空间站大面积太阳翼热分析

本文在一定的假设条件下，对空间站大面积太阳翼进行了系统的热流和温度场计算。在计算中利用矢量分析和坐标变换的方法求解出了太阳直接辐射1地球红外辐射和地球反照的辐射角系数，再根据传热学理论建立了瞬态热平衡方程，应用有限单元法对热平衡方程进行了求解。本文通过计算给出了各项热流的大小及在总热流中所占的比例和太阳民办的瞬态温度场分布，对空间站大面积太阳翼设计及热控制具有一定的参考价值。     

Coronal radio-sounding detection of a CME during the 1997 Galileo solar conjunction

Frequency fluctuations of the Galileo S-band radio signal were recorded nearly continuously during the spacecraft’s solar conjunction from December 1996 to February 1997. A strong propagating disturbance, most probably associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME), was detected on 7 February when the radio ray path proximate point was on the west solar limb at about 54 solar radii from the Sun. The CME passage through the line of sight is characterized by a significant increase in the fluctuation intensity of the recorded frequency and by an increase in the plasma speed from about 234 km s⁻¹ up to about 755 km s⁻¹. These velocity estimates are obtained from a correlation analysis of frequency fluctuations recorded simultaneously at two widely-separated ground stations. The density turbulence power spectrum is found to steepen behind the CME front. The Galileo radio-sounding data are compared with SOHO/LASCO observations of the CME in the corona and with WIND spacecraft data near the Earth’s orbit.     

Solar wind turbulence during the solar cycle deduced from Galileo coronal radio-sounding experiments

Seven coronal radio-sounding campaigns were carried out during the active lifetime of the Galileo spacecraft in the years 1994–2002. The observational data analyzed in the present work are S-band frequency fluctuation measurements recorded during the solar conjunctions at different phases of solar activity cycle #23, specifically: periods near solar maximum (three conjunctions), near solar minimum (three conjunctions) and during the ascending phase (one conjunction). These data are all applicable to low heliographic latitudes, i.e. to the slow solar wind. The rms frequency fluctuation and power-law index of the frequency fluctuation temporal spectra are determined as a function of heliocentric distance. The turbulence power spectrum tends to be flatter inside ca. 20 solar radii during all phases of the solar cycle. This coincides with a transition in the flow from the inner acceleration region to the outer region of constant velocity. The radial falloff rate and absolute level of the rms frequency fluctuation are essentially invariant over the solar cycle.     

Sunspot cycle 23 descent to an unusual minimum and forecasts for cycle 24 activity

The decay phase of the sunspot cycle 23 exhibited two unusual features. First, it lasted too long. Second, the interplanetary magnetic field intensity at earth orbit reached the lowest value since in situ measurements in space began in October 1963. These physical anomalies significantly altered the early forecasts for the sunspot activity parameters for cycle 24, made by several colleagues. We note that there was a significant change in the solar behavior during cycle 22. We discuss the observed trends and their effect on our empirical solar activity forecast technique, leading to our prediction for cycle 24 parameters; cycle 24 will be only half as active as cycle 23, reaching its peak in May 2013. We speculate on the possible implications of this outcome on future earth climate change and the ensuing socio-economic consequences.     

保载条件下FGH95材料的疲劳特性及寿命建模

针对FGH95粉末冶金材料进行了650℃时不同保载形式(拉伸保载、压缩保载和拉压保载)的疲劳试验, 分析了其变形特征和疲劳寿命分布特征以及保载对疲劳寿命的影响.并据此, 为改进保载条件下疲劳寿命的建模, 提出了迟滞环位置-形状修正因子的概念, 进而得到了一种修正的非弹性应变能~寿命方程.经对该材料疲劳试验寿命的建模和计算分析表明:该方法相比其他几种工程上经常采用的寿命预测方程, 较好地解决粉末冶金材料高温保载疲劳时的寿命建模问题, 且该方程对试验寿命预测的精度更高, 形式简单, 具有明显的物理意义.      

