Plasma Niobium Surface Alloying of Pure Titanium and its Oxidation at 900 ℃

A niobium-modified layer on pure titanium surface was obtained by means of double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The modified layer was uniform, continuous, compact and well adhered to the substrate. The niobium composition in the modified layer decreased gradually from the surface to the substrate. The oxidation behavior of the niobium-modified layer was investigated and compared with the untreated surface at 900 ℃ for 100 h. Characterization of the layers was performed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The test results show that the oxidation behavior of pure titanium was improved by niobium alloying process. Niobium has a positive influence on the oxidation resistance.     

文献检索(光盘)中科技论文文摘的探讨

探讨了科技论文文摘的作用与构成要素,分析了文摘的性质和特点,阐明了文摘写作中应注意的问题,给出了文摘的范例。     

论科学技术是第一生产力与教育的关系

本文以马克思主义政活经济学原理为基础,以“科学技术是生产力”为基本出发点,论证了“科学技术是第一生产力”这一论断的正确性。同时,笔者从马克思教育思想出发,对教育与劳动力再生产以及教育与科学技术再生产之间的关系进行了详尽的论述,并论证了科学技术对教育的反作用。     

A detailed FLUKA-2005 Monte-Carlo simulation for the ATIC detector

We have performed a detailed Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation for the Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) detector using the MC code FLUKA-2005 which is capable of simulating particles up to 10 PeV. The ATIC detector has completed two successful balloon flights from McMurdo, Antarctica lasting a total of more than 35 days. ATIC is designed as a multiple, long duration balloon flight, investigation of the cosmic ray spectra from below 50 GeV to near 100 TeV total energy; using a fully active Bismuth Germanate (BGO) calorimeter. It is equipped with a large mosaic of silicon detector pixels capable of charge identification, and, for particle tracking, three projective layers of x–y scintillator hodoscopes, located above, in the middle and below a 0.75 nuclear interaction length graphite target. Our simulations are part of an analysis package of both nuclear (A) and energy dependences for different nuclei interacting in the ATIC detector. The MC simulates the response of different components of the detector such as the Si-matrix, the scintillator hodoscopes and the BGO calorimeter to various nuclei. We present comparisons of the FLUKA-2005 MC calculations with GEANT calculations and with the ATIC CERN data.     

科学视算──新的计算系统

一种新型的数学仿真系统一科学视算系统的特点、需要解决的问题、系统模型以及系统的构成在文中作了介绍和分析。     

三相线钉扎的大液滴蒸发实验

利用实践十号返回式科学实验卫星蒸发对流箱,开展了三相线处于钉扎状态且接触半径大于毛细长度的无水乙醇大滴在加热PTFE表面蒸发的地基科学实验。实验发现,液滴体积随时间线性递减,但钉扎大液滴蒸发过程中没有出现恒定接触角（CCA）阶段。与小液滴蒸发的恒定接触半径（CCR）阶段相同,大液滴的平均蒸发速率也与初始体积无关,表明受重力影响明显的大液滴蒸发主要发生在三相线附近区域。瞬时蒸发速率经历了迅速上升和之后的长时间内保持稳定两个阶段。与数值模拟结果对比分析发现,准静态扩散模型低估了三相线处于钉扎状态的大液滴瞬时蒸发速率,而同时考虑蒸气扩散与空气中自然对流经验模型的准确性取决于实验所用工质。