The Origin of Mercury

Mercury’s unusually high mean density has always been attributed to special circumstances that occurred during the formation of the planet or shortly thereafter, and due to the planet’s close proximity to the Sun. The nature of these special circumstances is still being debated and several scenarios, all proposed more than 20 years ago, have been suggested. In all scenarios, the high mean density is the result of severe fractionation occurring between silicates and iron. It is the origin of this fractionation that is at the centre of the debate: is it due to differences in condensation temperature and/or in material characteristics (e.g. density, strength)? Is it because of mantle evaporation due to the close proximity to the Sun? Or is it due to the blasting off of the mantle during a giant impact? In this paper we investigate, in some detail, the fractionation induced by a giant impact on a proto-Mercury having roughly chondritic elemental abundances. We have extended the previous work on this hypothesis in two significant directions. First, we have considerably increased the resolution of the simulation of the collision itself. Second, we have addressed the fate of the ejecta following the impact by computing the expected reaccretion timescale and comparing it to the removal timescale from gravitational interactions with other planets (essentially Venus) and the Poynting–Robertson effect. To compute the latter, we have determined the expected size distribution of the condensates formed during the cooling of the expanding vapor cloud generated by the impact. We find that, even though some ejected material will be reaccreted, the removal of the mantle of proto-Mercury following a giant impact can indeed lead to the required long-term fractionation between silicates and iron and therefore account for the anomalously high mean density of the planet. Detailed coupled dynamical–chemical modeling of this formation mechanism should be carried out in such a way as to allow explicit testing of the giant impact hypothesis by forthcoming space missions (e.g. MESSENGER and BepiColombo).     

无人机自由编队飞行的补偿模糊神经网络控制

为了克服当前提出的无人机编队飞行的不足，提出一种新的无人机编队飞行概念——自由编队飞行，制定了相关的避让规则，用补偿模糊神经网络进行训练，实现自由编队飞行的补偿模糊神经网络控制。仿真显示，编队飞行的飞机能按照规则自主改变航路进行避让，表明了该方法的有效性。     

卫星定位导航系统中各因素对D-R定位算法精度的影响

D- R定位算法在理论上可以用于定位。在实际工作中 ,用户的定位精度是进行定位时首先需要考虑的问题。文中主要讨论 D- R算法本身固有的定位误差。首先根据 D- R算法的定位公式推导出算法的精度误差因子。然后根据卫星定位导航系统的工作过程 ,确定了影响用户定位精度误差因子的因素并对这些因素对精度误差因子的影响进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果证明 D- R定位算法在一定条件下可以满足用户对定位精度的要求 ,用户精度误差因子可与现有的 GPS系统相当。     

逆合成孔径雷达信号处理方法研究进展

在简要评述国内外现有的逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）信号处理的运动补偿和成象方法之后，介绍了南京航空航天大学ISAR课题组近年来在ISAR信号处理方法研究中取得的主要进展，包括基于多散射点定位观点的雷达成象观测模型，基于最大似然原理的同时运动补偿和成象方法，基于最大似然原理的多目标成象方法和基于时频分析的多目标成象方法，以及超分辩成象方法，文末指出了在ISAR信号处理方面有待进一步研究的问题。     

卫星群分离控制方法研究

根据星群分离控制的一般要求，本文研究了卫星群的相对运动方程，分析了其相对运动特性，在合理的近似假设下对Ｈｉｌｌ方程为出发点，研究了各卫星相对距离限制下的分离控制方法。最后对精确方程与近似方程的仿真比较，表明所设计的健康控制方法是可行的，其结果是可信的。     

非线性条件下编队卫星周期性相对运动条件

利用编队卫星机械能守恒原理，提出了非线性条件下求解编队卫星周期性相对运动条件的新方法，给出了非线性周期相对运动的初始条件。编队卫星相对距离较近时，利用非线性周期运动条件，可修正Hill方程的初始条件，抑制编队卫星的长期漂移。编队卫星相对距离较大，非线性因素不可忽略时，利用非线性周期运动条件，可找到不需消耗任何燃料的周期性相对运动轨道。最后的数值仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性。     

卫星星座系统多学科设计优化研究

分析了卫星星座系统设计包含的星座设计、卫星设计、发射选择等学科之间的耦合关系，特别是卫星各分系统之间的耦合关系，建立了包括发射费用分析、成本分析在内的卫星星座系统多学科分析模型。在此基础上，采用分布式协同进化MDO算法，将星座设计优化和卫星的设计优化在自治基础上充分协同，对一个同时包含离散／连续设计变量、需进行星座结构和参数同时优化的虚拟的海洋监视卫星星座系统进行了多学科设计优化。算法对离散设计变量采用二进制编码，连续设计变量采用实数编码，并分别采用相应的进化算子。采用最大长度编码，根据一定的规则确定基因的显性和隐性，来处理结构和参数同时优化引起的设计变量维数可变的问题。设计结果显示了多学科设计优化的优势和分布式协同进化MDO算法对卫星星座系统这样的复杂多学科设计优化问题的有效性.     

Space traffic control: a view of the future

This paper provides an overview of a system for providing reliable, ongoing, timely situational awareness services to satellite operators. Such services would include close approach warnings, warnings of potential radio frequency interference, and other offerings designed to help make operators aware of possible threats to the safe operation of their spacecraft and measures they can take to lessen these threats. The paper discusses current trends, proposes operational requirements, and speculates on the type of organization that may emerge to provide space traffic control services. It highlights how the detailed information required for such services may affect the evolution of the use of space.     

SPACEBUS3000卫星平台及其测控系统

介绍了法国宇航公司ＡＥＲＯＳＰＡＴＩＡＬＥ研制的通信卫星平台ＳＰＡＣＥＢＵＳ３０００的主要电子系统结构和功能，着重介绍了它的测控系统部分，包括数管子系统和射频子系统的详细结构和功能划分，以及它们的设计方案。     

卫星图像采集任务调度系统的设计与实现

随着卫星遥感技术的高速发展 ,卫星图像在众多领域有了广泛的应用。文章给出了一个卫星图像采集任务调度系统的总体结构及其功能 ,讨论了该系统实现过程中的卫星资源描述、卫星图像采集任务描述、调度引擎、卫星时间窗口的仿真计算、调度结果的可视化展现等关键技术 ,归纳了系统的特点 ,并总结了今后系统的研究方向