太阳宁静区磁漏斗结构的扩展特征

通过对观测的光球纵向磁场进行势场外推, 重构了一个太阳宁静区光球以上的磁场结构. 结果显示, 在20 Mm 以下, 开放磁力线呈现多个明显的小磁漏斗结构, 这些小磁漏斗结构随高度扩展, 并且在20 Mm 左右融合成大的漏斗结构. 通过系统地研究磁漏斗结构横截面积随高度的变化趋势, 发现太阳宁静区磁漏斗结构的截面积随高度近似线性扩展, 磁漏斗结构在较低高度上(<20Mm) 扩展的速度比在较高高度上 (>20Mm) 扩展的速度要快. 这一结果对太阳风起源和磁环中物质流动的二维数值模拟具有重要的意义. 同时还发现, 闭合磁力线的数目随高度以指数函数的形式减少.      

周期结构和太阳电池翼的模态分析

基于周期结构的振动理论,把折叠状态太阳电池翼当作拟周期结构处理,解释了太阳电池翼在进行模态分析时所出现的“主模态局部化”现象,了解该现象对于在实验模态分析中确定阻尼系数具有重要意义。同时从理论上说明了,简单的基板模型的第1阶特征值是整翼模型的第1阶特征值的近似值。两个算例计算的结果支持了这个观点。     

Energy-optimal trajectory planning for solar-powered aircraft using soft actor-critic

High-Altitude Long-Endurance(HALE) solar-powered Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles(UAVs) can utilize solar energy as power source and maintain extremely long cruise endurance,which has attracted extensive attentions from researchers. Trajectory optimization is a promising way to achieve superior flight time because of the finite solar energy absorbed in a day. In this work,a method of trajectory optimization and guidance for HALE solar-powered aircraft based on a Reinforcement Learning(RL) framework is...     

Convex optimization of asteroid landing trajectories driven by solar radiation pressure

High-area/mass ratio landers driven by Solar Radiation Pressure(SRP) have potential applications for future asteroid landing missions. This paper develops a new convex optimization-based method for planning trajectories driven by SRP. A Minimum Landing Error(MLE) control problem is formulated to enable planning SRP-controlled trajectories with different flight times. It is transformed into Second Order Cone Programming(SOCP) successfully by a series of different convexification technologies. A t...     

水浴沉积法制备太阳能电池用CdS薄膜

本文用化学沉积法和电化学沉积法制备太阳能电池用半导体薄膜硫化镉（ＣｄＳ）,对成膜的影响因素进行了测试。结果表明,化学沉积ＣｄＳ质量较好,沉积速度较慢,受ｐＨ的影响较大,且水浴容器壁上沉积有大量的ＣｄＳ膜。电化学沉积ＣｄＳ的电流密度在０．５～２．５ ｍ Ａ／ｃｍ ２ 的范围内,沉积速度快,材料消耗少,但是对电流密度过于敏感,成膜参数难以控制。     

空间站大面积太阳翼热分析

本文在一定的假设条件下，对空间站大面积太阳翼进行了系统的热流和温度场计算。在计算中利用矢量分析和坐标变换的方法求解出了太阳直接辐射1地球红外辐射和地球反照的辐射角系数，再根据传热学理论建立了瞬态热平衡方程，应用有限单元法对热平衡方程进行了求解。本文通过计算给出了各项热流的大小及在总热流中所占的比例和太阳民办的瞬态温度场分布，对空间站大面积太阳翼设计及热控制具有一定的参考价值。     

太阳帆板绳索联动同步机构的机理和功能分析

绳索联动机构（ＣＣＬ）是航天器上最常用的附件同步展开控制机构。本文将其等效为一个被动控制器，推导了机构的数学模型，分析了其参数对太阳电池阵同步展开的影响，并对一大型单翼太阳电池阵的展开过程进行了仿真，其结果和实验基本相符。同时得出了一些对工程设计有参考意义的结论。     

Sunspot activity and cosmic ray modulation at 1 a.u. for 1900–2013

The descent of sunspot cycle 23 to an unprecedented minimum of long duration in 2006–2009 led to a prolonged galactic cosmic ray (GCR) recovery to the highest level observed in the instrumental era for a variety of energetic charged particle species on Earth, over a wide range of rigidities. The remarkable GCR increase measured by several ground-based, balloon-borne, and detectors on a satellite is described and discussed. It is accompanied by a decrease in solar wind velocity and interplanetary magnetic field at 1 a.u., reaching the lowest values since measurements of the solar wind began in October 1963; the solar polar field strength (μT) measured at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) is also significantly reduced compared to prior cycles since the start of the program in 1976, the polar field in the northern hemisphere reversed in June 2012 and again in February 2014, that in the southern hemisphere reversed in July 2013. If updates of WSO data confirm the second reversal in northern solar hemisphere, it would pose a serious challenge to the Dynamo Theory. The long-term change in solar behavior may have begun in 1992, perhaps earlier. The physical underpinnings of these solar changes need to be understood and their effect on GCR modulation processes clarified. The study discusses the recent phenomena in the context of GCR modulation since 1900. These happenings affected our empirical predictions for the key parameters for the next two sunspot cycles (they may be progressively less active than sunspot cycle 24) but it enhanced support for our prediction that solar activity is descending into a Dalton-like grand minimum in the middle of the twentyfirst century, reducing the frequency of the coronal mass ejections; they determine the space weather affecting the quality of life on Earth, radiation dose for hardware and human activities in space as well as the frequency of large Forbush decreases at 1 a.u.     

航天用太阳电池地面标定测试装置研究

传统的标准太阳电池标定方法分为高空标定与地面标定,地面标定方法已纳入国际标准。地面标定由于操作简便、标定结果较为精准目前被广泛应用。太阳电池标定结果准确与否对航天器电源系统姿态敏感期、地面环境模拟的设计具有重要意义。本文对太阳电池地面标定方法展开研究,根据国家标准中地面标定方法原理研制了便携式、高准确度的地面标定测试设备,包括准直孔、太阳电池托盘、太阳跟踪器等标定装置,使地面标定过程简易化,对航天用太阳电池地面标定有着重要意义。     

Mean energy of response to galactic cosmic ray spectrum: IMP 8 and Climax neutron monitor

Solar modulations of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity contain a wealth of information about their transport in the heliosphere. To extract this information from the data one studies the dependence of the observed modulations on the mean energy of response of detectors providing data for the analyses. There is a great deal of confusion about the detector energy response to GCR spectrum in the literature. We present a preliminary report on the computations of the mean energy of response for the Climax neutron monitor (CL/NM) and IMP 8 cosmic ray nuclear composition instrument to GCR protons for 1973–1998, covering the solar cycles 21 and 22. We find that for penetrating proton channel on IMP 8 the mean energy changes by a factor of over two whereas for the neutron monitor the change is only 21%. However, the corresponding change for the computed modulation function is a factor of about 3.5.