Spectroscopic Measurement of Coronal Compositions

Although the elemental composition in all parts of the solar photosphere appears to be the same this is clearly not the case with the solar upper atmosphere (SUA). Spectroscopic studies show that in the corona elemental composition along solar equatorial regions is usually different from polar regions; composition in quiet Sun regions is often different from coronal hole and active region compositions and the transition region composition is frequently different from the coronal composition along the same line of sight. In the following two issues are discussed. The first involves abundance ratios between the high-FIP O and Ne and the low-FIP Mg and Fe that are important for meaningful comparisons between photospheric and SUA compositions and the second involves a review of composition and time variability of SUA plasmas at heights of 1.0≤h≤1.5R _⊙.     

前飞状态旋翼动稳定性及自由度间相互作用研究

为研究直升机在前飞状态下的稳定性,建立了前飞状态下旋翼的结构模型、气动力模型和平衡方程组。对方程组的周期系数处理以及前飞时的相关参数对旋翼动稳定性的影响等进行了研究。在前飞动稳定性分析中引入动力入流自由度。从分析各个自由度间的相互作用入手揭示旋翼动不稳定性的物理本质及影响因素。      

A nonlinear background removal method for seismo-ionospheric anomaly analysis under a complex solar activity scenario: A case study of the M9.0 Tohoku earthquake

A precise determination of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomaly variations that are likely associated with large earthquakes as observed by global positioning system (GPS) requires the elimination of the ionospheric effect from irregular solar electromagnetic radiation. In particular, revealing the seismo-ionospheric anomalies when earthquakes occurred during periods of high solar activity is of utmost importance. To overcome this constraint, a multiresolution time series processing technique based on wavelet transform applicable to global ionosphere map (GIM) TEC data was used to remove the nonlinear effect from solar radiation for the earthquake that struck Tohoku, Japan, on 11 March, 2011. As a result, it was found that the extracted TEC have a good correlation with the measured solar extreme ultraviolet flux in 26–34 nm (EUV_26–34) and the 10.7 cm solar radio flux (F_10.7). After removing the influence of solar radiation origin in GIM TEC, the analysis results show that the TEC around the forthcoming epicenter and its conjugate were significantly enhanced in the afternoon period of 8 March 2011, 3 days before the earthquake. The spatial distributions of the TEC anomalous and extreme enhancements indicate that the earthquake preparation process had brought with a TEC anomaly area of size approximately 1650 and 5700 km in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions, respectively.     

中低纬度Pc3-4地磁脉动特性研究——子午工程数据分析初步结果

利用新建成的子午工程地磁台站数据,对比分析了地磁平静期间(2011年3月20-27日)和磁暴期间(2011年9月25日至10月1日)Pc3-4地磁脉动的时空分布特征及其对行星际条件的响应.数据分析结果表明,中低纬度(1.3<L<2.3,L为磁壳参数)的Pc3-4地磁脉动在这两个时期内的分布存在明显的晨昏不对称性,在昼侧前出现明显的Pc3-4地磁脉动并与行星际上游波动密切相关,其振幅增强可能与太阳风动压脉冲相关,高速太阳风更易导致Pc3-4地磁脉动;而对于近赤道低纬(L<1.3)区域,无论是在地磁平静期还是磁暴期均未能观测到Pc3-4地磁脉动,Pc3-4地磁脉动存在明显的纬度效应.     

PSE方法在后部加载叶栅绕流稳定性分析及转捩预测中的应用

采用数值求解与实验测量相结合的方法, 分析后加载叶栅绕流的稳定性并预测转捩.推导出正交曲线坐标系下三维扰动波的抛物化稳定性方程, 在风洞实验中测量叶栅叶片表面的静压分布, 并结合测量结果对设计叶栅的流动稳定性进行特征值分析.分析结果表明:(1)后加载叶型能有效推迟转捩, 提高叶栅的变冲角特性;(2)当冲角变化时叶顶流动稳定性的变化最显著, 负冲角流动稳定, 正冲角流动最不稳定.