强不规则天体引力场中的动力学研究进展

小行星探测与彗星探测是深空探测的重要方面。一般来说,小行星和彗星因质量都不足以使得万有引力克服应力达到流体静力学平衡,而具有强不规则的外形。研究强不规则天体引力场中的动力学行为及其内在机制,是探测器被不规则天体捕获并对其形成近距离探测轨道的基础。从引力场模型和动力学行为两个方面综述了强不规则天体引力场中动力学的研究进展,在引力场模型的研究方面介绍了强不规则天体引力场建模的球谐函数摄动展开模型、简单特殊体模型及多面体模型的研究现状,在动力学机制的研究方面介绍了强不规则天体引力场中的周期轨道和拟周期轨道、平衡点、流形、分岔与共振以及混沌运动的研究现状,指出了这些方面研究的重点与难点。分析了强不规则体引力场中动力学的研究趋势。     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

某型卫星测试转台俯仰翻转丝杠动力学分析

以某型卫星测试转台俯仰机构为研究对象,在ADAMS中建立了虚拟样机,得到了在翻转过程中丝杠轴向力曲线,并将仿真结果与理论计算结果及试验结果进行比较,验证了虚拟样机建模的合理性;研究结果为同类物理样机设计中滚珠丝杠的选用校核,台体框架的设计校核以及机电联合仿真提供有利数据支撑。     

飞行器纵向非线性动力学建模对稳定性的影响

飞行器的稳定性分析与建立的动力学分析模型密切相关.传统的稳定性分析方法是基于小扰动假设建立线性化模型,当飞行状态中非线性特征明显时,其结果误差会带来多大的影响是人们关心的问题.通过建立飞行动力学非线性模型和气动力非线性模型,采用时间推进方法对两类非线性问题进行了比较系统的研究.数值计算结果表明,飞行动力学非线性模型与线性模型相比,周期增大、幅值减小、衰减率增大;而菲线性气动力模型对周期几乎没有影响,但对幅值有一定的影响.     

多场耦合计算平台与高超声速热防护结构传热问题研究

从有限元法(FEM)和有限体积法(FVM)的单元特性出发,提出一种具有局部守恒特性的界面载荷插值方法.采用共享内存技术开发适用于通用有限元和计算流体力学(CFD)软件的多场耦合计算平台,并基于分区耦合方式实现流固耦合传热计算.作为验证,分别将ANSYS与Fluent和CFD-FASTRAN软件进行耦合,计算外壁冷却的喷...     

考虑喷流效应的机载导弹发射及气动干扰数值模拟

研究比较了机载导弹发射时是否考虑导弹尾喷流情况下导弹运动特性及机-弹气动干扰影响.通过动态结构嵌套网格技术实现了导弹运动的模拟,结合刚体六自由度运动方程求解三维非定常Euler方程得到流场信息.导弹推力由发动机燃烧室喷流计算得到;当不考虑喷流效应时,推力通过直接在导弹尾部给定非定常作用力实现.应用此方法模拟了基于类"全...     

Control-oriented Modeling for Air-breathing Hypersonic Vehicle Using Parameterized Configuration Approach

This article presents a parameterized configuration modeling approach to develop a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) rigid-body model for air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (AHV). The modeling process involves the parameterized configuration design, inviscous hypersonic aerodynamic force calculation and scramjet engine modeling. The parameters are designed for airframe-propulsion integration configuration, the aerodynamic force calculation is based on engineering experimental methods, and the engine model is acquired from gas dynamics and quasi-one dimensional combustor calculations. Multivariate fitting is used to obtain analytical equations for aerodynamic force and thrust. Furthermore, the fitting accuracy is evaluated by relative error (RE). Trim results show that the model can be applied to the investigation of control method for AHV during the cruise phase. The modeling process integrates several disciplines such as configuration design, aerodynamic calculation, scramjet modeling and control method. Therefore the modeling method makes it possible to conduct AHV aerodynamics/propulsion/control integration design.     

激光推进加速飞行器的飞行控制与数值仿真

激光能够照射到的区域受到限制,飞行器只能在这个范围飞行并尽可能获得较大的速度.考虑两种不同的加速方式:竖直平面内直接加速和螺旋加速,使用程序调参飞行控制技术确定操纵面偏转角度,控制飞行器轨迹,并且给出了相应的仿真结果.结果表明,操纵控制下的飞行器能够按照预定轨迹飞行;使用螺旋加速方式,可以延长激光加速的时间,但是这两种加速方式最后得到的速度差不多, 而螺旋加速的操纵复杂,因此竖直平面内直接加速有一定的优势.     

基体特性对HTPB推进剂力学性能的影响

按工程生产工艺要求,制得hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)固化胶片,通过控制试验环境温度（-50、-35、-20、0、20、35℃）,得到了基于Prony级数形式的具有不同松弛特性的复合基体材料的松弛行为描述,为细观模型的建立提供了必要参数。随后基于分子动力学方法,结合具有内聚本构的黏接单元,建立了推进剂的细观计算模型。为验证所建数值模型的准确性,对固体推进剂在常温条件下进行宏观松弛力学试验,将仿真结果与试验数值的对比,试验结果与仿真结果相差在20%范围之内。最后对具有不同随机分布及不同基体松弛特性的推进剂细观模型进行有限元计算,结果表明:颗粒随机性不影响推进剂的宏观力学行为,而基体松弛特性显著影响固体推进剂的宏观力学性能,基体松弛特性获取环境温度与推进剂的宏观初始模量、延伸率以及强度均呈指数型关系。      

剪刀式尾桨悬停状态气动力及噪声特性计算研究

建立了一个基于计算流体力学(CFD) /FW-H(Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings)方程的预测剪刀式尾桨悬停状态气动性能和噪声特性的分析方法.该方法首先采用CFD方法对尾桨流场进行求解,并应用嵌套网格技术对流场空间进行离散.控制方程采用非惯性坐标系下的Navier-Stokes方程,空间方向采用二阶迎风格式(Roe格式)进行求解,时间方向采用隐式LU-SGS(Lower-Upper Symmetric Gauss-Seidel)格式进行推进.在此基础上,采用FW-H方程将尾桨噪声声压扰动传播至远场,以获得尾桨的噪声特性.应用该方法对两种剪刀式尾桨构型(“L”构型和“U”构型)进行了计算研究,对比分析了剪刀式尾桨在气动力和噪声方面与常规尾桨的差别,以及两个重要构型参数(剪刀角和轴向间距)对剪刀式尾桨气动力和噪声的影响规律.计算结果表明,构型参数对剪刀式尾桨气动力和噪声特性影响很大,合理地选择构型参数可以降低尾桨噪声水平.