多运动目标ISAR成像方法研究

当雷达波束中包含多个运动目标且目标在距离维无法分辨时,常规的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法难以有效聚焦,成像质量很差。针对此问题,利用回波中多个目标平动多普勒分量近似线性变化但变化历史不同的特点,提出了一种新的多目标ISAR成像方法。该方法先采用基于调频斜率估计的信号分离(CRESS)方法对多目标回波数据中各个目标的回波分量进行分离,然后对分离后的数据分别做成像处理。仿真实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

运载火箭飞行测量数据奇异点检测和降噪处理的小波方法

以提高火箭飞行测量数据处理精度为主要目的,结合弹道处理的实际,将小波理论运用于火箭弹道测量数据的分析。首先,在对信号奇异性、小波方法检测信号奇异点原理探讨的基础上,通过对火箭飞行外弹道测量数据奇异性的分析,确定了用于火箭飞行数据奇异点检测的小波函数的选取原则,提出了对跟踪测量数据奇异性点准确定位和分析其奇异性类型的方法;其次,为提高处理火箭飞行弹道的光滑度,深入探讨了弹道测量数据的小波消噪方法,结合雷达跟踪测量数据的实际分析和处理情况,就数据是否处于火箭在级间分离段提出了不同的处理方法。该算法原理简捷,计算复杂度较低,易实现。最后,通过对某试测的两个测量站雷达弹道测量数据的分析处理,论证了上述方法的正确性,取得了明显的效果。     

一种基于FPGA的DFT算法实现的研究

DFT算法是信号处理中一种常用的算法。分析DFT算法的结构,给出用FPGA实现的设计方法,并对算法进行仿真,仿真结果证明算法设计正确,可行。     

雷达侦察系统的信号采集

论述了雷达侦察系统在进行信号采集量化时应考虑的因素和脉冲信号采集的基本类型，讨论了采集雷达区信号脉冲系列的跟踪采集、定时采集和自适应分路采集的方法。指出了圆周扫描搜索雷达信号时域上的截获方法及其频域上的频谱特征，同时还指出了对高速运动目标雷达信号的采集－处理过程，以判断其载体的运动动机和威胁程度。     

基于周期图法的残留载波BPSK信号检测

讨论高斯白噪声背景下基于周期图法的残留载波BPSK(RC-BPSK)信号的检测问题。标准周期图法在正弦信号检测中的性能最优,但是在RC-BPSK信号检测中的性能却不佳;能量检测法只在信噪比很低的情况下性能较好;在信噪比较高时,虽然Bartlett法有较好的性能,但需要分段多次计算周期图,不利于与其他检测方法配合使用。文中在频谱匹配法的基础上发展了一种频谱相关检测方法,仿真结果表明该方法可以获得和Bartlett法相似的性能,同时只需要计算一次周期图。     

脉冲星辐射脉冲信号辨识的新算法

为了提高脉冲星辐射脉冲信号辨识的效果和速度,提出了一种基于S变换的脉冲星辐射脉冲信号辨识算法。通过对脉冲星辐射脉冲信号的累积脉冲轮廓进行时频分析得出,在不同观测频率和不同信噪比的条件下,脉冲星累积脉冲轮廓S变换的时频分布图基本不变。基于这种稳定的时频特征,采用最小标准化欧式距离分离器对脉冲星信号进行辨识。实验表明,方法具有良好的抗噪性能,且识别率和运算速度均优于基于小波和双谱算法。     

图像压缩感知的自适应方向提升稀疏表示及重构算法

为了克服传统的压缩感知重构中正交小波方向选择性差的局限性,针对图像信号方向性决定了需要在不同纹理区域选择滤波器以使变换后信号能量更加稀疏,提出一种基于自适应方向提升稀疏表示的重构方法。重构时,在每次迭代更新后,根据图像信号的纹理特征选择不同强度方向和信号光滑度的小波基,使得变换后信号能量分布更加集中,并利用小波域阈值处理方法解决信号的重构噪声问题。实验结果表明,该算法提高了重构图像的峰值信噪比和视觉效果,保护了图像的细节。     

谐波小波在信号滤波中的应用

谐波小波在频域具有良好的盒形谱特性 ,另外它比通常由二进尺度函数得到的小波还具如下优越性 :存在确定的函数表达式 ;时频定位更加准确 ;算法实现简单 ;可以得到任意频率段的信号。本文重点对谐波小波在数字信号滤波中的应用进行研究     

A Lamb wave signal reconstruction method for high-resolution damage imaging

In Lamb wave-based Structural Health Monitoring(SHM), a high-enough spatial resolution is highly required for Lamb wave signals to ensure the resolution and accuracy of damage detection. However, besides the dispersion characteristic, the signal spatial resolution is also largely restricted by the space duration of excitation waveforms, i.e., the Initial Spatial Resolution(ISR)for the signals before travelling. To resolve the problem of inferior signal spatial resolution of Lamb waves, a Lamb Wave Signal Reconstruction(LWSR) method is presented and applied for highresolution damage imaging in this paper. In LWSR, not only a new linearly-dispersive signal is reconstructed from an original Lamb wave signal, but also the group velocity at the central frequency is sufficiently decreased. Then, both dispersion compensation and ISR improvement can be realized to achieve a satisfying signal spatial resolution. After the frequency domain sensing model and spatial resolution of Lamb wave signals are firstly analyzed, the basic idea and numerical realization of LWSR are discussed. Numerical simulations are also implemented to preliminarily validate LWSR. Subsequently, LWSR-based high-resolution damage imaging is developed. An experiment of adjacent multiple damage identification is finally conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of LWSR and LWSR-based imaging methods.     

An intelligent algorithm for coherent sound source localization based on a strong tracking filter

Background noise is inevitable when sensor arrays are used for aeroacoustic measurements in wind tunnels. The direct removal of background noise, however, would affect the measurement accuracy. In particular, the existing array signal processing algorithms are either invalid or inefficient for removing the noise that is coherent with the signal of interest. In this paper, an intelligent algorithm is developed to localize the coherent sound sources and background noise in real time by iteratively checking the collected data from the array. The proposed method can automatically adjust the suboptimal fading factor to extract useful information as much as possible in residual sequence. This algorithm is tested in simulations and then demonstrated in an experiment.Compared to the two existing methods, the results indicate that the new method has a good phase-shift tracking ability and rapid estimation-error convergence speed, and can achieve an acceptable performance even for low-cost acoustic sensors. Overall, the proposed method should assist array beamforming and hence benefit aeroacoustic measurement.