捷联惯导系统中陀螺的初始测漂

本文介绍捷联惯导系统中多个陀螺初始常值漂移的测定和补偿。所谓“常值漂移”是指固定不变的漂移和一部分在各次启动时都不相同的并随时间缓慢变化的“随机常值”。本文采用“双位置(测漂)法”可以测出两个角速度陀螺沿载体系X_b,y_b和z_b测量轴的常值漂移。经过仿真证明,这一方法是完全可行的。     

电离层峰区的等离子体漂移

根据垂测数据、利用伺服模式讨论了中低纬上空电离层峰区等离子体垂直漂移速度的日变化形态及其随不同季节和不同纬度等的变化规律。揭示了漂移速度的凌晨凹陷与日出凸起现象,指出了可能的形成机制。     

Application of small-size antennas for estimation of angles of arrival of HF signals scattered by ionospheric irregularities

A modification of the Doppler Interferometry Technique is suggested to enable estimating angles of arrival of comparatively broadband HF signals scattered by random irregularities of the ionospheric plasma with the use of small-size weakly directional antennas. The technique is based on the measurements of cross-spectra phases of the probe radiation recorded at least in three spatially separated points. The developed algorithm has been used to investigate the angular and frequency-time characteristics of HF signals propagating at frequencies above the maximum usable one (MUF) for the direct radio path Moscow-Kharkiv. The received signal spectra show presence of three families of spatial components attributed, respectively, to scattering by plasma irregularities near the middle point of the radio path, ground backscatter signals and scattering of the sounding signals by the intense plasma turbulence associated with auroral activations. It has been shown that the regions responsible for the formation of the third family components are located well inside the auroral oval. The drift velocity and direction of the auroral ionosphere plasma have been determined. The obtained estimates are consistent with the classical conception of the ionospheric plasma convection at high latitudes and do not contradict the results of investigations of the auroral ionosphere dynamics using the SuperDARN network.     

电容式微机械陀螺温度特性研究及温度补偿

电容式MEMS角速率传感器零位的全温稳定性是其实用化的最重要的技术指标之一。分析了陀螺工作原理,从传感器敏感表头的空气阻尼、谐振频率等方面分析了机械结构的温度特性,得出了在全温区内驱动力与传感器零位输出的相关性。根据对陀螺表头和接口电路的温度特性分析,设计了恒定跨导高线性度的运算放大器,实现了全温低相位偏移、低幅值偏移的接口ASIC,并在高压N阱COMS工艺下流片。通过驱动力信号对零位进行温度补偿,包含了机械结构刚度和空气热阻尼等因素的影响,理论上比单独的谐振频率补偿更准确,而且驱动力信号可直接由接口电路给出,避免复杂的采样。在-40℃60℃的温度范围内进行零位温度循环测试,驱动力幅值对零位输出进行三阶拟合补偿,补偿后全温零位温度漂移小于26.7(°)/h(1σ)。     

光纤陀螺仪中尖峰脉冲引起漂移 的误差分析及其抑制

首次分析了光纤陀螺仪探测器输出信号中频率固定的尖峰脉冲对光纤陀螺 仪零偏漂移的影响机理,给出了尖峰脉冲影响光纤陀螺仪零偏漂移的误差模型;根据干 涉式数字闭环光纤陀螺仪探测器输出信号的特点,提出了一种基于高速集成模拟开关的 时域选通尖峰脉冲抑制具体实现方法,实验验证了尖峰脉冲引起的零偏漂移大小和理论 分析接近,表明了误差模型的正确性,同时表明该方法能够有效降低尖峰脉冲引起的光 纤陀螺仪零偏漂移。     

一种加速度环境下的温度测量方法

温度-加速度复合环境试验是考察武器、飞行器产品飞行过程中发射、再入等阶段环境适应性能的重要手段.介绍了温度-加速度复合环境试验系统的设计方法,针对高加速度环境下温度采集系统可能出现的温度漂移现象,进行了故障分析,并给出了解决方案.验证试验表明,设计方案可行,相关方法可为复合环境试验可靠性设计提供技术支持.     

泵浦激光频率波动对核磁共振陀螺仪 零偏稳定性的影响研究

本文研究了泵浦激光频率波动对核磁共振陀螺仪零偏稳定性的影响.通过分析核磁共振陀螺仪理论模型和自旋光泵浦极化129Xe的过程,阐述泵浦激光频率波动对陀螺仪零偏稳定性的影响机理.结果表明,泵浦光频率波动会导致核磁共振陀螺仪零偏稳定性下降约3个数量级.泵浦光频率波动是制约核磁共振陀螺仪性能提升的重要因素.     

Relativistic electron fluxes and dose rate variations during April–May 2010 geomagnetic disturbances in the R3DR data on ISS

Space radiation has been monitored successfully using the Radiation Risks Radiometer-Dosimeter (R3D) installed at the ESA EXPOSE-R (R3DR) facility outside of the Russian Zvezda module of the International Space Station (ISS) between March 2009 and January 2011. R3DR is a Liulin type spectrometer–dosimeter with a single Si PIN detector 2 cm² of area and 0.3 mm thick. The R3DR instrument accumulated about 2 million measurements of the absorbed dose rate and flux of 10 s resolution. The total external and internal shielding before the detector of R3DR device is 0.41 g cm⁻². The calculated stopping energy of normally incident particles to the detector is 0.78 MeV for electrons and 15.8 MeV for protons. After the Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) at 09:54 UTC on 3 April 2010, a shock was observed at the ACE spacecraft at 0756 UTC on 5 April, which led to a sudden impulse on Earth at 08:26 UTC. Nevertheless, while the magnetic substorms on 5 and 6 of April were moderate; the second largest in history of GOES fluence of electrons with energy >2 MeV was measured. The R3DR data show a relatively small amount of relativistic electrons on 5 April. The maximum dose rate of 2323 μGy day⁻¹ was reached on 7 April; by 9 April, a dose of 6600 μGy was accumulated. By the end of the period on 7 May 2010 a total dose of 11,587 μGy was absorbed. Our data were compared with AE-8 MIN, CRESS and ESA-SEE1 models using SPENVIS and with similar observations on American, Japanese and Russian satellites.     

集成式随动装置目标引导信息动态校准方法研究

光电对抗系统在机动状态下搜索和跟踪目标时,必须用位置陀螺代替码盘来确定目标方位角。但是,由于搜索轴陀螺存在漂移和累积误差,导致跟踪转台按照引导信息调转到位后目标无法进入跟踪视场,而且陀螺的漂移和累积误差是随时间和温度非线性变化的,很难直接进行修正。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种对引导信息进行间接动态校准的方法。