斜孔式等离子体合成射流激励器静特性的实验

设计了斜孔式等离子体合成射流激励器,采用电参数测量和高速纹影技术研究了其放电特性及瞬态流场特性。实验表明:相较直孔式等离子体合成射流激励器,斜孔式等离子体合成射流激励器的射流流动表现出明显的附壁效应和非对称性,这有利于提高射流对流动分离的控制能力。同时,实验中还观察到了浮力对等离子体高温射流流场演化的影响,特别是在射流演化的末期,其诱导的垂向速度分量显著地改变了射流的最终运动方向。      

基于磁极电流分配的电磁轴承控制器设计

 电磁轴承是机、电、磁一体化的复杂系统, 针对不对称、强耦合电磁轴承结构, 提出基于磁极电流分配的电磁轴承控制器设计。该方法将原来控制器分为反馈控制器和电流分配器两部分, 以简化控制器设计。主要讨论了轴承磁极电流分配器设计, 并应用于圆锥电磁轴承系统中, 设计它的磁极电流分配器。     

不对称静子叶片非谐方案研究

为降低转子叶片在前排静子尾迹流场激振情况下的动应力,对转子系统进行不对称气动非谐设计.不对称静子叶片分布非谐设计下,转子所受到的激振力由静子叶片均布情况下的单频率高幅值激振力转变为多频率成分低幅值激振力.对不对称静子叶片非谐情况下激振力频率幅值进行推导,讨论了静子扇区分布和静叶数目选取对尾流激振力的影响,并对相同扇区分布不同静叶数目情况下转子叶片的强迫响应进行瞬态分析,给出不对称静子非谐设计的最优方案.      

经济学视角下的企业变革阻力问题研究

从经济学视角出发,发现企业变革中存在阻力问题的原因主要表现在以下三个方面:一是路径依赖使企业变革受到惯性阻力;二是信息不对称使得员工恐惧产生变革阻力;三是变革的风险成本大于收益,困扰企业变革前进的脚步。基于此,要消除企业变革的阻力问题可以从加强对员工的培训力度、让员工参与变革、塑造共同愿景、建立强有力的领导团队以及提高员工对变革的适应性等几个方面着手。     

Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

This paper presents the vertical total electron content vTEC variations for three African stations, located at mid-low and equatorial latitudes, and operating since more than 10 years. The vTEC of the middle latitude GPS station in Alexandria, Egypt (31.2167°N; 29.9667°E, geographic) is compared to the vTEC of two others GPS stations: the first one in Rabat/Morocco (33.9981°N; 353.1457°E, geographic), and the second in Libreville/Gabon (0.3539°N; 9.6721°E, geographic). Our results discussed the diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle dependences of vTEC at the local ionospheric conditions, during different phases of solar cycle in the light of the classification of Legrand and Simon. The vTEC over Alexandria exhibits the well-known equinoctial asymmetry which changes with the phases of the solar cycle; the spring vTEC is larger than that of autumn during the maximum, decreasing and minimum phases of solar cycle 23. During the increasing phase of solar cycle 24, it is the contrary. The diurnal variation of the vTEC presents multiple maxima during the equinox from 2005 to 2008 and during the summer solstice from 2006 to 2012. A nighttime vTEC enhancement and winter anomaly are also observed. During the deep solar minimum (2006–2009) the diurnal variation of the vTEC observed over Alexandria is similar to the diurnal variation observed during quiet magnetic period at equatorial latitudes. We observed also that the amplitude of vTEC at Libreville is larger than the amplitude of vTEC observed at Alexandria and Rabat, indeed Libreville is near the southern crest of the Equatorial Ionization anomaly. Finally, the correlation coefficient between vTEC and the sunspot number Rz is high and changes with solar cycle phases.     

Mars Express/ASPERA-3/NPI and IMAGE/LENA observations of energetic neutral atoms in Earth and Mars orbit

The low energy neutral atom imagers on Mars Express and IMAGE have revealed that the neutral atom populations in interplanetary space come from a variety of sources and challenge our current understanding of heliospheric physics. For example, both in cruise phase and at Mars, the neutral particle instrument NPD on Mars Express observed “unexplained neutral beams” unrelated to Mars which appear to be either of heliospheric or solar wind origin. Likewise, the NPI instrument on Mars Express has revealed streams of neutral atoms with different properties than those observed by NPD. Independently, IMAGE/LENA has reported neutral atom observations that may be interpreted as a “secondary stream” having different characteristics and flowing from a higher ecliptic longitude than the nominal upstream direction. Both sets of observations do not appear to fit in easily with the neutral atom environment from 1.0 to 1.57 AU as it is currently understood. In this paper, we examine some highly suggestive similarities in the IMAGE/LENA and Mars Express/ASPERA-3/NPI data to try to determine potential origins for the observed signal.     

细长体大迎角流动的非对称特性及声激励控制研究

通过测压、油流、粘贴转换带、热线频谱采集及声激励控制等一系列试验研究，讨论了Re数、转捩带对流动非对称性的影响，分析了细长旋成体大迎角非对称流动的特点。重点对声激励控制流动的非对称性的效果进行了详细分析，提供了有无声激励时功率谱和相关系数的变化情况，并提出了所支持的细长体流动非对称性产生机制的流场的空间动力不稳定性观点。最后阐述了声激励控制非对称流动的机理。     

小不对称烧蚀外形的典型化处理方法

给出了一种能够用于统计分析飞行器再入大气层时，头部烧蚀而产生不对称形变过程的数学模型，烧蚀外形采用典型化处理方法。通过对美国ＮＲＶ样例的试算表明，头部形变的主要参量与实测数据符合较好。     

叶片飞失转子动力特性及支承结构安全性设计

针对航空发动机在叶片飞失极限载荷下的支点载荷控制问题,建立综合考虑冲击、惯性非对称、减速过临界等多种力学过程的支点动载荷响应分析方法;提出针对止推支点的缓冲阻尼支承结构安全性设计,该结构可以通过控制支承结构的刚度、阻尼参数,调整转子系统动力特性,降低转子临界转速。通过支点动载荷响应分析方法定量评估缓冲阻尼结构对降低支点动载荷的有效性。通过试验证明转子系统在冲击-减速过程中对支点载荷的影响因素。结果表明:叶片飞失所产生的冲击作用和减速过临界过程是威胁支承结构承载能力的主要因素。采用缓冲阻尼支承结构能够使叶片飞失下转子系统的支点动载荷降低至20%,是一种有效的支承结构安全性设计。     

不对称静子尾迹流场激振力分析及计算方法

为降低转子叶片在前排静子尾迹流场激振情况下的动应力,提高转子叶片疲劳寿命,对不对称静子叶片分布进行流场分析,研究在不对称静子分布非谐情况下,转子所受到的尾迹流场的激振力频谱及幅值.研究表明不对称静子分布非谐设计下,转子所受到的激振力由静子均布情况下的单频率高幅值激振转变为多频率成分低幅值激振力,通过对各个频率成分幅值的计算分析,得到了不对称静子分布非谐设计可有效降低转子叶片受到的尾流激振力,提高疲劳寿命的结论.同时,对不对称静子分布的三维流场计算,提出了简化计算方法,可大大降低计算时间和对计算机硬件要求.