空间相机温度解算方法的分析与研究

通过温度解算完成相机主体温度测量,是相机主体温控系统实现的关键环节之一.传统的温度解算方法存在数据存储量大、可移植性差、温度映射精度低等缺点.文章提出一种拟合温度解算法,针对不同的系统需求,给出两种改进方案,对拟合温度解算法及其改进方案的原理、性能及实现方式进行描述与分析.实践证明,该方法具有占用内存小、可移植性好、温...     

SpaceWire与SpaceFibre高速总线发展与研究

介绍SpaceWire总线和SpaceFibre网络的基本情况及其构成。分析了两者用于航天器时的优点。综述了两者在国内外发展和基础研究状况,给出了研究与应用中的高可靠SpaceWire-D信息组网和高速SpaceFibre网络传输等关键技术。     

样本量对空间碎片测距精度的影响

日益增多的空间碎片严重威胁着在轨航天器的运行安全,对空间碎片的监督与防御逐渐引起了关注。高重复率激光测距技术为空间碎片测量提供了有效手段。激光脉冲的高重复率意味着大样本量。而在满足精度要求下,对样本量需求的研究较少。本文基于高重复率取样,研究了样本量对测距精度的影响,并得到了满足精度要求的最小样本量。首先,将空间碎片的轨道根数作为先验信息对测量数据进行预处理。通过多项式拟合和迭代获得有效样本点,逐渐减少样本量,绘制精度随样本量的变化曲线。从精度曲线变化阈值中可以获得最小样本量,可以此选取激光测距系统激光发射重复频率。对一些空间碎片的测距实验结果表明,有效样本量可以获得30%—60%的降低。     

复杂背景下磨粒显微图像分割

针对DMAS系统中复杂背景下磨粒图像的自动分割问题，根据磨粒图像的相关特征，充分利用领域知识，基于图像分割和边界跟踪的思想，选取了适合磨粒图像分割的最大类间方差阈值法，并结合腐蚀、膨胀等图像处理技术，实现了复杂背景下磨粒图像的有效分割和目标提取。最后算例表明了本方法的简洁有效性。本文研究将对进一步展开磨粒识别和机械设备故障诊断研究工作提供前提和依据。     

海上航天测控系统领域本体的构建研究

随着我国航天事业的高速发展,对海上测控系统提出了越来越高的要求。测量船执行任务时涉及飞行器、船载设备、测量船工况等任务要素。本文根据任务要素的主要层次关系及它们之间的约束关系,构建了海上航天测控系统领域本体TTC_Onto,其实现和应用可以有效地提高任务分析的灵活性和准确性。并给出了TTC_Onto的构建过程及其评价机制。     

空间在轨制造技术发展综述及展望

本文主要从空间在轨制造技术的发展背景及现实意义出发,对在轨制造技术的发展情况从在轨3D打印、在轨焊接、基于带材的在轨塑性成形制造、在轨原位制造等四方面进行分类归纳和评述,指出相关技术当前发展过程遇到的一系列瓶颈问题,并预测其未来的发展趋势;最后结合国外在轨制造技术发展历程中成功经验,给出了中国在轨制造技术发展需重点关注的方面和努力方向,以期为中国空间在轨制造技术的布局提供有益参考。     

Estimation of ballistic coefficients of space debris using the ratios between different objects

This paper proposes a new method to estimate the ballistic coefficient (BC) of low earth orbit space debris.The data sources are the historical two-line elements (TLEs).Since the secular variation of semi-major axes is mainly caused by the drag perturbation for space objects with perigee altitude below 600 km,the ballistic coefficients are estimated based on variation of the mean semi-major axes derived from the TLEs.However,the approximate parameters used in the calcu lation have error,especially when the upper atmosphere densities are difficult to obtain and always estimated by empirical model.The proportional errors of the approximate parameters are cancelled out in the form of ratios,greatly mitigating the effects of model error.This method has been also been validated for space objects with perigee altitude higher than 600 km.The relative errors of esti mated BC values from the new method are significantly smaller than those from the direct estimation methods used in numerical experiments.The estimated BC values are used for the prediction of the semi-major axes,and good performance is obtained.This process is also a feasible method for prediction over a long period of time without an orbital propagator model.     

Assessing the Risk of Orbital Debris Impact

A Space Debris Impact Risk Analysis Tool (SDIRAT) was developed and implemented to assess the orbital debris impact risk on a specified target in Earth orbit, in terms of flux, relative velocity, impact velocity, direction of the incoming particles, debris mass and diameter. Based on a deterministic approach, SDIRAT uses a realistic orbital debris population where each representative particle is identified by its rectangular coordinates (position and velocity) at a reference epoch. Using this information, some geometrical algorithms were developed and implemented to evaluate the contribution of each particle to the incoming flux. The position of the particle with respect to a specified target drives the selection criteria to reject, or select, it as a possible projectile. On the other hand, the relative velocity vector can be used to estimate the impact direction of the incoming flux. SDIRAT was conceived as a general tool for a variety of scenarios, such as low circular and elliptical orbits, up to the geosynchronous ring. This paper presents some examples of possible applications, including the computation of the incoming debris flux on SAX (low Earth orbit), SIRIO (geosynchronous orbit) and the IRIS upper stage (elliptical orbit). Other applications assess the impact risk for the Soviet Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellites Cosmos 1900 and Cosmos 1932.     

空间材料加工所需微重力水平估算

本文从微重力定义出发,论述了微重力物理效应在流体中发生的原因,并由此把微重力物理效应分成一级和二级效应两类。建立了各类空间村料加工和微重力物理效应的联系,并分别给出发生各类微重力物理效应所需的微重力水平估算。     

The management of stray radiation issues in space optical systems

The performance of infrared and submillimeter systems can be severely degraded by stray light. Stray light includes off-axis radiation, system diffraction and scattering effects, and thermal self-emission. The purpose of this paper is to identify several keys to preventing system degradation due to stray radiation. The first key is to apply stray light design rules and analysis techniques early in the program before the design is finalized. A systems level analysis using stray light analysis software is often necessary in order to identify more subtle problems and to assess the magnitude of their effect on system performance. Another key is to address contamination control and the choice of surface coatings early in the program. The management of stray radiation issues is extremely cost-effective, if begun early in the program, and can reduce later schedule hardships.