"北斗"陆基增强系统岸台同步技术研究

导航信号同步技术是无线电导航系统的关键技术.本文介绍了"北斗"陆基增强系统的技术方案,对该系统导航信号同步技术进行了分析.利用"北斗"单向授时技术实现导航台时钟同步;采用CPLD器件设计同步脉冲提取电路及同步调整电路;利用直接频率合成技术产生高精度、高稳定度的扩频伪码时钟.实测数据分析表明,通过"北斗"授时可以保证陆基增强系统的导航台链具有较高的时钟同步精度.     

月球轨道编队超长波天文观测微卫星任务

月球背面能够有效屏蔽来自地球并同时遮挡来自太阳的射电信号干扰,拥有太阳系中近乎最安静的电磁环境,是开展空间超长波天文观测的最佳选择区域。在立足完成空间干涉实验的基本任务目标基础、并力争实现重大科学发现的研究思路基础上,研制并发射两颗微卫星,搭载"嫦娥4号"任务进入地月转移轨道,自主完成地月转移、近月制动,在有效燃料约束下形成环月大椭圆轨道编队,构建环月超长波天文干涉仪。说明了系统的工作模式,对数据处理与科学分析方法进行了论述,包括数据预处理、干涉成像与全天功率谱获取角度,进而从支持服务模块和科学载荷模型两个方面对微卫星方案进行了简要概述,凝练了项目任务解决的关键科学与技术问题。月球轨道编队超长波天文观测微卫星的实施将通过全球首个绕月近距编队飞行系统,构建全球首个星–星干涉射电天文观测系统,进而打开人类认识宇宙的新窗口。     

Gradient pattern analysis of short solar radio bursts

We analyze the weak component of the localized temporal pattern variability of 3 GHz solar burst observed by the Ondrejov radiospectrograph. A complex, short and weak impulsive sample from the time series was analyzed by applying a method based on the gradient pattern analysis and discrete wavelet decomposition. By analyzing canonical temporal variability patterns we show that the new method can reliably characterize the phenomenological dynamical process of short time series (N ? 10³ measurements) as the radio burst addressed here. In the narrowest sense, by estimating the mutual information distance in the gradient spectra, we show that the fluctuation pattern of the short and weak 3 GHz impulsive solar burst, with energetic amplitudes <350 SFU, is closer to the intermittent and strong MHD turbulent variability pattern.     

Multi-scale reconnections in a complex CME

A series of three flares of GOES class M, M and C, and a CME were observed on 20 January 2004 occurring in close succession in NOAA 10540. Types II, III, and N radio bursts were associated. We use the combined observations from TRACE, EIT, Hα images from Kwasan Observatory, MDI magnetograms, GOES, and radio observations from Culgoora and Wind/ WAVES to understand the complex development of this event. We reach three main conclusions. First, we link the first two impulsive flares to tether-cutting reconnections and the launch of the CME. This complex observation shows that impulsive quadrupolar flares can be eruptive. Second, we relate the last of the flares, an LDE, to the relaxation phase following forced reconnections between the erupting flux rope and neighbouring magnetic field lines, when reconnection reverses and restores some of the pre-eruption magnetic connectivities. Finally, we show that reconnection with the magnetic structure of a previous CME launched about 8 h earlier injects electrons into open field lines having a local dip and apex (located at about six solar radii height). This is observed as an N-burst at decametre radio wavelengths. The dipped shape of these field lines is due to large-scale magnetic reconnection between expanding magnetic loops and open field lines of a neighbouring streamer. This particular situation explains why this is the first N-burst ever observed at long radio wavelengths.     

Oblique-incidence ionospheric soundings over Central Europe and their application for testing now casting and long term prediction models

After a first oblique-incidence ionospheric sounding campaign over Central Europe performed during the period 2003–2004 over the radio links between Inskip (UK, 53.5°N, 2.5°W) and Rome (Italy, 41.8°N, 12.5°E) and between Inskip and Chania (Crete, 35.7°N, 24.0°E), new and more extensive analysis of systematic MUF measurements from January 2005 to December 2006 have been performed. MUF measurements collected during moderately disturbed days (17 ? Ap ? 32), disturbed days (32 < Ap ? 50) and very disturbed days (Ap > 50), have been used to test the long term prediction models (ASAPS, ICEPAC and SIRM&LKW), and the now casting models (SIRMUP&LKW and ISWIRM&LKW). The performances of the different prediction methods in terms of r.m.s are shown for selected range of geomagnetic activity and for each season.     

