浅论科学计算与信息

为适应市场经济、特别是信息产业的飞速发展,教育部设立了“信息与计算科学”本科专业,这使得数学学科迎来了新的生长机遇。本文从科学计算角度,介绍科学计算的历史、发展、特点及方法,并对科学计算与信息的关系进行初步的讨论。     

Preliminary Scientific Results of Chang'E-1 Lunar Orbiter: Based on Payloads Detection Data in the First Phase

Chang'E-1 lunar Orbiter was launched by Long March 3A rocket from Xichang Satel-lite Launch Center at 18:05BT(Beijing Time) Oct.24,2007.It is the first step of its ambitious three-stage moon program,a new milestone in the Chinese space exploration history.The primary science objectives of Chang'E-1 lunar orbiter are to obtain three-Dimension(3D) stereo images of the lunar surface,to analyze the distribution and abundance of elements on the surface,to investigate the thickness of lunar soil,evaluate helium-3 resources and other characteristics,and to detect the space environment around the moon.To achieve the above four mission objectives,eight sets of scientific instruments are chosen as the payloads of the lunar orbiter,including a CCD stereo camera(CCD),a Sagnac-based interferometer spectrometer(ⅡM),a Laser Altimeter(LAM),a Microwave Radiometer(MRM),a Gamma-Ray Spectrometer(GRS),an X-ray spectrometer(XRS),a High-Energy Particle Detector(HPD),and two Solar Wind Ion Detectors(SWID).The detected data of the payloads show that all payloads work well.This paper introduces the status of payloads in the first phase and preliminary scientific results.     

陕西高等职业教育科学发展的思考

在深入学习和实践科学发展观的活动中,正确认识陕西高等职业教育的发展状况,认真分析发展环境,查找发展中存在的突出问题,提出推进陕西高等职业院校,特别是民办高等职业院校科学发展的有效措施.使陕西的高职教育真正步入"以服务为宗旨,以就业为导向,特色发展、内涵发展"的科学发展之路.     

Simulating clefts in pumpkin balloons

The geometry of a large axisymmetric balloon with positive differential pressure, such as a sphere, leads to very high film stresses. These stresses can be significantly reduced by using a tendon re-enforced lobed pumpkin-like shape. A number of schemes have been proposed to achieve a cyclically symmetric pumpkin shape, including the constant bulge angle (CBA) design, the constant bulge radius (CBR) design, CBA/CBR hybrids, and NASA’s recent constant stress (CS) design. Utilizing a hybrid CBA/CBR pumpkin design, Flight 555-NT in June 2006 formed an S-cleft and was unable to fully deploy. In order to better understand the S-cleft phenomenon, a series of inflation tests involving four 27-m diameter 200-gore pumpkin balloons were conducted in 2007. One of the test vehicles was a 1/3-scale mockup of the Flight 555-NT balloon. Using an inflation procedure intended to mimic ascent, the 1/3-scale mockup developed an S-cleft feature strikingly similar to the one observed in Flight 555-NT. Our analysis of the 1/3-scale mockup found it to be unstable. We compute asymmetric equilibrium configurations of this balloon, including shapes with an S-cleft feature.     

高空气球综合/开放式设计系统

开发了一种新架构的高空气球设计系统,引入了综合性、开放式的设计理念,采用面向对象的整合方法,包含了自定义开发、多Agent基线比选等开放性设计功能,通过实例证明了该系统不仅可以进行模型建立、性能分析、费用评估等分析结果综合评价,还使方案设计与数字加工、飞行仿真等实际应用结合在一起.     

气象卫星的现状和未来

概述了气象卫星现况及未来发展,指出极轨气象卫星和静止气象卫星的发展方向,并对我国气象卫星系统的发展提出了建议。     

深空天文测角测速组合自主导航可观测性分析方法

导航系统的性能与其可观测性密切相关,而可观测矩阵是分析导航系统可观测性能的重要依据。本文基于分段线性定常系统(PWCS)方法给出导航系统的可观测矩阵,进而针对测角测速组合导航系统开展可观测性分析。通过分析测角测速组合导航系统可观测矩阵的秩和条件数,得到导航系统的可观测性和整体可观测度,并研究导航系统的可观测阶数对导航系统的影响;同时基于奇异值分解(SVD)方法给出测角测速组合导航系统各个状态分量的可观测性分析方法。最后,以小行星探测工程任务巡航段为背景,系统地给出了不同量测模型的导航系统可观测性结果,分析了不同可观测性分析方法对导航系统可观测性刻画的适用性。本文所提出的可观测性分析方法,对导航系统可观测性分析具有很好的参考性,可为组合导航系统量测模型的优选提供参考,具有良好的理论和应用价值。     

Mechanical properties of ANTRIX balloon film and fabrication of single cap large volume balloons

The zero pressure plastic balloons used for high altitude studies are generally made from polyethylene material. Tensile properties of the thin film polymer are the key parameters for material selection due to extremely low temperature of −90 °C encountered by the balloons in the tropopause region during the ascent at equatorial latitudes. The physical and structural properties of the material determine the uniformity of the stress distribution over the entire shell. Load stresses from the suspended load propagate via load tapes heat sealed along with the gore seals as per the balloon design. A balance between this heat seal strength and the film strength is a desirable property of the basic resin in terms of the bubble strength, gauge uniformity, and long-term storage properties. In addition, the design of the top shell of the balloon and its stress distribution play an important role since only a fraction of the balloon is deployed during the filling operation and the ascent. In this paper we describe the mechanical properties of the ‘ANTRIX’ film developed by us and the optimized design of single cap balloons, which have been successfully used in our experiments over the past 5 years.     

探寻科学计量科研管理方法 夯实企业发展基础

计量作为必不可少的技术基础,是企业核心能力的重要组成,是科技创新的重要支撑,为企业的发展发挥着重要基础性支撑性作用。计量科研是计量科技创新和计量保障能力持续提升的主要途径。本文介绍了一些计量科研项目管理经验,并根据目前面临的新形势提出了进一步推进计量科研工作的设想。     

二十一世纪卫星通信展望

从社会需求和技术进步推动通信技术和产业发展的角度出发,首先对信息基础设施和卫星通信的特点进行了简要介绍,据此对卫星通信的未来发展予以展望;介绍了国际上最新提出的一些推进卫星通信发展的新思想、新技术。