温度对2A12铝合金在模拟油箱积水环境中初期腐蚀行为的影响

 基于飞机油箱舱内的铝合金在油箱积水环境中发生的腐蚀损伤问题,通过研究腐蚀形貌、最大点蚀坑深度、最大点蚀坑开口面积、表面腐蚀损伤度、交流阻抗响应等变化,分析了温度对2A12铝合金在模拟油箱积水环境中初期腐蚀行为的影响。研究发现,最大点蚀坑深度、开口面积、表面腐蚀损伤度都随着温度的升高而增加,特别当温度升高到65℃和75℃时,腐蚀严重加剧,各项评价指标显著增大。在25、35、45、55℃模拟油箱积水环境中,最大点蚀坑深度及开口面积随时间的关系呈现幂函数变化规律,而在65℃、75℃时,其遵循最小二乘法多项式拟合。电化学交流阻抗谱测试结果表明,2A12铝合金在3个特征温度(常温25℃、中温55℃及高温75℃)下的腐蚀速度快慢为V_75℃ > V_55℃ > V_25℃。     

内绝热层材料结炭层强度的表征方法

利用改装的厚度计测试结炭层的针入深度,以此来表征材料结炭层的强度,分别考察了测试次数、圆锥针半顶角大小、测试区域和加载负荷对针入深度的影响,发现当测试次数为5次、圆锥针的半顶角为15°、测试区域为距烧蚀中心3 mm的圆形区域内、加载负荷为600~800 g时,所测针入深度数据分散性小、准确度高,能充分反映结炭层的强度。同时,结合不同芳纶用量时材料结炭层的针入深度和材料烧蚀速率分析,发现利用平均针入深度表征结炭层的强度,可科学地考察绝热层材料的耐烧蚀、抗冲蚀性能。     

高速端面铣削加工引入残余压应力场的试验研究

为研究高速铣削加工表面残余应力分布,在统计试验设计指导下,使用X射线衍射/电解抛光方法对试样表层、次表层残余应力分布进行测量,得出残余应力分布曲线经验预报公式,探讨切削参数对残余压应力场特征指标的影响规律。研究结果表明,合理的高速切削工艺将在加工表面内引入类似喷丸强化效果的残余压应力场;(3,1)有理式模型与三阶多项式模型是描述高速铣削引入残余应力分布曲线的有效拟合公式;高速切削工艺参数对加工表面残余应力场的产生有直接影响,每齿进给量是决定残余压应力分布的关键因素,每齿进给量的变化将引起残余应力场形成机理的改变。     

Lightweight hybrid visual-inertial odometry with closed-form zero velocity update

Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) fuses measurements from camera and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to achieve accumulative performance that is better than using individual sensors. Hybrid VIO is an extended Kalman filter-based solution which augments features with long tracking length into the state vector of Multi-State Constraint Kalman Filter (MSCKF). In this paper, a novel hybrid VIO is proposed, which focuses on utilizing low-cost sensors while also considering both the computational efficiency and positioning precision. The proposed algorithm introduces several novel contributions. Firstly, by deducing an analytical error transition equation, one-dimensional inverse depth parametrization is utilized to parametrize the augmented feature state. This modification is shown to significantly improve the computational efficiency and numerical robustness, as a result achieving higher precision. Secondly, for better handling of the static scene, a novel closed-form Zero velocity UPdaTe (ZUPT) method is proposed. ZUPT is modeled as a measurement update for the filter rather than forbidding propagation roughly, which has the advantage of correcting the overall state through correlation in the filter covariance matrix. Furthermore, online spatial and temporal calibration is also incorporated. Experiments are conducted on both public dataset and real data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution by showing that its performance is better than the baseline and the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of both efficiency and precision. A related software is open-sourced to benefit the community.^①     

