空间碎片碰撞预警研究

介绍了空间碎片的分布和危害，阐明了航天器进行碎片预警规避的必要性，讨论了碎片碰撞预警技术中的关键问题，用已有的碰撞和规避实例对自行研制的软件进行了计算检验，结果证明了软件的正确性，也说明了国内进行碎片预警工作的可行性．     

论空间交会中的径向连续推力机动与N次推力机动

文章从相对运动和绝对运动两方面分析径向小推力连续机动在空间交会V-bar接近中的运动规律，对冲量型、连续型和N次推力三类径向推力策略的性能进行比较。径向小推力连续机动的相对运动轨迹呈“旋轮线”型式。N次机动策略变轨速度总和与冲量型转移及连续推力机动所需的变轨速度相等，轨道控制能力提高，视界角比冲量型转移的视界角小，转移时间比连续型推力所需时间减少，且能适应范围更广的推力阶。N次推力机动策略综合性能优良。     

空间目标一维距离像重构的线性规划方法

高分辨一维距离像是空间目标故障诊断与识别的重要手段。针对典型的空间目标 ,文章采用稀疏成份分析法研究了一维距离像的超分辨重构和特征提取问题。将处理实信号的基寻踪方法推广到复信号 ,并利用约束最小二乘解提出了一种次优的距离像重构算法 ,实现了空间目标散射中心的有效分离。数值结果验证了其合理性和有效性。     

Interplanetary shocks and sudden impulses during solar maximum (2000) and solar minimum (1995–1996)

In this work a study is performed on the correlation between fast forward interplanetary shock parameters at 1 Astronomical Unit and sudden impulse (SI) amplitudes in the H-component of the geomagnetic field, for periods of solar activity maximum (year 2000) and minimum (year 1995–1996). Solar wind temperature, density and speed, and total magnetic field, were taken to calculate the static pressures (thermal and magnetic) both in the upstream and downstream sides of the shocks. The variations of the solar wind parameters and pressures were then correlated with SI amplitudes. The solar wind speed variations presented good correlations with sudden impulses, with correlation coefficients larger than 0.70 both in solar maximum and solar minimum, whereas the solar wind density presented very low correlation. The parameter better correlated with SI was the square root dynamic pressure variation, showing a larger correlation during solar maximum (r = 0.82) than during solar minimum (r = 0.77). The correlations of SI with square root thermal and magnetic pressure were smaller than with the dynamic pressure, but they also present a good correlation, with r > 0.70 during both solar maximum and minimum. Multiple linear correlation analysis of SI in terms of the three pressure terms have shown that 78% and 85% of the variance in SI during solar maximum and minimum, respectively, are explained by the three pressure variations. Average sudden impulse amplitude was 25 nT during solar maximum and 21 nT during solar minimum, while average square root dynamic pressure variation is 1.20 and 0.86 nPa^1/2 during solar maximum and minimum, respectively. Thus on average, fast forward interplanetary shocks are 33% stronger during solar maximum than during solar minimum, and the magnetospheric SI response has amplitude 20% higher during solar maximum than during solar minimum. A comparison with theoretical predictions (Tsyganenko’s model corrected by Earth’s induced currents) of the coefficient of sudden impulse change with solar wind dynamic pressure variation showed excellent agreement, with values around 17 nT/nPa^1/2.     

Research on a complex CME event including Hα, LASCO, radio and MDI observations

We present our research on a fast and decelerating partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) event detected in multi-wavelengths in the chromosphere and the corona on 14 October, 1999. The event involved a whole complex active area which spanned more than 40° of heliolongitude. It included a strong solar flare (XI/1N) and a complex eruptive filament within an active region of the entire complex. Especially, several radio sources were detected in the decimetric range prior to the CME by the Nançay Radioheliograph (NRH). A linear force-free field extrapolation of the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) magnetogram was performed to calculate the magnetic topology of the complex prior to the triggering of the event. The presence of a coronal null point combined with the occurrence of two distant and nearly simultaneous radio sources put strong arguments in favor of the generalized breakout model for the triggering of the eruption. The analysis of the subsequent development of the event suggests that large interconnecting loops were ejected together with the CME.     

利用栅网控制空间等离子体环境效应模拟中的等离子体参数

通常采用ECR等离子体源产生的等离子体的温度和密度都比较大，通过附加适当目数的栅网，并在栅网上加一定的偏置电位来对等离子体参数，尤其是温度，密度进行调整，满足空间等离子体环境模拟要求，本文利用14目，25目的栅网，对已有的地面实验室空间等离子体环境进行了改进，得到了更加接近空间等离子体参数的一个地面模拟环境。     

空间站废水的处理及管理

长期载入飞行的空间站需要大量的用水，为解决由此引起的巨大的维持飞行的运行费用，需要实现水的再生与闭路循环，如何针对空间站废水的特征，解决废水的处理与利用问题，并建立合理的水循环体系是这一工作的关键，文中分析，比较了空间站废水的处理方法，设计了空间站水管理整合方案，并多方面探讨和验证这一方案的合理性和可行性。     

航天光学遥感器仿真系统原理方案初步设计

介绍了航天光学遥感器仿真系统技术研究目的和意义。根据初步的研究结果，探讨了航天光学遥感器系统仿真技术方案、主要研究内容、技术途径等。重点研究了目标与背景、空间环境条件（温度场、真空、重力场和辐照）、卫星平台等对遥感器成像质量的影响和仿真内容，研究了用地面试验进行验证的方法，提出了建立系统仿真的结构体系等。     

航天器交会快速接近机动策略

对航天器交会接近段V-bar上保持点间的转移,单向(轨道径向或周向)推力机动的最短转移时间为半个轨道周期(对应双径向推力冲量)。若要求转移时间小于半个轨道周期,须采用双向(径向与周向联合)推力。为此,提出5种机动方案:1)起点双向冲量与终点双向冲量机动;2)途中双向连续推力机动;3)起点双向冲量与途中双向连续推力机动;4)途中双向连续推力与终点双向冲量机动;5)起点切向冲量与途中径向连续推力及终点切向冲量机动(即直线路径转移)。其中,方案1)(冲量机动)的速度增量最小,但轨迹视界角最大;方案5)(直线路径)的视界角最小(近似为零),但当转移时间T>0.292P(P为轨道周期)时,所需的速度增量较大。机动方案的选择应全面考虑转移轨迹安全性、速度增量需求、转移轨迹视界角,以及机动复杂程度等多方面因素。若视界角可满足总体设计要求,宜选择方案1);当T<0.292P时,也可考虑方案5)。     

抽屉式标准机柜地面通风换热性能的研究

通过抽屉式标准机柜通风换热性能的地面实验研究和数值模拟,分析了在侧进上出和下进上出两种方式下,进风流量、风道通风孔宽度及自然对流对机柜地面通风换热性能的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内增加机柜进气流量和减小通风孔尺寸可改善机柜通风换热性能。此外,对于本文所研究两种进出风口布置方式,在相同的参数状态下,机柜在微重力状态下的通风换热性能优于地面状态或者相当,因此,满足标准机柜地面状态换热要求的设计参数也会满足微重力状态的换热要求。