星敏感器低频误差与陀螺漂移离线校正方法

获取高精度事后姿态数据是提高遥感平台成像质量的必要条件之一,离线处理可有效降低敏感器测量误差,从而获得更高的姿态确定精度。基于滤波的校正方法中,星敏感器低频误差(LFE)与陀螺漂移将产生耦合影响导致校正精度低,本文针对该问题推导了耦合误差的数学模型,并设计了一种两步双向平滑事后处理算法,将陀螺漂移与低频误差分两步校正,通过反复滤波剥离陀螺漂移与低频误差。同时,针对低频误差参数收敛速度慢、噪声参数调节困难的问题,利用一种基于极大似然估计(MLE)的固定窗口自适应双向滤波算法进行处理以获得更好的噪声估计,提高了收敛速度和收敛精度。文中仿真工况下,离线姿态确定精度可达到0.8″(3σ),低频误差参数完全收敛时间不超过4个轨道周期。     

一种同轴腔温漂问题的仿真

文章在三维仿真软件HFSS和CST中建立谐振腔模型，给出建模的原理和注意点；详细研究了腔体各尺寸随温度变化对腔体本征频率的影响的正负性及影响大小，得出引起腔体频率变化的主要结构因素；重点分析了调谐螺钉纵向扰动及径向扰动对谐振频率的影响。结合LC谐振电路对结果进行分析，得出减小温漂的措施。并根据仿真结果，对腔体的各个部分合理使用不同材料，使腔体温漂得到补偿。     

Plasma transport process in the equatorial/low-latitude ionosphere

The behaviour of the equatorial/low-latitude ionosphere and the transport processes during magnetic disturbed and quiet periods of a high solar activity year, 2014, in the American sector are investigated. Parameters used include vertical drift (Vz), transport term (W), NmF2, hmF2 and scale-height (H). The F2 plasma variations followed the diurnal local solar pattern, being higher at daytime. The sunset maximum and sunrise minimum peaks of hmF2 were directly opposite to the scale height (H) pattern. The plasma distribution was basically controlled by combined actions of the electrodynamic convection/thermospheric composition, which is geomagnetic activity dependent. The annual, semi-annual and winter-anomalies of the F2 parameters were higher at the dip equator in comparison with the low-latitude. The Vz pre-reversal peak magnitude coincided with hmF2 peak and the effects are more pronounced during geomagnetic disturbed conditions. The transport term pattern was similar to that of the scale height and it is suggested as a proxy parameter for quantifying low-latitude plasma irregularities and distribution of thermospheric composition.     

基于光学测角数据的风云四号同步轨道卫星精密定轨

针对风云四号同步卫星的精密定轨和精度评估需求,首先利用地面光学测角数据对FY-4A卫星进行精密定轨,定轨后方位角和高度角的残差rms分别为0.25＂和0.45＂。与基于测距数据的轨道相比,位置精度在有测角数据的弧段内小于50m。进一步联合测角数据和测距数据对FY-4A卫星进行联合定轨,定轨后轨道重叠精度优于15m。利用联合定轨结果评估了基于测距数据的实时轨道产品精度,可以明显发现轨道精度随着测距数据的积累而逐步提高。     

多退化变量下基于Copula函数的陀螺仪剩余寿命预测方法

针对惯性导航系统中陀螺仪多退化变量条件下的剩余寿命（RUL）预测问题,提出了一种基于Copula函数的多退化变量剩余寿命预测方法。首先,针对退化变量间不同的退化轨迹,采用不同的方法进行退化建模,并对于陀螺漂移系数样本标准差数据波动性随时间递增的特性,提出了一种方差时变的正态随机过程退化建模方法,得到了陀螺仪剩余寿命的边缘分布函数。然后,通过Copula函数来描述退化变量之间的相关性,将得到的剩余寿命的边缘分布进行融合,得到了陀螺仪剩余寿命的联合分布函数。最后,通过陀螺仪实例分析验证了方法的适用性和可行性。     

