1989年3月太阳活动引起的强烈磁暴群

本文分析了1989年3月上旬一个太阳超级活动区中多次特大耀斑引起的强磁暴群.联系源耀斑的等级、位置等讨论了磁暴形态特征.随着耀斑活动区位置由东向西旋转,磁暴的形态呈现有规律的变化,充分显示了磁暴形态特征有依赖于耀斑位置的中心子午线效应和东西不对称性.     

Transition region line-shifts in the rebound shock spicule model

Spectral emission lines created in the solar chromosphere — corona transition region show net red-shifts. It has been proposed that this may be the result of the return of spicular material. We simulate a spicule numerically using the rebound shock model and find that the resulting hydrodynamic evolution leads to a perceived up-flow in transition region spectral lines even though the average velocity in the line forming region is directed downward. The explanation for this apparent paradox is found in the correlation between density and velocity in the waves generated by the rebound shock spicule.     

低密度小喷管流场的DSMC直接模拟

用ＤＳＭＣ方法数值模拟了低密度轴对小喷管的流场流动，获得了相应的结果，并将所得结果与用差分求解Ｎ－Ｓ方程方法获得的结果进行了对比，二者吻合较好。     

一种用于材料高温蠕变分析的统一粘塑性损伤本构模型

通过应变等效假设在本文提出的具有过应力特征的统一粘塑性本构模型［５］中引入了描述材料损伤的内变量。并且给出了一个基于组合功密度概念的新的损伤模型。同以往的唯象模型相比，该损伤模型具有较明确的细观物理意义，能反映应变率和应力状态对损伤演化发展的影响。     

液体密度传感器

介绍了几种典型的液体密度传感器的基本结构、工作原理与应用特点.     

微束等离子焊接钛合金薄板保护规律的研究

 通过试验认为微束等离子焊接钛合金薄板的保护问题,关键在于控制施焊时焊缝处于700℃以上的加热范围,和700℃到400℃的冷却时间。并论证了以氧的污染层厚度作为钛合金焊接污染程度判据的合理性。本文采用电子探针法对氧污染层厚度进行了测定,求出污染方程。从而。使微束等离子焊接钛合金薄板的污染问题,可通过调整焊接规范进行控制。     

Phase Space Density Analysis of Energy Transport in the Earth’s Magnetotail

Two energetic events in the Earth’s magnetotail detected by Geotail are examined with detailed analysis of three-dimensional velocity phase space density. It is found that the occurrence of multiple ion components is high during these dynamic episodes. Different populations evolve independently of each other, suggesting particles from multiple activity sites contributing to the observed phase space density. The transport properties with consideration of multiple components are evaluated, with the result showing significant differences from those based on a single fluid approach. This comparison indicates that precise evaluation of the energy and magnetic flux transport of energetic events in the magnetotail requires resolving individual populations in the phase space density.     

碱金属引射对尾流化学动力学和电子密度的影响

用把碱金属（Na）加入到空气尾流中进行数值模拟的方法,研究了碱金属引射对高超声速尾流化学动力学和电子密度的影响。采用的化学反应模型为包括O2、N2、O、N、NO、NO＋、Na 、Na、O2-及e-的10组元模型。计算结果表明,碱金属引射,使尾流电子数密度增加1～3个量级。计算结果与文献中的数据符合较好。     

炮击振动试验谱的预计

 <正> 军用飞机机炮附近区域,最严重的振动环境主要是射击时传递到飞机主要结构上的冲击压力脉冲所诱导的强烈振动场所引起的。这种环境,随着距炮口距离的增加,其作用明显减弱。距炮口2 m半径范围内敏感的机载设备受炮击振动影响较大,2 m半径以外炮击振动的量值衰减很快。炮击振动试验谱一般是根据炮击实测数据经分析归纳后提供的。对于新研制的飞机来说,在方案论证阶段和初步设计阶段,在无实测数据的情况下,只能根据有关规范进行估算和参考原准机的经验修正,给出初步的炮击振动试验谱。     

Evolution of the Protosolar Nebula and Formation of the Giant Planets

The formation of planetary systems is intimately tied to the question of the evolution of the gas and solid material in the early nebula. Current models of evolution of circumstellar disks are reviewed here with emphasis on the so-called “alpha models” in which angular momentum is transported outward by turbulent viscosity, parameterized by an dimensionless parameter α. A simple 1D model of protoplanetary disks that includes gas and embedded particles is used to introduce key questions on planetesimal formation. This model includes the aerodynamic properties of solid ice and rock grains to calculate their migration and growth. We show that the evolution of the nebula and migration and growth of its solids proceed on timescales that are generally not much longer than the timescale necessary to fully form the star-disk system from the molecular cloud. Contrary to a widely used approach, planet formation therefore can neither be studied in a static nebula nor in a nebula evolving from an arbitrary initial condition. We propose a simple approach to both account for sedimentation from the molecular cloud onto the disk, disk evolution and migration of solids. Giant planets have key roles in the history of the forming Solar System: they formed relatively early, when a significant amount of hydrogen and helium were still present in the nebula, and have a mass that is a sizable fraction of the disk mass at any given time. Their composition is also of interest because when compared to the solar composition, their enrichment in elements other than hydrogen and helium is a witness of sorting processes that occured in the protosolar nebula. We review likely scenarios capable of explaining both the presence of central dense cores in Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune and their global composition. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.