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21.
1989年3月太阳活动引起的强烈磁暴群 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本文分析了1989年3月上旬一个太阳超级活动区中多次特大耀斑引起的强磁暴群.联系源耀斑的等级、位置等讨论了磁暴形态特征.随着耀斑活动区位置由东向西旋转,磁暴的形态呈现有规律的变化,充分显示了磁暴形态特征有依赖于耀斑位置的中心子午线效应和东西不对称性. 相似文献
22.
D. B. Melrose 《Space Science Reviews》1994,68(1-4):159-170
The theory of electron cyclotron maser emission and its application to solar spike bursts are reviewed. By analogy with the Earth's AKR, three sources of free energy are considered: a loss-cone anisotropy, a velocity-space hole, and a trapped distribution. The problem of how the radiation escapes through the second harmonic absorption layer is emphasized. Harmonic emission due to z mode coalescence may operate for some bursts, but the 2–5s delay between hard X-ray bursts and spike bursts suggests that some other mechanisms is required for most spike bursts. A model involving formation of a trapped distribution in low-density regions neighboring the flaring flux tube is considered. 相似文献
23.
Spectral emission lines created in the solar chromosphere — corona transition region show net red-shifts. It has been proposed that this may be the result of the return of spicular material. We simulate a spicule numerically using the rebound shock model and find that the resulting hydrodynamic evolution leads to a perceived up-flow in transition region spectral lines even though the average velocity in the line forming region is directed downward. The explanation for this apparent paradox is found in the correlation between density and velocity in the waves generated by the rebound shock spicule. 相似文献
24.
25.
The formation of planetary systems is intimately tied to the question of the evolution of the gas and solid material in the
early nebula. Current models of evolution of circumstellar disks are reviewed here with emphasis on the so-called “alpha models”
in which angular momentum is transported outward by turbulent viscosity, parameterized by an dimensionless parameter α. A
simple 1D model of protoplanetary disks that includes gas and embedded particles is used to introduce key questions on planetesimal
formation. This model includes the aerodynamic properties of solid ice and rock grains to calculate their migration and growth.
We show that the evolution of the nebula and migration and growth of its solids proceed on timescales that are generally not
much longer than the timescale necessary to fully form the star-disk system from the molecular cloud. Contrary to a widely
used approach, planet formation therefore can neither be studied in a static nebula nor in a nebula evolving from an arbitrary initial condition. We propose a simple approach to both account for sedimentation
from the molecular cloud onto the disk, disk evolution and migration of solids.
Giant planets have key roles in the history of the forming Solar System: they formed relatively early, when a significant
amount of hydrogen and helium were still present in the nebula, and have a mass that is a sizable fraction of the disk mass
at any given time. Their composition is also of interest because when compared to the solar composition, their enrichment
in elements other than hydrogen and helium is a witness of sorting processes that occured in the protosolar nebula. We review
likely scenarios capable of explaining both the presence of central dense cores in Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune and
their global composition.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
26.
F.B. Rizzato A.C.-L. Chian M.V. Alves R. Erichsen S.R. Lopes G.I. de Oliveira R. Pakter E.L. Rempel 《Space Science Reviews》2003,107(1-2):507-514
Langmuir waves and turbulence resulting from an electron beam-plasma instability play a fundamental role in the generation
of solar radio bursts. We report recent theoretical advances in nonlinear dynamics of Langmuir waves. First, starting from
the generalized Zakharov equations, we study the parametric excitation of solar radio bursts at the fundamental plasma frequency
driven by a pair of oppositely propagating Langmuir waves with different wave amplitudes. Next, we briefly discuss the emergence
of chaos in the Zakharov equations. We point out that chaos can lead to turbulence in the source regions of solar radio emissions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
27.
Several examples of the radio emission of eruptive solar flares with high-frequency slowly drifting structures and type II
bursts are presented. Relationships of these radio bursts with eruptive phenomena such as soft X-ray plasmoid ejection and
shock formation are shown. Possible underlying physical processes are discussed in the framework of the plasmoid ejection
model of eruptive solar flares. On the other hand, it is shown that these radio bursts can be considered as radio signatures
of eruptive solar flares and thus used for the prediction of heliospheric effects.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
28.
29.
北京天文台在2.84GHz频率上观测到的带短时标精细结构的微波爆发与日本YOHKOH卫星上HXT在1991年10月-1992年12月观测到的硬X射线爆发(HXB)事件作了比较,发现在20个微波精细结构爆发事件只有12个与YOHKOH卫星记录的HXB有对应关系.本文对1992年6月7日典型事件中2.84GHz与HXB共同存在的百秒量级的准周期振荡作了分析及源区参数的计算,并作了简要的讨论. 相似文献
30.
模拟地球同步轨道辐照环境对光学太阳反射镜性能的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了模拟地球同步轨道辐照环境对卫星用温控涂层-光学太阳反射镜(OSR)性能的影响。对所研制的两类OSR 片进行的辐照试验项目有,真空紫外辐照、低能电子和两种能量的质子辐照。此外还进行了等离子体环境条件下的表面充/放电效应试验。经过相当于安装在地球同步轨道卫星南北极位置处,在空间七年所受到的电子、质子和紫外辐照总剂量的辐照后,导电型OSR 的太阳光谱吸收率α_s 由0.068增加到0.078,法向发射率ε_n 由0.83降低到0.72;而非导电型OSR的α_s 由0.066增加到0.085,ε_n 由0.82降低到0.76。表面充/放电试验的结果表明:导电型OSR 的充电电位仅在15~40V 之间,而非导电型OSR 的充电电位则可高达13kV。因此导电型OSR能有效地控制表面的充/放电现象。 相似文献