TD-SCDMA 中外环功率控制的研究

CDMA系统是干扰受限的系统,降低干扰可以提高系统的容量.TD-SCDMA系统的功率控制就是在保证用户的QoS前提下,降低发射功率,减少系统干扰从而增大系统的容量.本文介绍了TD-SCDMA中外环空率控制的算法,并且分析了功率控制参数对系统性能的影响.     

超短波电台自动检测与故障诊断系统设计

介绍了超短波电台自动检测系统与故障诊断系统的功能,并根据功能要求进行了硬件电路的设计,采取面向信号的ATLAS语言进行软件设计和建立在专家知识输入故障推理模型.该系统经使用证明,检测结果精确,检测效率较高.     

诱饵诱偏无人机截获系统的仿真分析

诱偏技术是电子对抗中自我保护的有效方法.在分析电扫恒差比幅测向原理的基础上,讨论了设置诱饵情况下无人机截获系统测向的误差;在射频仿真系统中,对诱饵、雷达与无人机的相对位置关系进行了研究,给出了算法,最后通过仿真对其进行了验证.这对电子对抗中武器系统诱偏技术的应用、射频仿真系统功能完善以及武器系统作战效能评估等研究都具有一定的参考价值.     

Solar energetic particle events during the rise phases of solar cycles 23 and 24

We present a comparative study of the properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares associated with the solar energetic particle (SEP) events in the rising phases of solar cycles (SC) 23 (1996–1998) (22 events) and 24 (2009–2011) (20 events), which are associated with type II radio bursts. Based on the SEP intensity, we divided the events into three categories, i.e. weak (intensity < 1 pfu), minor (1 pfu < intensity < 10 pfu) and major (intensity ? 10 pfu) events. We used the GOES data for the minor and major SEP events and SOHO/ERNE data for the weak SEP event. We examine the correlation of SEP intensity with flare size and CME properties. We find that most of the major SEP events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs originating close to the sun center and western-hemisphere. The fraction of halo CMEs in SC 24 is larger than the SC 23. For the minor SEP events one event in SC23 and one event in SC24 have widths < 120° and all other events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs as in the case of major SEP events. In case of weak SEP events, majority (more than 60%) of events are associated with CME width < 120°. For both the SC the average CMEs speeds are similar. For major SEP events, average CME speeds are higher in comparison to minor and weak events. The SEP event intensity and GOES X-ray flare size are poorly correlated. During the rise phase of solar cycle 23 and 24, we find north–south asymmetry in the SEP event source locations: in cycle 23 most sources are located in the south, whereas during cycle 24 most sources are located in the north. This result is consistent with the asymmetry found with sunspot area and intense flares.     

Variability of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed with GPS radio occultation bending angles and temperatures

Recently, Lewis (2009) introduced a new method for the identification of tropopause heights (TPHs) from GPS radio occultation (RO) bending angles (α)$(\alpha )$. The method uses a covariance transform to identify transitions in a ln(α)$\mathit{ln}(\alpha )$ profile. Lewis validates the results with lapse rate tropopause (LRT) heights from one year of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data and radiosondes. In this study we apply the new method to the RO data sets from CHAMP/GRACE (2001–2009) and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (2006–2009). These results are the basis for TPH trend estimations for the time period between May 2001 and August 2009 (100 months) based on zonal monthly mean GPS RO data from CHAMP (2001–2008), GRACE (since 2006) and FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (since 2006). Further, we compare the α$\alpha$ based TPH trends with LRT height trends and discuss the differences, which are largest in the subtropical regions (20°–40°) on both the northern and southern hemisphere. A global increase of the TPH between 5 and 9 m/yr is found for both methods and different data sets (CHAMP/GRACE alone and CHAMP/GRACE plus FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC). The results for the TPH trends are linked with bending angle and temperature trends in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region. Generally, an upper tropospheric warming (bending angle decrease) and a lower stratospheric cooling (bending angle increase) is noted.