湿热对单向复合材料层板断裂韧性及疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

就湿热(70℃,相对湿度RH100％)环境对T300/914C石墨/环氧单向复合材料层板层间断裂韧性的影响进行了研究。用扫描电镜对断口形貌进行观察,不论是湿热处理的或是室温放置和经干燥处理的,断口形貌无明显差异。我们还对上述DCB试样在交变载荷作用下裂纹的扩展行为进行了研究。找出了裂纹扩展速率da/dN与最大循环应变能释放率G_(Imax)关系式da/dN=A·G_(Imax)~B中的A和B两个常数的数值。经湿热处理的DCB试样疲劳裂纹扩展速率与干燥试样相比有所降低。我们分别用断口形貌、断裂机理和断裂力学原理分析了湿热环境对复合材料性能的影响。     

A continual model of soil organic matter transformations for predicting soil forming dynamics inside higher plant CELSS

A continual model of humification and mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) formed under the conditions of a Lunar base from biological waste materials is proposed. The model parameters corresponding to the conditions of several Earths climatic regions are estimated. The time necessary for the formation of organic matter in the soil based on regolith and higher plant residues has been evaluated. Soil formation under tropical conditions are shown to be the most appropriate for Lunar base CELSS due to high matter turnover rate, relatively short formation time, minimum deposited mass, and satisfactory predictability of expected soil parameters.     

国外海洋盐度与土壤湿度探测卫星的发展

文章调查研究了国外海洋盐度与土壤湿度探测卫星发展情况、探测机理;重点对SMOS、Aquarius、SMAP等三颗最具代表性的土壤湿度和海洋盐度探测卫星进行了研究分析,比对了三颗卫星的主要技术指标,并总结了其技术发展特点和关键技术;最后结合我国技术基础对发展我国盐度与湿度卫星提出了建议。     

TELEDYNE8800A露点仪的实验室应用

将TELEDYNE8800A露点仪应用到实验室中,采取相应措施尽量消除实验室条件下的一些不利因素,以达到快速、准确地测量介质中微量水分的目的.     

电容式粮食水分仪的研究与设计

为了实现快速精确的粮食水分测量,设计出一种电容式粮食水分测量仪。分析了粮食水分测量仪的基本原理,设计了微小电容测量电路。通过实验并且经过标定分析出了粮食水分检测的各参数（粮食水分含量、环境温度、紧实度）之间的对应关系,进行误差分析并得出结论。设计的粮食水分仪能够比较准确的检测出不同粮食的水分含量,基本满足国家粮食检测精度及准确度标准。     

Forest biomass monitoring with GNSS-R: Theoretical simulations

GNSS-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is a remote sensing technique which performs bistatic measurements of the earth surface scattering. This paper presents some theoretical simulations of the specular scattering coefficient of a forested area, with the aim of demonstrating the potentiality of GNSS-R in monitoring forest biomass. The study is performed by means of an electromagnetic model developed in the past years and tested over several vegetation covered sites in its active and passive version. Here, after showing a comparison between model results and measurements over a forest site in the monostatic configuration, and after summarizing other previous validations, the extension to the specular configuration, typical of GNSS-R systems, will be presented. Namely, simulations are carried out at circular polarization and a sensitivity analysis of the received power in the specular configuration to some soil and forest parameters is shown.     

空气循环制冷游离水与空气分离方法的探讨与研究

本文分析了空气循环制冷技术的原理以及技术应用于地面设备的特点，针对外界高温、高湿的大气条件下制冷过程中游离水与空气的分离问题给出了新的有效的解决办法。     

湿热环境对改进型钡钨发射体空心阴极放电特性的影响

电推力器用传统钡钨空心阴极具有工作温度低、发射效率高的优点,但其抗中毒能力却较差。电推力器的寿命受到空心阴极寿命的制约,为保证推力器长期在轨工作,研制了一种具备强抗中毒能力的改进型钡钨阴极,将其暴露在90%湿度、60℃的湿热环境中累计240h,试验前后触持电压的变化量小于1V,满足判据要求。随后对改进型钡钨阴极分别进行了组件级和推力器级性能测试,测试结果表明,改进型钡钨阴极的稳态工作温度为1050℃,比六硼化镧型阴极低250℃,组件级阳极电压为21V,比六硼化镧型低4~5V;推力器级阳极电压为35V,比六硼化镧型低8~10V。试验结论表明,改进型钡钨阴极具有强抗中毒能力及优异的工作性能,采用该类阴极可以有效地满足推力器的长寿命要求。     

Retrieval of crop variables with field-based X-band microwave remote sensing of ladyfinger

Modeling in agriculture has been widely used to retrieve and monitor various soil and crop growth variables. Remote sensing, especially radar sensors can be useful for temporal and spatial monitoring of the soil and plant variables. Therefore, in this paper field measurements of crop ladyfinger were carried out to examine the dependency of radar backscatter on crop–soil variables and to develop a method for monitoring and retrieving crop variables for ladyfinger. A crop-bed was prepared to observe scatterometer response in the angular range of incidence angle 20–70° at 9.89 GHz in the X-band for VV- and HH-polarization. At the same time, soil moisture, plant height, leaf area index and aboveground biomass were measured at various growth stages of crop ladyfinger. The angular variation of scattering coefficient decreases with the age of crop ladyfinger shows the dominance of crop effect on soil moisture effect at the older age. Thus, angular trends are more flat as the plant grows since the effects of soil is masked by developing vegetation. Scattering coefficient increases with the increase of leaf area index for both polarizations (i.e. VV- and HH-). It was found that leaf area index and aboveground biomass of crop ladyfinger are highly correlated with microwave frequency more than with plant height and soil moisture. Leaf area index and biomass of ladyfinger crop were retrieved by polarization based model and non-linear least square optimization model. These two models gave very good results for the retrieval of leaf area index and aboveground biomass.     

基于集总虚拟湿源的民机客舱湿度预测

 热湿环境是影响国内及国际航线民机客舱舒适性的主要因素,准确获得客舱热湿动态变化特性,对于飞机客舱舒适性研究具有重要意义。从现役国内及国际航线民机热湿环境现状测试分析入手,引入集总虚拟湿源(LVMS)项,建立客舱湿度预测模型,并利用跟机测试数据辨识得到相关机型的模型参数,使用该模型来提高涵盖飞行包线的湿度预测精度。该集总虚拟湿源项能使用简单的集总方程整体地反映所有内饰材料湿气吸收和脱附过程。研究结果表明:提出的湿度预测方法与实测数据吻合较好,能够反应不同机型不同飞行剖面下的客舱湿度变化特性,可为未来我国民机客舱热湿控制系统的设计与控制策略的制定提供依据。