Model optimization method and connected-pipe experiment of a liquid fuel ramjet engine

The optimization method of a mathematical model and connected-pipe experimental technique for a test in altitude test facility (ATF) of a liquid fuel ramjet engine was researched.The optimization of the simple mathematical model was divided into two steps.Firstly,using the test engine's geometry configuration size data,a preliminary adjustment was done.Secondly,using experimental test data,the components' experiential coefficients were modified appropriately.Emphasis was laid on the simulation technique of flight condition and parameters measurement method.The experimental technique was applied to a ramjet ATF test successfully.The comparison results show that the optimized-model has higher precision and the nozzle gross thrust difference drops from 12% to about 4%.      

RBCC引射模态冷流试验研究

通过冷流试验方法研究了不同构型RBCC引射模态下的抗背压特性,通过测量流道壁面压力给出了不同混合室长度和主火箭构型下的壁面压力变化曲线,分析了不同构型的抗背压性能。结果表明:增加混合室长度可以提高抗背压性能,但是提高幅度较小;双主火箭构型可以显著提高抗背压性能。该试验说明主火箭构型对抗背压性能有重要影响,为RBCC引射模态构型设计提供了参考依据。     

螺旋式脉冲爆震发动机实验研究

目前以碳氢燃料与空气可爆混合物的直管爆震室存在较长的爆燃向爆震转变(Deflagration to Detonation Transition,简称“DDT”)距离,从而导致发动机整机长度过长等问题.为解决此问题,采用8种螺旋构型的爆震管替代现有国内外普遍研究的直管构型的爆震管进行了一系列实验.首先对不同螺旋结构的爆震管进行冷态流阻特性实验,得出了螺旋结构参数和流阻的关系;再结合冷态实验结果,选取4种螺旋结构进行了热态爆震实验.实验结果表明,所有螺旋结构均可获得充分发展的爆震波;螺旋爆震管缓燃向爆震转变时间随螺旋中轴线曲率半径增加而减小;相对于长2.0m的直管爆震管,螺旋爆震管DDT时间缩短了0.415~0.589ms,DDT距离沿螺旋线方向缩短了0.35m,爆震管轴向长度缩短了0.78~1.28m.     

基于试验设计的固体火箭冲压发动机燃烧效率规律研究

以双下侧进气布局的固体火箭冲压发动机为研究对象,以补燃室中燃气与空气的掺混燃烧效率规律为研究目标,将燃气喷管数量、补燃室头部距离、补燃室长径比、空气进气角度、空气进气速度5个因子作为二次燃烧效率的影响因子,基于试验设计方法,建立了5因子2水平的全因子试验表,并以该表为基础对构建出的32种不同掺混结构的固体火箭冲压发动机补燃室的反应流场进行数值模拟。用试验设计中的数据处理方法对计算结果进行分析,获得了5个显著因子及各因子对燃烧效率的影响规律。为了验证分析结果的正确性,从试验设计表中选取5种掺混结构进行了地面连管试验,试验结果与分析结论一致。将试验设计方法应用到固体火箭冲压发动机燃烧性能的研究中,为发动机性能寻优提供了新途径,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

加速度作用下环路热管工作特性实验

针对单储液器环路热管在过载加速度作用下可能出现的温度波动甚至无法运行的问题,基于恒加速度离心机系统,建立了双储液器环路热管(DCCLHP)工作特性实验台,实验研究了双储液器环路热管在重力场稳定运行后再施加过载加速度时的工作特性,分析了不同加热功率、不同加速度大小和方向对其运行性能的影响.结果表明,双储液器环路热管在加速度为7g时仍可达到稳定工作状态,加速度作用导致其稳定运行温度低于地面重力场的温度,且随加热功率和加速度不同,运行温度降低程度不同;加速度方向沿储液器2指向储液器1时其达到稳定状态所需时间比其反方向时更短.实验还观察到了加速度作用下冷凝器出口和液体管线出口温度波动现象.      

Construction of Crack Perturbation Model and Forward Semi-analytical Model of Attached Eddy Current Sensor

Fatigue damage monitoring is critical metallic structure health monitoring of aircraft.The sensor should be high sensitive,easy to be integrated into structure and well adaptable for poor working conditions.Therefore,an attached eddy current sensor with flexible plane is put forward and its characteristics are analyzed.By extracting material′s conductivity as the crack features,forward semi-analytical model is established and parameter optimizations are carried out.Crack perturbation model of attached eddy current sensor is constructed,and perturbation voltages of sensing channels under three-dimension structural crack are obtained.To verify the sensor′s performance,monitoring experiment on crack extension is conducted under condition of 3 MHz frequency.The validation experimental results show that perturbation model of 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy agrees well with experiment results,and perturbation model errors of four sensing channels are within 25%.The attached eddy current sensor is capable of testing the crack nondestructively and measuring the crack extension quantitatively with the accuracy of 1mm.     

考虑进口非均匀的喷管设计及冷流条件下的性能研究

超燃冲压发动机尾喷管与燃烧室直接相连,由于没有几何喉道和收缩段的整流作用,实际工作过程中尾喷管的进口气流是非均匀的,因而有必要研究非均匀进口条件下的尾喷管设计方法。以超燃冲压发动机尾喷管非均匀进口马赫数分布为条件,采用有旋特征线设计了超燃冲压发动机非对称尾喷管的等熵膨胀型线。利用数值模拟和试验相结合的方法研究了冷流条件下喷管的气动性能。结果表明,在相同的进口条件下,相对于假定进口马赫数均匀分布设计得到的喷管,考虑进口马赫数非均匀分布设计的喷管推力增加0.6%~2.0%,负升力降低可达82.0%,俯仰力矩增加8.6%~13.0%,这说明在喷管的设计过程中考虑进口参数分布的非均匀性是有必要的。     

轴承腔气相介质流场的理论与试验

采用有限元数值分析和试验研究的方法,研究了航空发动机轴承腔气相介质的压力场和速度场,探讨了转子转速和密封进气量等工况参数对轴承腔气相介质压力和速度分布的影响规律,研究工作表明:轴承腔气相介质压力随着转子转速、无量纲径向坐标、密封进气量的增加而增高;气相介质无量纲切向速度随着转子转速增高而增大,随着密封进气量增大而减小.试验结果表明:随着转子转速和密封进气量的增加,气相介质压力的试验结果与计算结果吻合性均增高.通过计算和试验揭示出的工况参数对轴承腔气相介质压力的影响规律,有助于轴承腔气相介质流动物理特性研究的完整性.      

The pGAPS experiment: An engineering balloon flight of prototype GAPS

The General Anti-Particle Spectrometer (GAPS) project is being carried out to search for primary cosmic-ray antiparticles especially for antideuterons produced by cold dark matter. GAPS plans to realize the science observation by Antarctic long duration balloon flights in the late 2010s. In preparation for the Antarctic science flights, an engineering balloon flight using a prototype of the GAPS instrument, “pGAPS”, was successfully carried out in June 2012 in Japan to verify the basic performance of each GAPS subsystem. The outline of the pGAPS flight campaign is briefly reported.