Retrieval and validation of aerosol optical depth using GF-1 WFV cameras data

Conventional AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) retrieval is restricted to the global and regional scale due to the limited spatial resolution of satellites. This does not allow for aerosol monitoring at the city level. The Chinese GF-1 Wide Field of View (WFV) sensors have sufficiently fine resolution as a data source for AOD retrieval with fine spatial resolution and a 4-day revisit time. In this study, principles similar to those in the Deep Blue (DB) and Dark Target (DT) algorithms were used to retrieve AOD at 100 m spatial resolution from GF-1 WFV images supported by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectraradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance (SR) products (MOD09A1). The derived GF-1 WFV AOD were compared with a combination of MOD04_3K DT AOD and MOD04_L2 DB AOD (MODIS AOD) to find that they yield reasonable Spearman correlations (R_S > 0.82) over Taiwan and Beijing. The derived GF-1 WFV AOD were also validated against Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD; the Spearman correlation values were R_S = 0.911 in Beijing and R_S = 0.858 in Taiwan.     

X 射线照相缺陷定位方法分析与验证

相对于公式法,双标记法解决了焦距和焦点位移测量误差所带来的问题.但此方法在射线检测领域普及程度并不高,其中原因,首先是原理较复杂,针对性研究少,其次是测量精度没有被量化,可信度不高.本文从公式法入手,通过对原理公式的变化分析和线性化分析,明晰了双标记法缺陷深度定位原理,推导了缺陷深度定位公式,利用简化模型,对双标记法的定位精度做了进一步的分析与计算,最后针对具体被检测物,测试验证了双标记法的计算公式和测量精度,用理论和实践证明了方法和精度的可靠性.     

Validation of space-born Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer remote sensors aerosol products using application of ground-based Multi-wavelength Radiometer

The measurements of aerosol optical properties were carried out during April 2006 to March 2011 over Mohal (31.9°N, 77.12°E) in the northwestern Indian Himalaya, using the application of ground-based Multi-wavelength Radiometer (MWR) and space-born Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensors. The average (±standard deviation) values of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm, Ångström exponent and turbidity coefficient during the entire measurement period were 0.25 ± 0.09, 1.15 ± 0.42 and 0.12 ± 0.06 respectively. About 86% AOD values retrieved from MODIS remote sensor were found within an uncertainty limit (Δτ_pλ = ±0.05 ± 0.15τ_pλ). In general, the MWR derived AOD values were higher than that of MODIS retrieval with absolute difference ∼0.02. During the entire period of measurement space-born MODIS remote sensor and ground-based MWR observation showed good correspondence with significant correlation coefficient ∼0.78 and root mean square difference ∼0.06. For daily observations the relative difference between these two estimates stood less than 9%. However, satellite-based and ground-based observation showed good correspondence, but further efforts still needed to eliminate systematic errors in the existing MODIS algorithm.     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢渗碳层深度的测定

用金相法测定合金钢渗碳层深度时，试样通常为退火状态。18Cr2Ni4WA钢作为一种高淬透性渗碳钢，其试样经退火、正火及普通淬火后均难以测定渗碳层深度，只有经过等温淬火使渗碳层获得淬火马氏体（白色）组织，心部获得回火马氏体（黑色）组织，才能可靠地进行渗碳层深度的测定。     

高温合金复杂薄壁零件多道次充液拉深技术

充液拉深(HDD)技术是薄壁零件成形的一种有效方法.针对难成形,复杂薄壁结构的某型发动机高温合金板材零件,通过分析锥面自由悬空区的起皱失稳现象,设计了多道次充液拉深结合刚模成形的技术方案,并建立了有限元分析模型.基于有限元模拟和工艺验证试验,研究了预成形高度和终成形液室压力等关键工艺参数对零件最终成形质量的影响,探讨了...     

航空深弹投放模型及空中弹道仿真

以无动力航空自导深弹为研究对象,在分析反潜直升机攻潜过程的基础上,建立起反潜直升机应召攻潜航路规划模型,进而建立反潜直升机投放深弹模型,并利用Simulink对航空深弹空中弹道进行仿真,得出航空深弹入水的相关参数,为航空深弹作战使用提供理论参考。