直升机起落架轮轴碳化钨磨削工艺研究

直升机起落架轮轴表面喷涂碳化钨涂层后可提高轮轴的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性,但是受超声速火焰喷涂工艺方法的限制,喷涂碳化钨的轮轴必须通过磨削工艺保证表面质量和尺寸精度,然而轮轴的弱加工刚性和涂层的高耐磨性导致磨削过程中易产生让刀、颤刀等现象,造成零件磨削质量不合格。首先采用正交试验法研究四种精磨工艺参数对于磨削表面粗糙度的影响;然后研究装夹工具和磨削策略对于零件圆柱度的影响;最后加工并收集15 件轮轴的各段外圆尺寸并计算其过程能力指数。结果表明：选择高砂轮线速度、小切深以及适中的砂轮轴向进给速度与工件线速度可以获得粗糙度为0.4 μm 的零件表面,增加装夹工具的夹持长度和刚性并采用“粗磨—精磨—光磨”策略可保证零件外圆的圆柱度不大于0.01 mm。轮轴过程能力指数的计算结果不小于1.33,验证了整个磨削工艺的可靠性与稳定性。     

基于可拓评价法的区域管制系统运行质量评估

在保证区域管制系统安全运行的前提下,提高区域管制系统的运行质量可以提高航路网的运输效率,减小航路的交通拥挤,而评价其运行质量水平为提高运行质量提供了理论依据,因此有必要对区域管制系统的运行质量进行评估.基于区域管制系统的运行过程,从区域管制服务的安全性、效率性选取了评估指标,构建了质量评价体系.在此基础上,采用可拓评价法建立了区域管制系统运行质量评估模型.算例分析验证了质量评估模型的可行性.     

一种远程、多点、实时的洁净度监测系统设计

为了满足各类实验室不断提高的洁净度监测实时性要求,设计了一种可远程控制、可实时监测、可多点监测、可集中显示、可分析数据的洁净度监测系统。     

ULF wave index as magnetospheric and space-weather parameters

Waves in the Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) band owe their existence to solar wind turbulence and transport momentum and energy from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and farther down. Therefore an index based on ULF wave power could better characterize solar wind–magnetosphere interaction than K_P, Dst, AE, etc. indices which described mainly quasi-study state condition of the system. We have shown that the ULF wave index accurately characterize relativistic electron dynamics in the magnetosphere as these waves are closely associated with circulation, diffusion and energization of relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere. High speed solar wind streams also act as a significant driver of activity in the Earth’s magnetosphere co-rotating interaction region and are responsible for geomagnetic activities. In the present paper, we have analyzed various cases related with very weak (quiet) days, weak days, storm days and eclipse events and discussed the utility of the ULF wave index to explain the magnetospheric dynamics and associated properties. We have tried to explain that the ULF wave index can equally be useful as a space weather parameter like the other indices.     

永磁同步电动舵机系统滑模变结构控制器设计

针对电动舵机系统,建立表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)矢量控制模型。设计基于指数趋近律的滑模变结构控制器,并在此基础上进行抖振抑制。利用变指数趋近律滑模控制器与比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器相结合,设计组合控制器,既可最大程度地发挥滑模变结构控制的快速性与鲁棒性,又可利用PID控制的优势减小系统最后的抖振。最后,通过与基于指数趋近律的滑模控制器进行仿真对比,验证组合控制器对电动舵机系统抖振的抑制效果。仿真结果表明:设计的组合控制器将系统静差减小了85%,并基本消除了滑模末端的抖振。     

Tomography-like flow visualization of a hypersonic inward-turning inlet

The flow field in a typical inward-turning inlet was visualized using the Planar Laser Scattering (PLS) method in a shock tunnel with a nominal Mach number of 6. The opaque inlet, which is truncated at a series of sections, and the following transparent isolator, are combined to enable the optical access at different streamwise locations. The sequential PLS images provide a tomography-like flow visualization, which confirm the existence of streamwise Counter-rotating Vortex Pairs (CVPs) in both external and internal flow field of the inlet. Generation mechanisms of these CVPs are unraveled with the help of a numerical simulation, among which the cowl notch plays an important role in the generation of surface trailing CVPs along the centerline of the cowl. Moreover, the cowl shock sweeps the internal boundary layer towards the body side, which ultimately accumulates low-momentum flow on the body side in forms of a large CVP propagating downstream through the isolator. The CVPs formed in the shape-transition are responsible for the nonuniform flow field of the inward-turning inlet. This study indicates that the V-shaped cowl notch affects the downstream flow significantly and, therefore, should be examined thoroughly in practical applications.     

周期信号各参数的离散取样测量法

描述用离散采样测量周期信号的有效值、失真度及相位等参数的简易且准确度很高的测量方法,从数学上证明了这些方法的正确性并指出测量误差的来源。     

飞机纵向非线性系统的鲁棒输出跟踪控制器设计

研究了单输入单输出非线性不确定系统的鲁棒输出跟踪控制。在标称系统可输入/输出线性化、不确定性项有界且满足广义匹配条件的情况下,可得到系统的高增益鲁棒输出跟踪控制器。鲁棒控制器仅依赖于设计参数和不确定性的界。将该方法应用于飞机纵向高阶非线性动态的控制器设计,并进行了数字仿真。结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

融合多传感器数据的发动机剩余寿命预测方法

针对基于单一传感器数据的剩余寿命预测方法存在数据利用率低和预测精度不高的问题,论文提出了一种融合多传感器数据的发动机剩余寿命预测方法。首先将多个传感器数据融合成一个复合健康指标来表征发动机的退化性能,采用线性维纳过程对复合健康指标进行退化建模,通过极大似然估计方法确定模型参数,进而得到发动机的预测寿命。为了确定融合系数,提出了一种利用真实寿命与预测寿命的预测均方误差最小化的方法。融合系数确定后,基于训练发动机历史寿命数据,确定出模型参数的离线估计值;然后利用Bayesian公式,同时结合发动机的实时监测数据与参数的先验分布对模型参数进行实时更新,接着在首达时间的意义下推导出剩余寿命的概率分布,进而实现了发动机的剩余寿命在线预测。最后,选择商用模块化航空推进系统仿真数据集进行数值仿真实验,结果表明：相较于基于单一传感器的方法,论文所提方法能够提高剩余寿命预测的准确性,其剩余寿命预测的相对均方误差降低了2%左右。     

产业安全问题研究——基于生态学视角

随着中国对外开放程度不断加大,产业安全问题越来越引起人们的重视,但目前普遍采用的产业安全评价指标尚存在着片面性。文章通过运用生态系统健康评价理论来考察国家产业安全存在的问题和面临的挑战,认为国家产业系统是一个由各行业企业与环境构成的社会生态系统,也具有生态系统的一般属性,因而把生态学原理应用到产业安全问题研究上,借鉴生态系统安全理论提出了产业生态系统的内涵,构建了产业安全的健康指数和敏感性指标,为产业安全评价提供了新的思路与方法。