双星双频地面快速运动目标成像与参数估计

在多输入多输出合成孔径雷达(MIMO-SAR)的基础上,提出使用双卫星、双工作频率实现地面快速运动目标检测、成像和参数估计的方法。利用广义二阶Keystone变换对提取出的运动目标进行距离徙动校正,针对快速运动目标的多普勒模糊问题,使用修正的离散调频傅立叶变换结合最小波形熵搜索完成目标多普勒参数估计后,利用数值搜索的方法对不同工作频率下的速度集合进行交集求解得到目标真实速度值,并给出了一种运算量较小的快速搜索算法。最后,计算机仿真表明了方法的有效性。     

雷达信号误差对舰载机全自动着舰控制的影响

基于常规舰载机使用的全自动着舰系统(ACLS),以及现役的作为主要导引方式的雷达导引着舰,分析了雷达导引过程中的信号误差对着舰的影响。从全自动着舰系统的组成和作用出发,建立完整的着舰仿真系统与环境,加入雷达信号测量数值、时间延迟和噪声杂波干扰3种不同类型的误差,以仿真误差存在时的着舰状况。通过计算着舰成功率,及其随误差量值的绝对值增大而减小的特点,验证了结果的正确性。该方法定量分析雷达信号误差的影响,既有助于着舰理论的研究,也对工程设计和应用具有指导意义。     

干扰机应对自适应捷变频雷达的一种干扰方法

雷达干扰机与雷达抗干扰相互促进发展,现在自适应捷变频雷达具有很强的抗窄带瞄准式干扰和宽带阻塞式干扰的能力。文章中提出了现有干扰机对自适应捷变频雷达实施干扰的一种新方法及实施方案——频谱拖引。     

一种反舰导弹抗无源假目标干扰算法

利用舰艇和无源假目标干扰在运动速度上的差异,提出了一种使真假目标速度线性方程组总剩余范数最小的真假目标识别算法,并讨论了如何降低目标速度波动和观测误差对算法的影响以及算法失效的特殊情况。最后,通过对一些算例的仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

Onboard orbit determination using GPS observations based on the unscented Kalman filter

Spaceborne GPS receivers are used for real-time navigation by most low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. In general, the position and velocity accuracy of GPS navigation solutions without a dynamic filter are 25 m (1σ) and 0.5 m/s (1σ), respectively. However, GPS navigation solutions, which consist of position, velocity, and GPS receiver clock bias, have many abnormal excursions from the normal error range for space operation. These excursions lessen the accuracy of attitude control and onboard time synchronization. In this research, a new onboard orbit determination algorithm designed with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was developed to improve the performance. Because the UKF is able to obtain the posterior mean and covariance accurately by using the second-order Taylor series expansion through the sampled sigma points that are propagated by using the true nonlinear system, its performance can be better than that of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which uses the linearized state transition matrix to predict the covariance. The dynamic models for orbit propagation applied perturbations due to the 40 × 40 geo-potential, the gravity of the Sun and Moon, solar radiation pressure, and atmospheric drag. The 7(8)th-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration was applied for orbit propagation. Two types of observations, navigation solutions and C/A code pseudorange, can be used at the user’s discretion. The performances of the onboard orbit determination were verified using real GPS data of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites. The results of the orbit determination were compared with the precision orbit ephemeris (POE) of the CHAMP and KOMPSAT-2 satellites.     

无需先验信息的水平集SAR图像分割方法

给出了一种基于水平集演化、无需任何先验信息的SAR图像分割方法.该方法是一种基于区域信息的统计活动轮廓模型方法,通过利用分段阶跃函数估计图像概率密度函数,克服了利用特定概率分布模型估计概率密度函数时,需要利用先验信息预先假定图像概率分布模型的问题;通过引入惩罚项,避免了费时且难于操作的水平集函数重新初始化过程.还给出了具体的数值实现方案和相关参数取值,改进了数值实现中的迭代终止条件.实验结果表明,固定使用列出的参数,无需任何人为干预,对于大多数图像都可获得令人满意的分割结果;对于少数图像,通过简单的参数调整也可得到良好结果.     

A New Method for Analyzing Integrated Stealth Ability of Penetration Aircraft

Taking into account the limitations of existing stealth performance analysis methods, a method termed as the integrated stealth performance analysis method is proposed for evaluating the stealth ability of the penetration aircraft. Based on various target radar cross section (RCS) scattering characters, this article integrates the relevant parameters needed for building up target circumferential RCS scattering model and proposes the RCS scattering controlling parameters to control the changing trends of the relevant model RCS scattering characters. According to the radar dynamic detecting characters during the whole penetration course, a dynamic stealth performance evaluating model is proposed accompanied by a series of stealth ability estimation rules. This new analysis method can enhance the integrality and dependability of the stealth analysis conclusions and summarize the relationship between the target RCS scattering characters and their effects on stealth performance. The rules indicated by this relationship can be used as the reference for designing new type of stealth aircraft and setting up specific penetration tactics.     

Multi-frequency RCS Reduction Characteristics of Shape Stealth with MLFMA with Improved MMN

Three new control factors are presented for calculating the multipole mode number (MMN) efficiently and precisely. The effects of these control factors on the number of integral samples and the precision of multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) are investigated. A new approach based on control factors which is proven to be able to improve the computational efficiency and reduce the needed memory significantly as well as ensuring the proper precision. For three aircraft models, the improved MLFMA is employed to analyze their multi-frequency scattering characteristics. It is found that aircraft shape can influence radar cross section (RCS) in different frequency zones. Both the multi-frequency RCS reduction characteristics of shape stealth aircraft and the conventional aircraft with stealth design taken into account are investigated, and the results show that shape stealth exhibits significant RCS reduction in the resonance and high-frequency zones, and with a weaker influence in the Rayleigh zone. Compared with radar absorbing material (RAM), shape stealth yields a wider multi-frequency RCS reduction. The above-mentioned results can be applied to stealth design for multiple frequencies or even for all frequencies.     

高纬极区电离层中离子声波谱线增强的解释

大量的实验研究表明, 在顶部极光区电离层, 利用EISCAT非相干散射雷达和Millstone Hill雷达可以观测到不对称、增强的离子声波谱线. 考虑到低能H+离子束沉降到背景电离层, 以及电离层顶部O+离子的外流事件, 采用含有场向热流项的双麦克斯韦分布描述H+离子束的分布函数, 进而基于离子－离子双流不稳定性理论来解释增强的离子声波谱线. 场向热流的引入可以减小离子声波谱线的不对称现象, 这样得到的结果更符合实际.      

单航过单平台InSAR基线模型的敏感性分析

从单航过单平台InSAR系统对其自身基线的高精度需求出发,给出了光学测量方案下的基线模型,并针对模型中的各因素及其误差来源,进行了模型的敏感性分析,阐明了测量元素与位置修正矢量的基线矢量的误差传递关系,然后根据误差传递关系找出测量系统的优化安装部位。通过解析推导得出各类误差源在不同条件下对基线精度影响的理论结果,由仿真分析给出了不同安装部位的误差传递系数。通过敏感性分析可由测量环境的输入条件直接获得基线的误差量级,其结果可作为指导测量系统方案设计与精度分配的参考依据。