基于低成本陀螺和倾角仪的姿态估计

针对动中通测控系统中低成本陀螺和倾角仪的姿态估计和陀螺误差校正问题,提出一种利用UKF（Uncented Kalman Filter）滤波器对载体姿态角进行估计,然后利用互补滤波器对陀螺漂移进行估计的算法。该算法通过设计三维完全可观测UKF滤波方程和陀螺误差校正模型对姿态角和陀螺漂移分别进行估计,有效避免了利用卡尔曼滤波进行姿态估计和陀螺漂移误差估计时由于误差模型不准确而产生的发散问题,同时降低了滤波器维数。试验中姿态角估计误差在1°以内,x轴陀螺漂移估计误差为0.0148°/s,y轴陀螺漂移估计误差为0.0017°/s,试验结果表明该算法能有效提高姿态角估计和陀螺漂移估计的精度。     

Vertical shear at the equatorial F-region ionosphere during post-sunset hours

The characteristics of the equatorial F-region zonal plasma drift during post-sunset period have been investigated using the multi-frequency HF Doppler radar. The pattern of the zonal plasma drift is such that it starts with a westward drift during the pre-sunset hours, followed by an eastward drift shortly after the E-region sunset. The zonal plasma drift is characterized by the presence of a positive vertical shear around the post-sunset period and maximum shear is observed at the time of the peak of the pre-reversal enhancement in the vertical drift. The presence of vertical shear in the zonal drift is associated with the post-sunset velocity vortex existing at the equatorial F-region.     

天琴计划轨道构型长期漂移特性分析

为了实现天琴计划航天器轨道构型的长期稳定漂移并满足轨道构型的稳定性指标,文章应用优化算法搜索航天器初始最优瞬时轨道要素。建立考虑摄动情况下航天器轨道动力学模型,对导致等边三角形轨道构型发生长周期漂移的轨道要素进行了分析,并且将这些要素作为轨道设计的待优化参量,应用粒子群（ParticleSwarmOptimization,PSO）智能寻优算法进行优化,应用最终优化得到的轨道要素进行轨道构型仿真。仿真结果表明,在不进行轨道控制的情况下,4年内轨道构型呼吸角变化小于1.5°,臂长变化小于1500km,臂长变化速率小于10km/s,初步满足轨道构型的稳定性指标。     

Temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly by using multistation ionosonde data for the 19th solar cycle over the Indian region

The paper deals with the study of temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) phenomenon along with its dependence on solar activity and season during the 19th solar cycle by using seven Indian ionosonde stations. Present study is an attempt to carry out the comprehensive study of EIA by using the limited number of ground based instruments. This has been achieved by performing the Gaussian fitting over the latitudinal distribution of F2-region critical frequency (foF2) data. Results reveal that the phenomenon of EIA has a strong dependence on solar activity and seasons. The EIA crest exhibits the feature of latitudinal shifting and expansion with increasing solar activity. It is found out that the effect of solar cycle and seasons on EIA is local time dependent. The observations were also compared with the IRI-2001 model predictions and results reveal that the model values are in general agreement with the observed values with some discrepancies, particularly during the high solar activity period and morning sector. The results have been discussed in the light of relative contribution from transequatorial interhemispheric neutral wind and strength of equatorial fountain process during different local time, season and solar activity levels. Furthermore, an attempt is made to parameterize the location and foF2 of the EIA crest by using the regression analysis. These results can be used to predict the latitudinal position and foF2 of the EIA crest for any given 12-month running average sunspot number (R12).     

电子照射对硅漂移探测器性能的影响

由于高能电子辐射的长期照射,新一代太阳X射线探测器硅漂移传感器的探测性能可能发生变化.通过用电子放射源模拟空间电子对硅漂移探测器进行辐射照射试验,以测试电子照射对传感器能量分辨率、效率、信号幅度等性能的影响.试验结果表明,长期的电子照射造成硅漂移探测器面损伤和体损伤,使其漏电流增大,信号幅度减小,能量分辨率也受到照射的影响,而探测效率未发生变化.