyzed to design formations to assist or extend the DRO missions. However, as the reference DROs are obtained through numerical methods, the close relative motions on DROs are non-analytical, which severely limits the design of relative trajectories. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to construct the analytical solution of bounded close relative motion on DROs. The linear dynamics of relative motion on DRO is established at first. The preliminary forms of the general solutions are obtained based on the Floquet theory. And the general solutions are classified as different modes depending on their periodic components. A new parameterization is applied to each mode, which allows us to explore the geometries of quasi-periodic modes in detail. In each mode, the solutions are integrated as a uniform expression and their periodic components are expanded as truncated Fourier series. In this way, the analytical bounded relative motion on DRO is obtained. Based on the analytical expression, the characteristics of different modes are comprehensively analyzed. The natural periodic mode is always located on the single side of the target spacecraft on DRO and is appropriate to be the parking orbits of the rendezvous and docking. On the basis of quasi-periodic modes, quasi-elliptical fly-around relative trajectories are designed with the assistance of only two impulses per period. The fly-around formation can support observations to targets on DRO from multiple viewing angles. And the fly-around formation is validated in a more practical ephemeris model.