太阳帆技术综述

文章简要阐述了太阳帆的概念、主要结构和技术,参考美国L’Garde公司的太阳帆展开设计,对涉及的充气及刚化予以概述,为研究分析太阳帆的展开技术提供借鉴。     

太阳帆板地面展开的气动阻力数值仿真

为研究太阳帆板地面展开试验中气动阻力的影响,基于动网格技术提出了一种时变空气阻力计算方法。该方法采用CFD商业软件进行仿真计算,分析了三帆板地面低速展开的气动阻力影响。分析结果表明,该帆板在运动过程中所受的阻力较小,与工程设计的预估结果相近。     

空间可展结构卷尺铰链的设计与分析

卷尺弹簧是形状类似钢卷尺的一种构件,是一种单层开口柱面壳。可以利用其壳体屈曲性能,设计和研制出一种铰链结构。这种铰链结构具有独特的力学性能,它可以利用折叠时积聚的弹性应变能实现结构的自动展开而不需要其它的动力装置;在展开之后,又能够靠自身的刚度提供大型可展结构所需的锁定力,而不需要另外加设锁定装置。这种铰链可用于大型航天可展结构中,如可展的太阳翼等。     

空间太阳能发电和微波与电离层相互作用

本文第一部分研究了空间太阳能热发电，基于所提的评价动力系统的准则，比较了三种热力学系统，并给出了一些参数变化对闭式回热Ｂｒａｙｔｏｎ循环系统的影响，本文第二部分对微波速对电离层中电子的加速和受热进行了数值研究，得出了一些结果。     

太阳电池阵的模态分析

人造卫星的刚性太阳电池阵有两种工作状态。构成它的各板块之间的连接机构的非线性性质对其展开时的模态影响很大。本文给出了连接装置的线性化和有限元分析的模型,阐述了用子结构和计及非线性性质的分析方法,给出了其伸展态的前几个模态状况;简述了模态试验的方法并比较了有限元分析和实尺度模态试验结果。 在试验基础上作参数修改和模态重新分析,使固有频率的总相关系数达90％。     

用太阳舵控制大型挠性体太空帆的控制方法

本文论述了一种用太阳舵控制大型挠性体太空帆的控制方法。介绍了太阳舵控制原理、控制方案,给出了控制规律,推导了解耦控制力矩方程。最后分析了挠性振动的稳定性控制。     

辐射换热条件下空间薄壁圆管结构瞬态温度场、热变形有限元分析

对航天结构中常见的辐射换热条件下的空间薄壁圆管结构，构造了一种用于非线性瞬态温度计算的傅立叶－有限单元。圆管温度沿杆长用有限元离散，沿周向分布展成三角函数。圆管温度单元每个结点包含平均温度、余弦和正弦分布温度幅三个自由度，并且在每个时间步内实现了平均温度增量与沿截面温差增量的解耦。在结构热变形分析时圆管单元节点上既承受温度轴力，又承受截面温差导致的热弯矩。采用这种单元对非线性换热条件下的复杂空间结构进行离散可以较准确地反映结构的温度场与热变形。经与前人的解析解和三维有限元结果的验证，证明该单元是可靠的。对太阳能帆板梁与空间抛物面天线的热－结构分析说明这种新单元的应用价值。     

Turbulent transition in solar surges

It has been suggested that a surge can be modelled as a jet travelling in a sheared magnetic field, and that the transition to turbulence of this MHD tearing jet can explain several key observed features. In this paper we present our preliminary results of the transition to turbulencevia secondary instabilities of the MHD tearing jet. Our results confirm that turbulent transition can decelerate the surge, with decay times which compare well with surge data. Furthermore, we find that the turbulent MHD tearing jet forms magnetic field-aligned velocity filaments similar to those often observed in the surge flow field.     

Signature of coronal holes and streamers in the interplanetary space

The properties of different solar wind streams depend on the large scale structure of the coronal magnetic field. We present average values and distributions of bulk parameters (density, velocity, temperature, mass flux, momentum, and kinetic and thermal energy, ratio of thermal and magnetic pressure, as well as the helium abundance) as observed on board the Prognoz 7 satellite in different types of the solar wind streams. Maximum mass flux is recorded in the streams emanating from the coronal streamers while maximum thermal and kinetic energy fluxes are observed in the streams from the coronal holes. The momentum fluxes are equal in both types of streams. The maximum ratio of thermal and magnetic pressure is observed in heliospheric current sheet. The helium abundance in streams from coronal holes is higher than in streams from streamers, and its dependences on density and mass flux are different in different types of the streams. Also, the dynamics of -particle velocity and temperature relative to protons in streams from coronal holes and streamers is discussed.     

Periodic or random acceleration in solar flares?

The issue whether acceleration and injection of electron beams is coherently modulated by a single quasi-periodic source, or whether the injection is driven by a stochastic process in time or (eventually fragmented) in space, is investigated by menas of a periodicity analysis of metric type III bursts.We analyze 260 continuous type III groups observed byIkarus (ETH Zurich) in the frequency range of 100–500 MHz during 359 solar flares with simultaneous 25 keV hard X-ray emission, in the years 1980–1983. Pulse periods have been measured between 0.5 and 10 s, and can be described by an exponential distribution, i.e.N(P) e ^–P/1.0s. We measure the mean periodP and its standard deviation p in each type III group, and quantify the degree of periodicity by the dimensionless parameter p/P. The representative sample of 260 type III burst groups shows a mean periodicity of p/P=0.37±0.12, while Monte-Carlo simulations of an equivalent set of truly random time series show a distinctly different value of p/P=0.93±0.26. This result suggests that the injection of electron beams is periodically modulated by a particle acceleration source which is either compact or has a global organization on a time scale of seconds.